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A Coordinated Response to Child Abuse and Neglect: The Foundation for Practice
User Manual Series (2003)

Author(s):  Office on Child Abuse and Neglect (HHS) Goldman, Salus, Wolcott, Kennedy

Year Published:  2003

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You are in section: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 - Purpose and Overview 2 - What Are the Philosophical… 3 - What Is Child Maltreatment? 4 - What Is the Scope of the… 5 - What Factors Contribute to… 6 - What Are the Consequences of… 7 - What Can Be Done to Prevent… 8 - What Laws and Policies Guide… 9 - What Does the Child Protection… 10 - Who Should Be Involved in… 11 - How Can Organizations Work… Endnotes Appendix A - Glossary of Terms Appendix B - Resource Listings Appendix C - Child Abuse…

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Endnotes

¹ Rycus, J. S., & Hughes, R. C. (1998). Family-centered child protection: An integrated model of child welfare practice assuring children's rights to protection and permanence. Columbus, OH: Institute for Human Services. back

² Child Abuse and Prevention Act (1996), 42 U.S.C. 5106g, SEC.111 (6). back

³ Dubowitz, H. (2000). What is physical abuse? In H. Dubowitz & D. DePanfilis (Eds.), Handbook for child protection practice (pp. 16-17). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

⁴ Berliner, L. (2000). What is sexual abuse? In H. Dubowitz & D. DePanfilis (Eds.), Handbook for child protection practice (pp. 18-22). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

⁵ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth and Families. (2002). Child maltreatment 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. back

⁶ Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect (NIS-3). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. back

⁷ Zuravin, S. J. (1991). Research definitions of child physical abuse and neglect: Current problems. In R. H. Starr & D. A. Wolfe (Eds.), The effects of child abuse and neglect (pp. 100-128). New York, NY: The Guildford Press. back

⁸ English, D. (1999). Evaluation and risk assessment of child neglect in public child protection services. In H. Dubowitz (Ed.), Neglected children: Research, practice, and policy (pp. 191-210). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

⁹ Egeland, B. (1988). The consequences of physical and emotional neglect on the development of young children. In Child neglect monograph: Proceedings from a symposium (pp. 7-19). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. back

¹⁰ Hart, S., & Brassard, M. (1995). Psychosocial evaluation of suspected psychological maltreatment in children and adolescents: APSAC practice guidelines (p. 2). Chicago, IL: American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (APSAC). back

¹¹ Hart, S., & Brassard, M. (1991). Psychological maltreatment: Progress achieved. Development and Psychology, 3, 61-70; Hart, S., Brassard, M., & Karlson, H. (1996). Psychological maltreatment. In J. Briere, L. Berliner, J. Bulkley, C. Jenny, & T. Reid (Eds.), The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment (pp. 72-89). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

¹² U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹³ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹⁴ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹⁵ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹⁶ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹⁷ Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). back

¹⁸ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). back

¹⁹ Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). back

²⁰ Chalk, R., & King, R. A. (Eds.). (1998). Family violence and family violence interventions. In Violence in families: Assessing prevention and treatment programs (pp. 31-58). Washington, DC: National Academy Press; National Research Council. (1993). Understanding child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; Belsky, J. (1993). Etiology of child maltreatment: A developmental-ecological analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 413-434. back

²¹ National Research Council. (1993); Black, D. A., Heyman, R. E., & Smith Slep, A. M. (2001a). Risk factors for child physical abuse. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 6, 121-188. Schumacher, J., Smith Slep, A. M., & Heyman, R. E. (2001). Risk factors for child neglect. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 6, 231-254; Polansky, N. A., Gaudin, J. M., Jr., & Kilpatrick, A. C. (1992). The maternal characteristics scale: A cross validation. Child Welfare League of America, 71, 271-280; Christensen, M. J., Brayden, R. M., Dietrich, M. S., McLaughlin, F. J., Sherrod, K. B., & Altemeier, W. A. (1994). The prospective assessment of self-concept in neglectful and physically abusive low-income mothers. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18(3), 225-232; Rohrbeck, C. A., & Twentyman, C. T. (1986). Multimodal assessment of impulsiveness in abusing, neglectful, and nonmaltreating mothers and their preschool children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(2), 231-236. Dinwiddie, S. H., & Bucholz, K. K. (1993). Psychiatric diagnoses of self-reported child abusers. Child Abuse and Neglect, 17(4), 465-476; Dubowitz, H. (1995). Child neglect: Child, mother, and family functioning. Baltimore, MD: University of Maryland, School of Medicine; Paradise, J. E., Rose, L., Sleeper, L. A., & Nathanson, M. (1994). Behavior, family function, school performance and predictors of persistent disturbance in sexually abused children. Pediatrics 93, 452-459; Chaffin, M., Kelleher, K., & Hollenberg, J. (1996). Onset of physical abuse and neglect: Psychiatric, substance abuse, and social risk factors from prospective community data. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(3), 191-203; Pianta, R., Egeland, B., & Erickson, M. F. (1989). The antecedents of maltreatment: Results of the mother-child interaction research project. In D. Cicchetti & V. Carlson (Eds.), Child maltreatment: Theory and research on the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect (pp. 203-253). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. back

