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Treatment for Abused and Neglected Children: Infancy to Age 18
User Manual Series (1994)

Author(s):  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Urquiza, Winn

Year Published:  1994

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You are in section: Table of Contents Attribution Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 - Child Development and… 2 - Consequences of Abuse and… 3 - Assessment of Child… 4 - Therapy 5 - Treatment Issues for… 6 - Case Management Conclusion Notes Glossary of Terms Selected Bibliography Other Resources

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Notes

1. A.E. Kazdin, "Developmental Psychopathology: Current Research, Issues, and Directions," American Psychologist 44(1989):180-187.
   
   
2. W. James, Psychology (New York: Fawcett, 1963 [Original work published in 1892]); and C.L. Jewett, Helping Children Cope with Separation and Loss (Boston: The Harvard Common Press, 1982).
   
   
3. S. Harter, "Developmental Perspectives of the Self System," in E.M. Hetherington, ed., Handbook of Child Psychology: Social and Personality Development (New York: Wiley, 1983).
   
   
4. Ibid.
   
   
5. A. Bandura, Social Foundation of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986).
   
   
6. B.F. Skinner, The Behavior of Organisms (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1938).
   
   
7. R. Kegan, The Evolving Self: Problems and Process in Human Development (Boston: Harvard University Press, 1982).
   
   
8. M.D.S. Ainsworth, et al., Patterns of Attachment (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1978).
   
   
9. Kegan, The Evolving Self: Problems and Process in Human Development.
   
   
10. J. Garbarino, Children and Families in the Social Environment (New York: Aldine Publishing Company, 1982).
    
    
11. Ibid.
    
    
12. A. Salter, C.M. Richardson, and S.W. Kairys, "Caring for Abused Preschoolers," Child Welfare 64(1985):343-356.
    
    
13. J.L. Aber, et al., "The Effects of Maltreatment on Development During Early Childhood: Recent Studies and Their Theoretical, Clinical, and Policy Implications," in D. Cicchetti and V. Carlson, eds., Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
    
    
14. M.D.S. Ainsworth, "Attachment and Child Abuse," in G. Gerber, C.J. Ross, and E. Zigler, eds., Child Abuse Reconsidered: An Agenda for Action (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980).
    
    
15. P.M. Crittenden and M.D.S. Ainsworth, "Child Maltreatment and Attachment Theory," in D. Cicchetti and V. Carlson, eds., Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
    
    
16. M.A. Lynch and J. Roberts, Consequences of Child Abuse (New York: Academic Press, 1978).
    
    
17. P.M. Crittenden, "Abusing, Neglecting, Problematic, and Adequate Dyads: Differentiating By Patterns of Interactions," Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 27(1981):1-18.
    
    
18. P.M. Crittenden, "Relationships At Risk," in J. Belsky and T. Nezworksi, eds., Clinical Implications of Attachment Theory. (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1988).
    
    
19. R.E. Helfer, "The Developmental Basis of Child Abuse and Neglect: An Epidemiological Approach," in R.E. Helfer and R.S. Kempe, eds., The Battered Child, 4th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
    
    
20. R. Galdston, "Violence Begins at Home: The Parents Center for the Study and Prevention of Child Abuse," Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 10(1971):336-350.
    
    
21. A.H. Green, "Psychiatric Treatment of Abused Children," Journal of American Academy of Child Psychiatry 17(1978):356-371.
    
    
22. E. Mueller and N. Silverman, "Peer Relations in Maltreated Children," in D. Cicchetti and V. Carlson, eds., Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
    
    
23. H.P. Martin, The Abused Child: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Developmental Issues and Treatment (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Co., 1976).
    
    
24. M.A. Baron, R.L. Bejar, and P.J. Sheaff, "Neurological Manifestations of the Battered Child Syndrome," Pediatrics 45(1970):1003-1007.
    
    
25. J. Caffey, "On the Theory and Practice of Shaking Infants: Its Potential Residual Affects of Permanent Brain Damage and Mental Retardation," American Journal of Diseases of Childhood 124(1972): 161-169.
    
