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Permanency - Results (92 Publications)

Title: Foster Care Re-Entry: Evidence and Implications.
Author(s): Anthony, Elizabeth K.;Kimberlin, Sara.;Austin, Michael J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Bay Area Social Services Consortium (BASSC)
http://www.bassc.net/
University of California at Berkeley, School of Social Welfare
120 Haviland Hall
Berkeley, CA 94720-7400
Printable version (PDF): http://bassc.net/html/pdfs/Foster%20Care%20Reentry%20BASSC%20FULL%20REPORT%2004.01.08.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the findings of a literature review that investigated the incidence and reasons children re-enter the foster care system. The review included more than 50 relevant reports and articles. The report begins with a brief discussion of the role of reentry into foster care in the context of the goals of the child welfare system. The methods of the structured review of the literature are then described, followed by a presentation of the major findings on risk and correlates of foster care reentry, resilience and correlates of successful reunification, and the impact of child welfare interventions and service models on reducing reentry. Child characteristics found to be associated with higher rates of reentry included child health, mental health, and behavior problems; African American race; and infant or preteen/teenager age. Family characteristics related to increased reentry included poverty; parental substance abuse; maltreatment type; parental ambivalence about the parenting role; and other parent characteristics such as lack of parenting skills, lack of social support, and mental illness. Child welfare service attributes associated with higher rates of reentry included very short initial stays in foster care; more foster care placements; placement in group care; presence of unmet needs, unresolved problems, or continuing need for services at the point of reunification; and prior involvement with child welfare services, particularly prior unsuccessful attempts at reunification. Findings related to children in group care are infants are also shared, as well as findings on child resiliency and the outcomes of kinship care. The report concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for child welfare practice and future research. 2 tables and 61 references.

Title: Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements.
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Children are frequently cared for by relatives and friends when parents, for whatever reason, are unable to care for their children themselves. Yet there has been very little information about how well children do when placed with kin or how safe they are in these placements. This book compares formal kinship care to traditional foster placements in order to ascertain which children are placed with kin, in what circumstances, how well such children progress, and how often these placements disrupt. The authors explore whether children placed with family and friends fare better or worse than other foster children, what services are provided and needed, and how kin care is experienced by carers, children and social workers. (Author abstract)

Title: The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.
Author(s): Hindle, Debbie.;Shulman, Graham.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: Drawing on psychoanalytic, attachment, and child development theory, and detailed in-depth clinical case discussion, this text explores the emotional experience of adoption and demonstrates how psychoanalytic understanding and treatment can contribute to thinking about and working with adopted children and their families. It explains and accounts for the emotional and psychological complexities involved for the children, parents, and professionals in adoption. Following a review of key psychoanalytic concepts, the adoptive family life cycle, and psychoanalytic perspectives on adoption, Part 1 focuses on the relevance of psychoanalytic thinking to current policy and practice in adoption, recent research in neurobiology and attachment theory, and how psychoanalytic child psychotherapy works and how it can help adopted children and families. Part 2 considers the importance of understanding unconscious emotional dynamics and processes that can occur in the internal world of the individual child, or in the professional network around adoption, or within adoptive families. Part 3 includes detailed clinical case discussions that illustrate how unconscious primitive states of mind, if they are not contained, can impact on relationships in damaging and destructive ways, and the relevance to adopted children in their lives. Parts 4, 5, and 6 focus on the emotional tasks and complexities of three key aspects of the adoption experience: joining and becoming part of a family, with the associated theme of belonging; being a part of a family, with specific reference to emotional issues and dynamics linked to dyadic and triadic relationships; and the developmental stage of adolescence, with particular reference to primitive emotional issues linked to the core adolescent tasks of establishing a mature identity and separation from the family. The text closes with a discussion of the primitive emotional issue of adoption in the novel "Wuthering Heights." Numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families.
Author(s): Lee, Robert E.;Whiting, Jason B.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: Intended for agency therapists and caseworkers, this handbook offers strategies and guidelines for providing family therapy to children in foster care and their biological and foster families. Part 1 considers the culture and environment of foster care. Chapter 1 discusses characteristics of foster children, children with special needs, and relational approaches to the whole family and the larger system. The importance of considering the larger setting in which foster children and their families are situated is addressed in Chapter 2, including discerning whose cooperation needs to be recruited and the sequencing of interventions and their goals. Following chapters consider diversity and child welfare, the needs of foster children from the child's perspective, and understanding ambiguous loss. Part 2 focuses on specific applications of relational therapy to clinical situations. Each chapter describes an approach and gives clinical illustrations of how to do it. Chapters address: young children in foster care, parent-child therapy for traumatized young children in foster care, developmentally appropriate family therapy, using an integrative approach involving the biological and foster family systems, using an integrative approach for kinship placements, creative ways to strengthen family bonds, intervening with foster parents of infants, supporting the work of foster parents, and redressing experiences of injustice in child abuse and neglect. The final part discusses providing family therapy in specialized situations, including dealing with sexualized acting out in the foster environment, combating a family culture of violence, and working with substance-abusing families. Numerous references.