²² Chalk, R., & King, R. A. (Eds.). (1998); Melnick, B., & Hurley, J .R. (1969). Distinctive personality attributes of child-abusing mothers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(6), 746-749. back

²³ Kaufman, J., & Zigler, E. (1993). The intergenerational transmission of abuse is overstated. In R. J. Gelles & D. Loseke (Eds.), Current controversies on family violence (pp. 209-221). Newbury Park, CA: Sage; Widom, C. S. (1992). The cycle of violence. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice; National Research Council, (1993); Finkelhor, D., Moore, D., Hamby, S. L., & Strauss, M. A. (1997). Sexually abused children in a national survey of parents: Methodological issues. Child Abuse and Neglect, 21(1), 1-9; Hemenway, D., Solnick, S., & Carter, J. (1994). Child-rearing violence. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18(12), 1011-1020; Whipple, E. E., & Webster-Stratton, C. (1991). The role of parental stress in physically abusive families. Child Abuse and Neglect, 15(3), 279-291. back

²⁴ Kaufman, J., & Zigler, E. (1993). back

²⁵ Gelles, R. J. (1998). The youngest victims: Violence toward children. In R. K. Bergen (Ed.), Issues in intimate violence (pp. 5-24). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

²⁶ Kaufman, J., & Zigler, E. (1993). back

²⁷ National Research Council. (1993). back

²⁸ Egeland, B., Jacobvitz, D., & Papatola, K. (1987). Intergenerational continuity of abuse. In R. J. Gelles & J. B. Lancaster (Eds.), Child abuse and neglect: Biosocial dimensions (pp. 255-276). Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter; Zuravin, S. J., McMillen, C., DePanfilis, D., & Risley-Curtiss, C. (1996). The intergenerational cycle of maltreatment: Continuity versus discontinuity. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11(3), 315-334. back

²⁹ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. (1999). Blending perspectives and building common ground: A report to congress on substance abuse and child protection (p. 41). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; Young, N. K., Gardner, S. L., & Dennis, K. (1998). Facing the problem. In Responding to alcohol and other drug problems in child welfare: Weaving together practice and policy (pp. 1-26). Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA) Press. back

³⁰ Jaudes, P. K., Ekwo, E., & Van Voorhis, J. (1995). Association of drug abuse and child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19(9), 1065-1075; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (1993). Study of child maltreatment in alcohol abusing families. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; Famularo, R., Kinsheriff, R., & Fenton, T. (1992). Parental substance abuse and the nature of child maltreatment. Child Abuse and Neglect, 16(4), 475-483; Kelleher, K., Chaffin, M., Hollenberg, J., & Fischer, E. (1994). Alcohol and drug disorders among physically abusive and neglectful parents in a community-based sample. American Journal of Public Health, 84(10), 1586-1590. back

³¹ Jaudes, P. K., Ekwo, E., & Van Voorhis, J. (1995). Association of drug abuse and child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19(9), 1065-1075. back

³² U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1993). back

³³ Zuckerman, B. (1994). Effects on parents and children. In D. J. Besharov (Ed.), When drug addicts have children: Reorienting child welfare's response (pp. 49-63). Washington, DC: CWLA Press. back

³⁴ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1999); Hans, S. (1995). Diagnosis in etiologic and epidemiologic studies. In C. Jones & M. De La Rosa (Eds.), Methodological issues: etiology and consequences of drug abuse among women. Washington, DC: National Institute on Drug Abuse; Tarter, R., Blackson, T., Martin, C., Loeber, R., & Moss, H. (1993). Characteristics and correlates of child discipline practices in substance abuse and normal families. American Journal on Addictions, 2(1), 18-25; Kumpfer, K. L., & Bayes, J. (1995). Child abuse and drugs. In J. H. Jaffe (Ed.), The encyclopedia of drugs and alcohol (Vol. 1, pp. 217-222). New York, NY: Simon & Shuster. back