    
26. E. Elmer and G.S. Gregg, "Developmental Characteristics of Abused Children," Pediatrics 40(1967): 596-602.
    
    
27. Martin, The Abused Child: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Developmental Issues and Treatment.
    
    
28. Martin, The Abused Child: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Developmental Issues and Treatment.
    
    
29. C.B. Cole, "Differential Long-Term Effects of Child Sexual and Physical Abuse" (Ph.D. diss., University of Washington, Seattle, 1988).
    
    
30. G. Ryan, "Victim to Victimizer: Rethinking Victim Treatment," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 4(1989):325-341.
    
    
31. S. Brownmiller, Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape (New York: Bantam, 1975).
    
    
32. D.E.H. Russell, The Politics of Rape: The Victims Perspective (New York: Stein and Day, 1975).
    
    
33. Salter, Richardson, and Kairys, "Caring for Abused Preschoolers."
    
    
34. Ibid.
    
    
35. Helfer, "The Developmental Basis of Child Abuse and Neglect."
    
    
36. D. Finkelhor and A. Browne, "Initial and Long-Term Effects: A Conceptual Framework," in D. Finkelhor, ed., A Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1986).
    
    
37. F.S. Porter, L.C. Blick, and S.M. Sgroi, "Treatment of the Sexually Abused Child," in S.M. Sgroi, ed., Handbook of Clinical Intervention of Child Sexual Abuse (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1983).
    
    
38. J.W. Reich and S.E. Gutierres, "Escape/Aggression Incidence in Sexually Abused Juvenile Delinquents," Criminal Justice and Behavior 6(1979):239-243.
    
    
39. J. Briere, "The Long-Term Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Defining a Post-Sexual-Abuse Syndrome," paper presented at the Third National Conference on Sexual Victimization of Children, Washington, DC, 1984.
    
    
40. C. Courtois, "The Incest Experience and Its Aftermath," Victimology: An International Journal 4(1979):337-347.
    
    
41. K. Meiselman, Incest: A Psychological Study of Causes and Effects With Treatment Recommendations (San Francisco: Jossey Bass, 1979).
    
    
42. M. DeYoung, Sexual Victimization of Children (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1982).
    
    
43. J. Herman, Father-Daughter Incest (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981).
    
    
44. D.E.H. Russell, Sexual Exploitation: Rape, Child Sexual Abuse, Sexual Harassment (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1984).
    
    
45. N.S. Ellerstein and W. Canavan, "Sexual Abuse of Boys," American Journal of Diseases in Children 134(1980):255-257.
    
    
46. S. Sgroi, "Kids with Clap: Gonorrhea as an Indicator of Child Sexual Assault," Victimology: An International Journal 2(1977):251-267.
    
    
47. M.J. Spencer and P. Dunklee, "Sexual Abuse of Boys," Pediatrics 78(1986):133-138.
    
    
48. Ibid.
    
    
49. Tufts' New England Medical Center, Division of Child Psychiatry, "Sexually Exploited Children: Service and Research Project," Final Report (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 1984).
    
    
50. American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., rev. (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1987).
    
    
51. W.N. Friedrich, A.J. Urquiza, and R. Beilke, "Behavior Problems in Sexually Abused Young Children," Journal of Pediatric Psychology 11(1986):47-57.
    
    
52. Tufts New England Center, "Sexually Exploited Children: Service and Research Project."
    
    
53. W.N. Friedrich and W.J. Luecke, "Young School-Age Sexually Aggressive Children," Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 19(1988):155-164.
    
    
54. A.W. Burgess and R. D. Conger, "Family Interaction Patterns Related to Child Abuse and Neglect: Preliminary Findings," Child Abuse and Neglect 1(1977): 269-277.
    
    
55. R.L. Geiser and M. Norberta, "Sexual Disturbance in Young Children," The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing (May-June 1976):187-194.
    
    
56. D.B. Langsley, M.N. Schwartz, and R.H. Fairbairn, "Father-Son Incest," Comprehensive Psychiatry 9(1968):218-226.
    
    
57. J.V. Becker, "The Effects of Child Sexual Abuse on Adolescent Sexual Offenders," in G.E. Wyatt and G.J. Powell, eds., Lasting Effects of Child Sexual Abuse (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1988).
    
    
58. N. Groth, "Sexual Trauma in the Life Histories of Rapists and Child Molesters," Victimology: An International Journal 4(1979):10-16.
    
