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The Role of Educators in Preventing and Responding to Child Abuse and Neglect
User Manual Series (2003)

Author(s):  Office on Child Abuse and Neglect., Caliber Associates. Crosson-Tower

Year Published:  2003

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You are in section: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 - Purpose and Overview 2 - Identifying Reasons Why… 3 - Recognizing Child Abuse and… 4 - Reporting Child Abuse and… 5 - Providing Support After the… 6 - Preventing Child Abuse and… Endnotes Appendix A - Glossary of Terms Appendix B - Resource Listings… Appendix C - Child Abuse… Appendix D - Educators Checklist… Appendix E - Sample List of Contacts… Appendix F - Sample Report of Suspected…

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Endnotes

¹ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth and Families. (2003). Child maltreatment 2001 (pp. 21-23). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. back

² U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003). (pp. 7-8). back

³ Kenny, M. C. (2001). Child abuse reporting: Teachers' perceived deterrents. Child Abuse and Neglect, 25(1), 81-92; Reyome, N. D., & Gaeddert, W. (1998). Teachers' awareness of child and adolescent maltreatment. Child Study Journal, 28(2), 111-122. back

⁴ Sedlak, A. J., & Schultz, D. J. (1997). Follow-up to the NIS-3 and NCANDS studies: Sentinel questionnaire follow-up study. Final report (pp. 3-6). Rockville, MD: Westat, Inc. back

⁵ Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1999). Promoting safe educational and community environments. In A. J. Reynolds, H. J. Wallberg, & R. P. Weissberg (Eds.), Promoting positive outcomes: Issues in children's and families' lives (pp. 161-196). Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America. back

⁶ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002a). Why are educators so important in the lives of abused and neglected children? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. 3-7). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

⁷ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002b). What about the long-range picture? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. 136-155). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

⁸ Gershoff, E. T. (2002). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 539-579; Baumrind, D., Larzelere, R. E., & Cowan, P. A. (2002). Ordinary physical punishment: Is it harmful? Comment on Gershof. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 580-589; Rosemund, J. K., Straus, M. A., & Larzelere, R. E. (1994). Should the use of corporal punishment by parents be considered child abuse? In M. A. Mason & E. Gambrill (Eds.), Debating children's lives: Current controversies on children and adolescents (pp. 196-222). Thousand Oaks: Sage. back

⁹ Black, D., & Newman, M. (2000). Children: Secondary victims of domestic violence. In A. Shalev & R. Yehuda (Eds.), International handbook of human response to trauma (pp. 129-138). New York: Kluwer/Plenum Press; Asbury, J. (1999). What do we know now about spouse abuse and child abuse in families of color in the United States? In R. L. Hampton (Ed.), Family violence: Prevention and treatment (pp. 148-167). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Edleson, J. L. (1998). Responsible mothers and invisible men: Child protection in the case of adult domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(2), 294-298. back

¹⁰ Appelstein, D. C. (1998). No such thing as a bad kid. Weston, MA: The Gifford School back

¹¹ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002c). How can we recognize child abuse and neglect? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (p. 13). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

¹² Johnson, C. F. (2000). What are the telltale differences between abusive and noninflicted injuries? In H. Dubowitz & D. DePanfilis (Eds.), Handbook for child protection practice pp. 160-163). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Johnson, C. F. (1996). Physical abuse: Accidental versus intentional trauma in children. In J. Briere, L. Berliner, J. A. Bulkley, C. Jenny, & T. Reid (Eds.), The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment (pp. 206-226). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

¹³ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002c). (pp. 8-34). back

¹⁴ Egeland, B. (1997). Mediators of the effects of child maltreatment on developmental adaptation in adolescence. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Stratton (Eds.), Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology: Vol. VIII (pp. 403-434). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press; Erickson, M.F., Egeland, B., & Pianta, R. C. (1989). The effects of maltreatment on the development of young children. In D. Cicchetti & V. Carlson (Eds.), Child maltreatment: Theory and research on the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect (pp. 647-684). New York: Cambridge University Press. back

¹⁵ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003). (pp. 21, 52). back

¹⁶ Reyome, N. D., & Gaeddert, W. (1999). back

¹⁷ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002c). (pp. 8-34). back

¹⁸ Dubowitz, H., & DePanfilis, D. (2000). How do I screen caregivers if I suspect that they may be dangerous to themselves or their children? In Handbook for child protection practice (p. 111). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. back

¹⁹ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002d). How has the Internet put children at risk for abuse? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (p. 56). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

²⁰ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002d). (pp. 46-57). back

²¹ Donovan, P. (1997). Can statutory rape laws be effective in preventing adolescent pregnancy? [On-line]. Available: http://www.agi-usa.org/pubs/journals/2903097.html#2a. back

²² Curtis, D. G. (1997). Perspectives on acquaintance rape. [On-line]. Available: http://www.aaets.org/arts/art13.htm. back

²³ Snyder, H. N. (2000). Sexual Assault of Young Children as Reported to Law Enforcement: Victim, Incident, and Offender Characteristics (pp. 10-11). Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice. back