³⁵ Landdeck-Sisco, J. (1997, April). Children with prenatal drug and/or alcohol exposure. Retrieved May 9, 2002, from http://www.archrespite.org/archfs49.htm. back

³⁶ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1999). back

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³⁹ National Research Council. (1993); Black, D. A. et al. (2001a); Larrance, D. T., & Twentyman, C. T. (1983). Maternal attributions and child abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92, 449-457; Zuravin, S. J., & Taylor, R. (1987). The ecology of child maltreatment: Identifying and characterizing high-risk neighborhoods. Child Welfare, 66, 497-506. back

⁴⁰ Black, D. A. et al. (2001a); Larrance, D. T., & Twentyman, C. T. (1983); Williamson, J. M., Bordin, C. M., & Howe, B. A.. (1991). The ecology of adolescent maltreatment: A multilevel examination of adolescent physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(3) 449-457; Twentyman, C. T., & Plotkin, R. C. (1982). Unrealistic expectations of parents who maltreat their children: An educational deficit that pertains to child development. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38, 407-503. back

⁴¹ Milner, J. S., & Dopke, C. (1997). Child physical abuse: Review of offender characteristics. In D. A. Wolfe, R. J. McMahon, & R. D. Peters, (Eds.), Child abuse: New directions in prevention and treatment across the lifespan (pp. 27-53). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

⁴² National Research Council. (1993); Schumacher, J. A. et al. (2000). back

⁴³ Black, D. A. et al. (2001a); Straus, M. A., Hamby, S. L., Finkelhor, D., Moore, D. W., & Runyan, D. (1998). Identification of child maltreatment with the parent-child conflict tactics scales: Development and psychometric data for a national sample of American parents. Child Abuse and Neglect 22, 249-270; Connelly, C. D., & Straus, M. A. (1992). Mother's age and risk for physical abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect 16(5), 709-718. back

⁴⁴ Buchholz, E. S,. & Korn-Bursztyn, C. (1993). Children of adolescent mothers: Are they at risk for abuse? Adolescence, 28, 361-382; Kinard, E. M., & Klerman, L. V. (1980). Teenage parenting and child abuse: Are they related? American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 50(3), 481-488. back

⁴⁵ Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996); Finkelhor, D. et al. (1997); Boney-McCoy, S., & Finkelhor, D. (1995). Prior victimization: A risk factor for child sexual abuse and for PTSD-related symptomatology among sexually abused youth. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19, 1401-1421 back

⁴⁶ Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. (1999). America's children: Key national indicators of well-being. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. back

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⁴⁸ Polansky, N. A., Gaudin, J. M., & Kilpatrick, A. C. (1992). Family radicals. Children and Youth Services Review, 14, 19-26. back

⁴⁹ Horn, W. F., & Sylvester, T. (2001). Father facts. back

⁵⁰ Edelson, J. L. (1999). The overlap between child maltreatment and woman battering. Violence Against Women, 5(2), 134-154; Appel, A. E., & Holden, G. W. (1998). The co-occurrence of spouse and physical child abuse: A review and appraisal. Journal of Family Psychology, 12(4), 578-599. back

⁵¹ Child Welfare Information Gateway. (1999). In harm's way: Domestic violence and child maltreatment. Washington, DC: Author. back

⁵² Margolin, G,. & John, R.S. (1997). Children's exposure to marital aggression. In G. K. Kantor & J. L. Jasinski (Eds.), Out of darkness: Contemporary perspectives on family violence (pp. 90-104). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Kolbo, J. R. (1996). Risk and resilience among children exposed to family violence, Violence and Victims, 11, 113-128. back

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You are in section: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 - Purpose and Overview 2 - What Are the Philosophical… 3 - What Is Child Maltreatment? 4 - What Is the Scope of the… 5 - What Factors Contribute to… 6 - What Are the Consequences of… 7 - What Can Be Done to Prevent… 8 - What Laws and Policies Guide… 9 - What Does the Child Protection… 10 - Who Should Be Involved in… 11 - How Can Organizations Work… Endnotes Appendix A - Glossary of Terms Appendix B - Resource Listings Appendix C - Child Abuse…

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Updated on October 9, 2009