| Helping Families Prevent Child Neglect |
In-house evaluators
Random assignment to four different intervention groups
12 standardized scales
Baseline, case closure, and 6-month follow-up
Statistical analysis of data |
Decrease risk factors for neglect: caregiver depressive symptoms, alcohol use, drug use, functioning, everyday stress, and parent stress
Increase protective factors: attitudes toward change, parenting attitudes, parenting competence, social support and family functioning
Increase child safety: reduce child maltreatment, meet basic needs, improve quality of physical home environment
Improve child well-being: improve behavior and functioning |
Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depressed Mood Scale (Radloff, 1977)
CAGE Questionnaire (Ewing, 1984)
NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version III (DIS-III-R) (Robins, Helzer, Cottler, & Goldring, 1989)
Family Risk Scales (Magura, Moses, & Jones, 1987)
Child Well-Being Subscale (Magura & Moses, 1987)
Everyday Stressors Index (Hall, Williams, & Greenberg, 1985)
Parenting Stress Index- Short Form (Abidin, 1995)
Child Well-Being Scales (Magura & Moses, 1987)
Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (Bavolek, 1984)
Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman, 1978)
Social Provisions Scale (Russell & Cutrona, 1984)
Self-Report Family Inventory (Beavers, Hampson, & Hulgus, 1985)
Home Observation for Measure of the Environment (Caldwell & Bradley, 1984)
DHR CIS database
Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991) |
Reduced caregiver depressive symptoms, drug use, life stress, parenting stress
Increased appropriate parenting attitudes, satisfaction with parenting, perceived social support
Fewer CPS reports on participants following than prior to intervention
Enhanced physical and psychological care of children
Decreased caregiver perceptions of child behavior problems |
| Homefriends |
Outside evaluator
Random assignment to comparison and treatment groups
Five standardized scales
Baseline and at 9 months
Statistical analysis of data |
Improved caregiver parenting skills
Increased caregiver knowledge and access to community resources
Decreased social isolation
Decreased parent stress
Improved caregiver attitudes and response to children with disabilities/chronic illness |
Parenting Stress Index (Abidin,1995)
Social Support Network Inventory (Flaherty, 1983)
Index of knowledge and use of community resources (developed for this program)
Child Well-Being Scales (Magura & Moses, 1987)
Parent-Child Dysfunction Scale of the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1995) |
No families in intervention group had child placed in foster care
Some improvement found in parental teaching and stimulation of children
Parents experienced an improvement in their feelings and perceptions of themselves as parents |
| Neglected Children in Intergenerational Kinship Care |
Outside evaluator
No comparison group
10 standardized scales
Intake, 1-year exit, and 6-month follow-up
Statistical analysis of data |
Identify the negative effects of prior neglect and provide resources tailored to children's needs
Prevent subsequent neglect
Decrease grandparents' social isolation
Maximize quality of life for grandparent caregivers |
Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991)
Teacher's Report Form (Achenbach, 1991)
Child Well-being Scale (Magura & Moses, 1987)
Denver II (Frankenburg, Dodds, Archer, Bresnick, Maschka, et al., 1992)
Grandparent Interview (developed for this program)
Child Neglect Index (Trocmé, 1996)
Home Observation of the Environment (Caldwell & Bradley, 1984)
Family Resource Scale (Dunst & Leet, 1987)
Family Empowerment Scale (Koren, DeChillo, & Friesen, 1992)
Family Support Scale (Dunst, Jenkins, & Trivette, 1984)
Health Risk Appraisal (Hutchins, 1991)
SF-36 (Ware,1992)
Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1993) |
Decreased child behavior problems
Reduced risk for child neglect
Improved caregiver health
Caregiver empowerment
Increase in caregiver social support
Decrease in caregiver stress |
| Parent Empowerment Program |
In-house evaluator
No comparison group
Five standardized scales
At enrollment and at graduation
No statistical analysis of data reported |
Empower parents to create nurturing homes for their children
Improve participants' self-esteem and trust in their parenting skills
Reduce neglect and abuse
Increase maternal social support
Decrease child abuse potential
Increase knowledge of infant development
Improve home environment safety |
Child Abuse Potential Inventory (Milner, 1994)
Knowledge Inventory of Child Development and Behavior (Fulton, 1995)
Maternal Social Support Index (Pascoe, Ialongo, Horn, Reinhart, & Perradatto, 1988)
Personal Goal Achievement Measure (developed for program)
Child Well-Being Check List (CWBCL) |
Slight increase in child well-being scores
Slight increase in knowledge of infant development
Slight downward trend in child abuse potential
Significant percentage of family-identified goals partially achieved or achieved |