Title: Seeking Shelter in Tough Times: Securing Housing for Youth who Age Out of Foster Care.
Author(s): Margolin, Dale.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: ABA Child Law Practice
v. 27, 5, July 2008, p. 65, 70-75
Available from: ABA Center on Children and the Law
http://www.abanet.org/child
740 15th Street, NW

Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.abanet.org/child/clp/archives/vol27/july08.pdf
Abstract: This article focuses on laws and programs that target housing issues facing youth aging out of foster care, including the Chafee Foster Care Independence Living Program, federal reimbursements of foster care costs, the Transitional Living Program for Homeless Youth, Section 8 vouchers, public housing, and specialized housing for adults with mental disabilities or who seek treatment for substance abuse. Tips are provided to child advocates for navigating and representing youth discharged from foster care. 39 references.

Title: Youth Aging Out of Foster Care: Identifying Strategies and Best Practices.
Author(s): Gardner, Deseree.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Juvenile and family justice today
v. 17, 1, Spring 2008, p. 16-20
Available from: National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
http://www.ncjfcj.org/
PO Box 8970
Reno, NV 89507
Abstract: This article outlines the current federal framework addressing youth aging out of foster care, including components of the Chafee Foster Care Independence Program, the Chafee Education and Training Vouchers Program, the Chafee Option, and the Family Unification Program. It then identifies general outcomes of youth aging out of care and highlights model county programs and best practices that are addressing the needs of this population in an innovative way. 1 figure and 22 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Residential Transitions Project, Phase One. Final Report.
Published: 2008
Available from: RBS Reform Coalition
http://rbsreform.org/ , CA
Printable version (PDF): http://rbsreform.org/materials/Residential%20Transitions%20Project%20-%204%2030%2008%20_2_.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and findings of phase one of a project designed to inform the development of model for residential group care. During this initial phase of the project the following activities were conducted: a review of data on the utilization of residential group placements in child welfare, a review of the literature on residential group care, a survey of State child welfare agencies in 26 jurisdictions, a survey of 9 State child and family services provider associations, and a survey of 9 California DSS, Children, Youth, and Families county offices. The report provides reviews research on the characteristics of children in residential group care and the utility and effectiveness of group care, and highlights promising practices, including: family-centered residential treatment, the Work Appreciation for Youth program, residential education, and the Sanctuary Model. Findings from the three surveys are then reported, and recommendations for improving residential group care are discussed. 19 references.

Title: Keeping Them in the Family: Outcomes for Children Placed in Kinship Care Through Care Proceedings.
Author(s): Hunt, Joan.;Waterhouse, Suzette.;Lutman, Eleanor.
Published: 2008
Available from: British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF)
http://www.baaf.org.uk/
Skyline House, 200 Union Street
London SE1 0LX
Abstract: This book shares findings from a study that examined the medium term outcomes of 113 children in the United Kingdom that were removed from their parents' care because of child protection concerns and placed with kin through the courts between 1995 and 2001. There was also a small comparison group of young children placed in non-kin care. Placements were followed up in 2004-2005 and assessed in terms of whether they had lasted for as long as necessary, whether they had provided good quality and safe care, the quality of the relationship between the child and the carer, and how well the child was functioning. Data was collected through case files, 37 interviews with kinship carers, 24 interviews with social workers, 14 interviews with children and youth, 2 parent interviews, and a standardized measure of well-being completed by teachers of 25 of the children. Following an introductory chapter that explains the methodology of the study, chapters 2, 3, and 4 focus on outcomes, including placement outcomes, well-being, and factors that explain better or poorer outcomes in kinship care. Chapter 5 considers how decisions were made about kinship placements and perspectives of the different parties involved. Chapter 6 outlines the challenges carers may face, the sacrifices made and the stress they experienced. Chapter 7 looks at financial and material assistance for kinship care. Chapter 8 presents material from interviews with children and youth and considers their perspectives on their placements. The maintenance of family links in terms of parents, sibling, and extended family contact is covered in chapter 9. Finally, chapter 10 discusses the implications for policy and practice. Results from the study indicate kinship care can be a positive option for many children but it is not straightforward and requires careful assessment and adequate support. 56 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Permanency Planning and Family-Based Alternatives Report.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/si/C-LTC/SB368RepJan2008.pdf
Abstract: This document contains two reports to the Texas State Legislature that detail the activities of the Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC), the Texas Department of Aging and Disability Services (DADS), and the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS) related to permanency planning for children and youth with developmental disabilities who are in foster care, and summarize the development and accomplishments of family-based alternatives. The first report on permanency planning summarizes legislative changes benefiting children with disabilities, as well as statistics on the number of children residing in institutions, permanency plans development for children in institutions, and the movement of children from institutions to the community and family-based options. Community supports necessary to transition children to support families are discussed and community supports unavailable for children recommended for movement to the community are identified. The report concludes that the total number of children with developmental disabilities residing in institutions has remained relatively unchanged in the past five years; however, there has been a significant shift in the distribution patterns, as DADS residential settings are continuing to experience a shift to smaller, less restrictive environments. The family based alternatives (FBA) report discusses number of children who moved to families from institutions with FBA contractor assistance, activities contributing to the development and implementation of a system of family based alternatives, and tools and materials developed by the FBA contractor available for use by stakeholders. Progress and challenges of the FBA system are discussed. 20 tables.