    
59. R.I. Lanyon, "Theory and Treatment of Child Molestation," Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 54(1986):176-182.
    
    
60. Ryan, "Victim to Victimizer: Rethinking Victim Treatment."
    
    
61. Friedrich, Urquiza, and Beilke, "Behavior Problems in Sexually Abused Young Children."
    
    
62. W.N. Friedrich, R. Beilke, and A.J. Urquiza, "Behavior Problems in Young Sexually Abused Boys," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 3(1988):1-12.
    
    
63. W.N. Friedrich, A.J. Urquiza, and R. L. Beilke, "Children from Sexually Abusive Families: A Behavioral Comparison," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2(1987):391-402.
    
    
64. Tufts' New England Medical Center, "Sexually Exploited Children: Service and Research Project."
    
    
65. V. DeFrancis, Protecting the Child Victim of Sex Crimes Committed by Adults (Denver, CO: American Humane Association, 1969).
    
    
66. J. Bowlby, Attachment and Loss, 3 vols. (New York: Basic Books, 1969-1980).
    
    
67. Harter, "Developmental Perspectives of the Self System."
    
    
68. T. Gaensbauer and R.J. Harmon, "Attachment Behavior in Abused/Neglected and Premature Infants: Implications for the Concept of Attachment," in R.N. Emde and R.J. Harmon, eds., The Development of Attachment and Affiliative Systems (New York: Plenum Press, 1982).
    
    
69. C. Howes and M.P. Espinoza, "The Consequences of Child Abuse for the Formation of Relationships with Peers," Child Abuse and Neglect 9(1985):397-404.
    
    
70. Helfer, "The Developmental Basis of Child Abuse and Neglect: An Epidemiological Approach."
    
    
71. L.A. Sroufe and J. Fleeson, "Attachment and the Construction of Relationships," in W.W. Hartup and Z. Rubin, eds., Relationships and Development (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
    
    
72. M. Main and R. Goldwyn, "Predicting Rejection of Her Infant from Mother's Representation of Her Own Experience: Implications for the Abused-Abusing Intergenerational Cycle," Child Abuse and Neglect 8(1984):203-217.
    
    
73. D. Hoffman-Plotkin and C. Twentyman, "A Multimodal Assessment of Behavioral and Cognitive Deficits in Abused and Neglected Preschoolers," Child Development 55(1984):794-802.
    
    
74. Howes and Espinoza, "The Consequences of Child Abuse to the Formation of Relationships with Peers."
    
    
75. R.E. Helfer, "Malnutrition and Growth Retardation ('Failure to Thrive') in the Context of Child Abuse and Neglect," in R.E. Helfer and R.S. Kempe, eds., The Battered Child, 4th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
    
    
76. E. Elmer, G.S. Gregg, and P. Ellison, "Late Results of the 'Failure to Thrive' Syndrome," Clinical Pediatrics 8(1969):584-589.
    
    
77. D. Finkelhor, Child Sexual Abuse: New Theory and Research (New York: Free Press, 1984).
    
    
78. Helfer, "The Developmental Basis of Child Abuse and Neglect: An Epidemiological Approach."
    
    
79. Crittenden, "Abusing, Neglecting, Problematic, and Adequate Dyads: Differentiating by Patterns of Interactions."
    
    
80. A.A. Lazarus, Behavior Therapy and Beyond (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971).
    
    
81. A.A. Lazarus, Multi-Modal Behavior Therapy (New York: Springer, 1976).
    
    
82. F.G. Bolton, L.A. Morris, and A.E. MacEachron, Males at Risk: The Other Side of Sexual Abuse (Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1989).
    
    
83. J. Kaufman and E. Zigler, "The Intergenerational Transmission of Abuse," in D. Cicchetti and V. Carlson, eds., Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
    
    
84. L.A. Sroufe and M. Rutter, "The Domain of Developmental Psychopathology," Child Development 55(1984):17-29.
    
    
85. T.M. Achenbach, Assessment and Taxonomy of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985).
    
    
86. Harter, "Developmental Perspectives of the Self System."
    
    
87. K.L. Bierman, "Cognitive Development and Clinical Interviews with Children," in B.B. Lahey and A.E. Kazdin, eds., Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, vol. 6 (New York: Plenum Press, 1983).
    