²⁴ Kilpatrick, D. G. (2000). Rape and sexual assault. [On-line]. Available: http://www.vawprevention.org/research/sa.shtml. back

²⁵ Laird, M., Eckenrode, J., & Doris, J. (1990). Maltreatment and the social and academic adjustment of school children. Final report. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University. back

²⁶ Eckenrode, J., Laird, M., & Doris, J. (1993). School performance and disciplinary problems among abused and neglected children. Developmental Psychology, 29(1), 53-62; Kendall-Tackett, K. A., & Eckenrode, J. (1996). The effects of neglect on academic achievement and disciplinary problems: A developmental perspective. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(3), 161-169; Trickett, P. K., & McBride-Chang, C. (1995). The developmental impact of different forms of child abuse and neglect. Developmental Review, 15(3), 311-337; Leiter, J., & Johnsen, M. C. (1994). Child maltreatment and school performance. American Journal of Education, 102(2), 154-189. back

²⁷ Wodarski, J. S., Kurtz, P. D., Gaudin, J. M., & Howing, P. T. (1989). Child maltreatment: Effects on school aged children's social and emotional development and school performance. Final report. Athens, GA: University of Georgia, School of Social Work. back

²⁸ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002e). How do I communicate with the abused/neglected child and the family? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. 106-113). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

²⁹ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002f). Preface. In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. vii-viii). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

³⁰ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002g). How can our schools be proactive? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. 93-105). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

³¹ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002g). back

³² Crosson-Tower, C. (2002g). back

³³ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002h). How do I make a report? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (p. 117). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

³⁴ Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1999). back

³⁵ Crosse, S. B., Kaye, E., & Ratnofsky, A. C. (1993). A report on the maltreatment of children with disabilities. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect; Sullivan, P. M., & Knutson, J. F. (2000). Maltreatment and disabilities: A population-based epidemiological study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 24(10), 1257-1273. back

³⁶ Crosse, S. B., et al. (1993). back

³⁷ Coltoff, P. (1998). Community schools: Education reform and partnership with our nation's social service agencies. Washington, DC: CWLA Press. back

³⁸ Romualdi, V., & Sandoval, J. (1997). Community-based integration: Family resource center initiatives. In R. J. Illback, R. J. Cobb, & H. M. Joseph (Eds.), Integrated services for children and families: Opportunities for psychological practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. back

³⁹ Casey Family Programs. (2001). Life skills. In It's my life: A framework for youth transitions from foster care to successful adulthood (p. 38-43). Seattle, WA: Author. back

⁴⁰ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2002). LifeSkills training. [On-line]. Available: http://www.modelprograms.samhsa.gov back

⁴¹ University of Florida. (n.d.). Conflict resolution/peer mediation (CR/PM) research project. [On-line]. Available: http://www.coe.ufl.edu/CRPM/results.htm. back

⁴² Helfer, R. E. (1978). Childhood comes first: Crash course in childhood for adults. East Lansing, MI: Author. back

⁴³ Sudermann, M., Jaffe, P. G., Schieck, E. (1996). Bullying: Information for parents and teachers. [On-line] Available: http://www.lfcc.on.ca/bully.htm. back

⁴⁴ Benson, B. A. (1995). Psychosocial interventions update: Problem solving skills training. The Habilitative Mental Healthcare Newsletter, 11(1), 1-6. back

⁴⁵ Hawley, C. (1996). Problem-solving skills builder. Teacher Talk [On-line]. Available: http://education.indiana.edu/cas/tt/v3i2/probsolve.html. back

⁴⁶ Crosson-Tower, C. (2002i). How can we prevent child abuse and neglect? In When children are abused: An educator's guide to intervention (pp. 156-175). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. back

⁴⁷ Van Dyck, P. C. (1998, September 25). Testimony on abstinence education. [On-line] Available: http://www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t980925a.html. back

⁴⁸ Finkelhor, D. (1986). A sourcebook on child sexual abuse. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; Daro, D. (1988). Confronting child abuse: Research for effective program design. New York, NY: Free Press. back

⁴⁹ Finkelhor, D. (1986); Daro, D. (1988). back

⁵⁰ Casper, R. (1999). Characteristics of children who experience positive and negative reactions to sexual abuse prevention programs. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 7(4), 97-112. back

⁵¹ Davis, M. K., & Gidycz, C. A. (2000). Child abuse prevention programs: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29(2), 257-265. back

⁵² MacDonald, L. & Frey, H. E. (1999). Families and schools together: Building relationships. Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 1-19. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; Cotloff, P. (1998). back

previous

You are in section: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 - Purpose and Overview 2 - Identifying Reasons Why… 3 - Recognizing Child Abuse and… 4 - Reporting Child Abuse and… 5 - Providing Support After the… 6 - Preventing Child Abuse and… Endnotes Appendix A - Glossary of Terms Appendix B - Resource Listings… Appendix C - Child Abuse… Appendix D - Educators Checklist… Appendix E - Sample List of Contacts… Appendix F - Sample Report of Suspected…

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Updated on October 9, 2009