Title: Finding Relatives for Children.
Author(s): Williams-Mbengue, Nina.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: LegisBrief
v. 16, 28, June/July 2008,
Available from: National Conference of State Legislatures
http://www.ncsl.org
444 North Capitol Street, N.W., Suite 515
Washington, DC 20001
Abstract: This brief describes strategies policymakers can use to support over-burdened State agencies through legislation and initiatives that help States to better identify and recruit relatives and other caring adults to provide for a child's safety, well-being, and permanency. Strategies address placement preference, diligent searches, expanding the definition of relative, comprehensive procedures for finding relatives, court action, grandparent notification, and documentation for denying relative placement. Proposed federal legislation is also noted. 2 references.

Title: 2008 Report to the Legislature and the Governor for the Foster Youth Services Program.
Published: 2008
Available from: California Dept. of Education
http://www.cde.ca.gov/
1430 N Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
Document available online at: http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/pf/fy/documents/fyslegreport2008.doc
Abstract: This biannual report provides information to the California legislature and the governor on the status of foster youth services (FYS) programs. Part 1 displays quantitative outcome data for the six FYS Core District Programs, including improvement in pupil academic achievement, incidence of pupil discipline problems, and pupil dropout rates or truancy rates. Part 2 provides documentation of the progress and success of the 57 FYS Countywide Programs in providing services to foster youths residing in foster homes, and licensed children's institutions, foster family agencies, and court specified placements during FY 2006-07. These services are provided through effective collaborations among local government, nonprofit, and private-sector agencies. Findings are reported that indicate progress in the establishment of advisory groups of collaborative partners in participating counties to plan the FYS Countywide Program, progress in the establishment of collaborative partners to provide services to foster youths residing in county boundaries, and progress in the development of a mechanism for the efficient and timely transfer of health and education records. Challenges reported by the 57 participating county offices of education in the implementation of various aspects of the FYS Countywide Program are also described, as well as significant accomplishments reported by the FYS Countywide Programs and goals and objectives for FY 2007-08. Part 3 provides documentation of the progress and success of the 17 FYS Juvenile Detention Programs in providing services to foster youths residing in Juvenile Detention facilities in FY 2006-07, and Part 4 provides recommendations from the coordinators for the 6 FYS Core District Programs, 57 FYS Countywide Programs, and 17 FYS Juvenile Detention Programs regarding the continuation of services, effectiveness of the services, and broadening of the application of services provided to foster youths. The final part concludes the evidence shows that the FYS Core District and Countywide Programs have continued to provide essential academic and support services that significantly enhance the ability of foster youths to achieve academic standards and access resources, support services, and enrichment activities. 33 references.

Title: An Ecosystemic Approach to Foster Care (Chapter 2 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Lee, Robert E.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: The importance of considering the larger setting in which foster children and their families are situated is addressed in this chapter, including discerning whose cooperation needs to be recruited and the sequencing of interventions and their goals. Recommended multiple impact interventions are described, as well as potential role problems. 4 figures and 38 references.

Title: Cultural Issues: Diversity and Child Welfare (Chapter 3 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Tyson, Edgar.;Ryan, Scott.;Gomory, Tomi.;Teasley, Martell.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter explains how foster care therapists can become culturally competent and discusses culturally competent assessment and intervention issues and strategies. A case example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of using hip-hop therapy, and recommendations are made for providing more culturally appropriate services. 25 references.