    
88. M. Rubio-Stipec, H. Bird, G. Canino, and M. Gould, "The Internal Consistency and Concurrent Validity of a Spanish Translation of the Child Behavior Checklist," Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 158(1991):393-406.
    
    
89. J.R. Mercer and J.F. Lewis, System of Multicultural Pluralistic Assessment (SOMPA) (New York: Psychological Corporation, 1978).
    
    
90. R.L. Williams, "The BITCH-100: A Culture-Specific Test," paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, HI, 1972.
    
    
91. A.L. Edwards, The Social Desirability Variable in Personality Assessment and Research (New York: Dryden Press, 1957).
    
    
92. V.C. Crandell, V.J. Drandell, and W. Kratkovsky, "A Child's Social Desirability Scale," Journal of Consulting Psychology 29(1965):27-36.
    
    
93. R.M.Dawes, D. Faust, and P.E. Meehl, "Clinical Versus Actuarial Judgment," Science 243(1989): 1668-1674.
    
    
94. P.E. Meehl, Clinical Versus Statistical Prediction (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1954).
    
    
95. E. Hammer, The Clinical Application of Projective Drawings (Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1980).
    
    
96. R.Burns, Kinetic-House-Tree-Person Drawings: An Interpretive Manual (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1987).
    
    
97. D. Harris, Children's Drawings as Measures of Intellectual Maturity (New York: Harcourt, Brace, World, 1963).
    
    
98. H.A. Murray, Explorations in Personality (New York: Oxford University Press, 1938).
    
    
99. L. Bellack, The TAT, CAT, and SAT in Clinical Use, 3rd ed. (New York: Grune & Stratt, 1975).
    
    
100. J.E. Exner, The Rorschach: A Comprehensive System, vol. 2, Current Research and Advanced Interpretation (New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1978).
     
     
101. A.S. Kaufman and N. L. Kaufman, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, 1983).
     
     
102. American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
     
     
103. A.J. Costello and C.S. Edelbrock, "Validity of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children: A Comparison Between Psychiatric and Pediatric Referrals," Journal of Abnormal Child Psychiatry 13(1985):579-595.
     
     
104. J. Puig-Antich and W. Chambers, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (Kiddie-SADS) (New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1978).
     
     
105. T.M. Achenbach and C.S. Edelbrock, "The Child Behavior Profile: Boys Aged 6-11," Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 47(1978):478-488; and T.M. Achenbach and C.S. Edelbrock, "The Child Behavior Profile II: Boys Aged 12-16 and Girls Aged 6-11 and 12-16," Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 47(1978):223-233.
     
     
106. S.S. Sparrow, D.A. Balla, and D.V. Cicchetti, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: Revised (Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, 1984).
     
     
107. N. Fredman and R. Sherman, Handbook of Measurements for Marriage and Family Therapy (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1987).
     
     
108. A.J. Urquiza, et al., "Screening and Evaluating Abused and Neglected Children Entering Protective Custody," Child Welfare, in press.
     
     
109. A. McIntyre and T.Y. Keesle, "Psychological Disorders Among Foster Children," Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 15(1986):297-303.
     
     
110. A.McIntyre, et al., "Psychosocial Characteristics of Foster Children," Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 9(1988):125-137.
     
     
111. A.J. Urquiza and S. Wirtz, "The Assessment of Children Entering Protective Custody: Result of the Screening and Evaluation Project," paper presented at the 10th Annual Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 1991.
     
     
112. E.H. Erikson, Identity, Youth and Crisis (New York: Norton, 1968).
     
     
113. Kegan, The Evolving Self: Problems and Process in Human Development.
     
     
114. M.E. Lamb, The Role of the Father in Child Development (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1976).
     
     
115. D.N. Stern, The Interpersonal World of the Infant: A View from Psychoanalysis and Developmental Psychology (New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1985).
     
     
116. J. Bowlby, Attachment and Loss. Volume II. Separation: Anxiety and Anger (New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1973).
     
     
117. E.J. Anthony and B. J. Cohler (eds.), The Invulnerable Child (New York: The Guildford Press, 1987).
     
     
118. S.E. Taylor, "Adjustment to Life Threatening Events: A Theory of Cognitive Adaptation," American Psychologist 38(1983):1161-1173.
     
     
119. M.S. Mahler, "The Selected Papers of Margaret S. Mahler: Separation-Individuation," (New York: Jason Aronson, 1979).
     
     
120. M.S. Mahler, F. Pine, A. Bergman, The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant (New York: Basic Books, 1978).
     
     
121. D.W. Winnicott, Playing and Reality (London: Tavistock, 1975).
     
     
122. Ibid.
     
     
123. A. Eldridge and M. Finnican "Applications of Self Psychology to the Problem of Child Abuse," Clinical Social Work Journal 13(1985):50-61.
     
     
124. J. Cashdan, Object Relations Therapy: Using the Relationship (New York: Norton, 1988).
     
     
125. H.F. Searles, Counter-transference and Related Subjects (New York: International Universities Press, 1979).
     
     
126. A.T. Beck, Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders (New York: New American Library, 1976).
     
     
127. G. Patterson, Living with Children: New Methods for Parents and Teachers (Champaign, IL: Research Press, 1980).
     
     
128. L. Berliner and J. R. Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2(1987):415-434.
     
     
129. W.N. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families (New York: Norton, 1991).
     
     
130. S. Minuchin, Families and Family Therapy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974).
     
     
131. J. Haley, Problem-Solving Therapy: New Strategies for Effective Family Therapy (New York: Harper Colophon Books, 1976).
     
     
132. B. Montalvo and J. Haley, "In Defense of Child Therapy," Family Process 12(1973):227-244.
     
     
133. D. Cicchetti, "How Research on Child Maltreatment Has Informed the Study of Child Development: Perspectives from Developmental Psychopathology," in D. Cicchetti and V. Carlson, eds., Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
     
     
134. D. Finkelhor, A Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1986).
     
     
135. G. Ryan, et al., "Juvenile Sex Offenders: Development and Correction," Child Abuse and Neglect 2(1987):385-395.
     
     
136. N.A. Groth, "The Adolescent Sexual Offender and His Prey," International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 21(1977):249-254.
     
     
137. L. Berliner and J.R. Conte, "The Process of Victimization: The Victim's Perspective," Child Abuse and Neglect 14(1990):29-40.
     
     
138. J. Briere, "The Long-Term Clinical Correlates of Childhood Sexual Victimization," Annals New York Academy of Sciences 528(1988):327-334.
     
     
139. J. Garbarino, E. Guttmann, and J.W. Seeley, The Psychologically Battered Child: Strategies for Identification, Assessment, and Intervention (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1987).
     
     
140. D.J. Gelinas, "The Persisting Negative Effects of Incest," Psychiatry 46(1983):312-322.
     
     
141. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families.
     
     
142. T.R. Bajt and K.S. Pope, "Therapist-Patient Sexual Intimacy Involving Children and Adolescents. Special Issue. Children and Their Development: Knowledge Base, Research Agenda, and Social Policy Application," American Psychologist 44(1989): 455.
     
     
143. A. J. Einbender, "Treatment in the Absence of Maternal Support," in W.N. Friedrich, ed., Casebook of Sexual Abuse Treatment (New York: W.W. Norton & CO., Inc., 1991).
     
     
144. Ibid.
     
     
145. M.J. Krieger, "Developing an Internalized Protector," in W.N. Friedrich, ed., Casebook of Sexual Abuse Treatment (New York: W.W. Norton & CO., Inc., 1991).
     
     
146. A.H. Schmale and G.L. Engle, "The Role of Conservation -- Withdrawal in Depressive Reactions," in E.J. Anthony and E.P. Benedek, eds., Depression and Human Existence (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1975).
     
     
147. Briere, "The Long-Term Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Defining a Post-Sexual-Abuse Syndrome."
     
     
148. E. Gil, Treatment of Adult Survivors of Childhood Abuse (Walnut Creek, CA: Launch Press, 1988).
     
     
149. C. Courtois, Healing the Incest Wound: Adult Survivors in Therapy (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1986).
     
     
150. R. Barker, Using Metaphors in Psychotherapy (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1985).
     
     
151. J.C. Mills and R. J. Crowley, Therapeutic Metaphors for Children and the Child Within (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1986).
     
     
152. J. Haaken and A. Schlaps, "Incest Resolution Therapy and the Objectification of Sexual Abuse," Psychotherapy 28(1991):39-47.
     
     
153. S. Lamb, "Treating Sexually Abused Children: Issues of Blame and Responsibility," American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56(1985):303-307.
     
     
154. J.P. Shapiro, "Interviewing Children About Sexual Abuse," Psychotherapy 28(1991):55-66.
     
     
155. Gil, Treatment of Adult Survivors of Childhood Abuse.
     
     
156. Berliner and Conte, "The Process of Victimization: The Victim's Perspective."
     
     
157. Ibid.
     
     
158. J. Conte, S. Wolf, and T. Smith, "What Sexual Offenders Tell Us About Prevention: Preliminary Findings," Child Abuse and Neglect 13(1989):293-301.
     
     
159. Ibid.
     
     
160. I. Yalom, The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy (New York: Basic Books, 1975).
     
     
161. Gillert, Durfee, and Berkowitz, "Developing Guidelines for HIV Antibody Testing Among Victims of Pediatric Sexual Abuse," Child Abuse and Neglect 14(1990):9-17.
     
     
162. M. Finkel, "Medical: Guidelines for HIV Testing of Sexually Abused Children," American Professional Society of the Abuse of Children: The Advisor 3(1990):8.
     
     
163. Porter, Blick, and Sgroi, "Treatment of the Sexually Abused Child."
     
     
164. K.C. Faller, Child Sexual Abuse: An Interdisciplinary Manual for Diagnosis, Case Management and Treatment (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988).
     
     
165. D. Cicchetti and R. Rizley, "Developmental Perspectives on the Etiology, Intergenerational Transmission, and Sequelae of Child Maltreatment," New Directions for Child Development 11(1981):31-55.
     
     
166. Cicchetti, "How Research on Child Maltreatment Has Informed the Study of Child Development: Perspectives from Developmental Psychopathology."
     
     
167. D.A. Wolfe, Child Abuse: Implications for Child Development and Psychopathology (Newbury Park: Sage, 1987).
     
     
168. G. Patterson, Living With Children: New Methods of Parents and Teachers (Champaign, IL: Research Press, 1980).
     
     
169. R. Dreikurs, Children: The Challenge (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1964).
     
     
170. A.W. Burgess, C. R. Hartman, and A. McCormack, "Abused to Abuser: Antecedents of Socially Deviant Behaviors," American Journal of Psychiatry 44(1987):1431-1436.
     
     
171. A.N. Groth, "The Adolescent Sexual Offender and His Prey," International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 21(1977):249-254.
     
     
172. Herman, Father-Daughter Incest.
     
     
173. Porter, Blick, and Sgroi, "Treatment of the Sexually Abused Child."
     
     
174. T.C. Johnson, "Child Perpetrators - Children Who Molest Other Children: Preliminary Findings," Child Abuse and Neglect 12(1988):219-229.
     
     
175. G. Ryan, "Victim to Victimizer: Rethinking Victim Treatment. Seventeenth Annual Child Abuse and Neglect Symposium, 1988, Keystone, Colorado," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 3(1989):325-341.
     
     
176. R.E. Longo and A.N. Groth, "Juvenile Sexual Offenses in the Histories of Adult Rapists and Child Molesters," International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 27(1983):150-155.
     
     
177. G. R. Patterson, B.D. DeBaryshe, and E. Ramsay, "A Developmental Perspective on Antisocial Behavior," American Psychologist 44(1989): 329-335.
     
     
178. Wolfe, Child Abuse: Implications for Child Development and Psychopathology.
     
     
179. A. Browne and D. Finkelhor, "The Impact of Child Sexual Abuse: A Review of the Research," Psychological Bulletin 99(1986):66-77.
     
     
180. 18 W.N. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families (New York: Norton and Company, 1990).
     
     
181. D.H. Schetky and A.H. Green, Child Sexual Abuse: A Handbook for Health Care and Legal Professional (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1988).
     
     
182. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
183. A.H. Green, "Children Traumatized by Physical Abuse," in S. Eth and R. Pynoos, eds., Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Children (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1985).
     
     
184. E.P. Benedek, "Children and Psychic Trauma: A Brief Review of Contemporary Thinking," in S. Eth and R.S. Pynoos, eds., Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1985).
     
     
185. Green, "Children Traumatized by Psychological Abuse."
     
     
186. L. Terr, Too Scared to Cry. Psychic Trauma in Childhood (New York: Harper and Row, 1990).
     
     
187. van der Kolk, Psychological Trauma (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1987).
     
     
188. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families.
     
     
189. Ibid.
     
     
190. Cotton, Stress Management: An Integrated Approach to Therapy (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1990).
     
     
191. M. Horowitz, Stress Response Syndromes (Northvale, NJ: Aronson Inc., 1986).
     
     
192. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
193. D.H. Barlow, Anxiety and Its Disorders: The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety and Panic (New York: Guilford, 1988). "
     
     
194. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
195. Ibid.
     
     
196. Ibid.
     
     
197. M. Rutter, C.E. Izard, and P. Read, Depression in Young People: Developmental and Clinical Perspectives (New York: Guildford Press, 1986).
     
     
198. G. Stovall and R.J. Craig "Mental Representations of Physically and Sexually Abused Latency Aged Females," Child Abuse and Neglect 14(1990):233-242.
     
     
199. P.P. Riecker and E.H. Carmen, "The Victim-to-Patient Process: The Disconfirmation and Transformation of Abuse," American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56(1986):360-370.
     
     
200. Porter, Blick, and Sgroi, "Treatment of the Sexually Abused Child."
     
     
201. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
202. S. Lamb, "Treating Sexually Abused Children: Issues of Blame and Responsibility," American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56(1985):303-307.
     
     
203. Ibid.
     
     
204. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
205. J.P. Shapiro, "Interviewing Children About Sexual Abuse," Psychotherapy 28(1991):55-66.
     
     
206. Berliner and Wheeler, "Treating the Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children."
     
     
207. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families.
     
     
208. Bowlby, Attachment and Loss.
     
     
209. E. Kubler-Ross, On Death and Dying (New York: MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1969).
     
     
210. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families.
     
     
211. C.L. Jewett, Helping Children Cope with Separation and Loss (Boston, MA: Harvard Common Press, 1982).
     
     
212. Ibid.
     
     
213. J.I. Vondra, D. Barnett, and D. Cicchetti, "Self-Concept, Motivation, and Competence Among Preschoolers from Maltreating and Comparison Families," Child Abuse and Neglect 14(1990):525-540.
     
     
214. G.E. Wyatt and M. Newcomb, "Internal and External Mediators of Women's Sexual Abuse in Childhood," Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 58(1990):758-767.
     
     
215. D. Davies and D. Montegna, "Practice: Strategies for Coping with Avoidant Children," American Professional Society of the Abuse of Children: The Advisor 3(1990):8.
     
     
216. L. Damon, J. Todd, and K. MacFarlane, "Treatment Issues with Sexually Abused Young Children," Child Welfare 66(1987):125-137.
     
     
217. Patterson, DeBaryshe, and Ramsay, "A Developmental Perspective on Antisocial Behavior."
     
     
218. A.E. Kazdin, "Treatment of Antisocial Behavior in Children: Current Status and Future Directions," Psychological Bulletin 102(1987):187-203.
     
     
219. Patterson, DeBaryshe, and Ramsay, "A Developmental Perspective on Antisocial Behavior."
     
     
220. J. Sebold, "Indicators of Child Sexual Abuse in Males," Social Casework: The Journal of Contemporary Social Work (1987):75-80.
     
     
221. Browne and Finkelhor, "The Impact of Child Sexual Abuse: A Review of the Research."
     
     
222. Faller, Child Sexual Abuse: An Interdisciplinary Manual for Diagnosis, Case Management and Treatment.
     
     
223. Friedrich, Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families.
     
     
224. Schetky and Green, Child Sexual Abuse: A Handbook for Health Care and Legal Professional.

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You are in section: Table of Contents Attribution Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 - Child Development and… 2 - Consequences of Abuse and… 3 - Assessment of Child… 4 - Therapy 5 - Treatment Issues for… 6 - Case Management Conclusion Notes Glossary of Terms Selected Bibliography Other Resources

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Updated on October 9, 2009