Title: The Perspective of the Consumer: Foster Children Tell Us What They Need (Chapter 4 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Whiting, Jason B.;Seita, John.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter discusses how the thinking processes of foster children shape their reality and then reviews how the experiences of foster care are often confusing, traumatic, and emotionally provocative. Finally, the perspectives of foster children are shared, along with tips for professionals for talking with foster children. 37 references.

Title: Career Development and Employment Preparation: A Policy Framework for California's Foster Youth.
Published: 2008
Available from: New Ways to Work
http://www.newwaystowork.org/
The Thoreau Center
1016 Lincoln Boulevard
Suite #222
San Francisco, CA 94129
Printable version (PDF): http://www.newwaystowork.org/initiatives/ytat/events/FYCDEPolicyPaper.pdf
Abstract: This report highlights the Foster Youth Career Development and Employment Summit, the first statewide convening of California foster youth, former foster youth, caretakers, community-based organizations, employers and professionals from child welfare, workforce development, education, and probation. The summit is designed to address the critical issues relating to employment and career development for the nearly 85,000 young people in foster care in California. Statistics on foster youth in California are shared, followed by summit policy papers that address four key focus areas, identified as critical to ensuring that foster youth are better prepared to become successful and contributing adults: prioritize career development and employment for every foster youth; systematically connect foster youth to education and workforce development programs; support emancipating and emancipated youth in their transition to adulthood; and provide work experience and job opportunities that lead to economic success. Each policy paper outlines the issues, goals, current situation, opportunities for change, suggested solutions, examples of innovation at the local level, and specific policy recommendations at the legislative, regulatory, and local practice levels. 17 references.

Title: Relative Placement in Nebraska.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nebraska Appleseed
http://neappleseed.org/
941 O Street, Suite 920
Lincoln, NE 68508
Printable version (PDF): http://neappleseed.org/docs/Policy_Brief_-_Relative_Placement_in_Nebraska_(May_2008)_-_Final%5B1%5D.pdf
Abstract: This policy brief is designed to assist Nebraska child welfare practitioners in identifying safe and appropriate relative child placements early in the child welfare process. This brief also discusses various policy responses that have been implemented in other States to address issues related to relative placements of children. The brief begins with data on the number of foster children in Nebraska and child placements. The law on relative placements is then reviewed, including the preference for relative placement, as well as provisions under the Indian Child Welfare Act. Case law is also considered, including decisions relating to the court's discretion on placements and rights of relatives. Finally, recommendations are provided for addressing a child's placement with relatives in individual cases and for policy reform. 63 references.

Title: Parent-Child Therapy for Traumatized Young Children in Foster Care (Chapter 7 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Davies, Douglas
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter discusses how relational therapy can be offered while a young child is still in foster care to offer foster parents and young foster children a chance to establish a positive relationship that becomes a protective factor against placement disruption. Issues in preparing foster parents for parent-child therapy are considered, as well as strategies for working with toddlers and preschoolers. A clinical example is provided. 29 references.

Title: Helping Youth Succeed as Adults: The Challenge of Aging Out.
Author(s): Redell, Charles.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: The Connection (National CASA Association)
Spring 2008, p. 5, 7, 9
Available from: National CASA Association
http://www.casaforchildren.org/
100 W. Harrison
North Tower, Suite 500

Seattle, WA 98119
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casanet.org/download/ncasa_publications/0806_connection_0036.pdf
Abstract: This paper discusses the challenges foster youth face as they age out of foster care and strategies that can be used to support youth become independent adults. The need to provide connections for youth is stressed, and the California-based Family Connections program is described. In addition to their advocacy role, CASA volunteers in the Family Connections program are trained to locate close family friends, neighbors and family members with the goal of creating a permanent connection for the youth they serve. The need to prepare youth for the realities of independent living is explained, and resources are listed for supporting older youth in care, preventing teen pregnancy in foster youth, and helping youth pay for college.

Title: Connected by 25: Financing Education Supports for Youth Transitioning out of Foster Care.
Author(s): Flynn-Khan, Margaret.;Bhat, Soumya.
Published: 2008
Available from: Finance Project
http://www.financeproject.org/
1401 New York Avenue, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.financeproject.org/publications/Education_SB.pdf
Abstract: This strategy brief is one of a series of briefs exploring strategies for financing supports and services that help foster youth make successful transitions to adulthood. This brief focuses on educational strategies to support youth and highlights the many ways in which State, local, and community leaders are bringing resources together to support education success for foster youth. It begins with a discussion of the poor educational outcomes of foster youth, factors associated with the low academic achievement of foster youth, and the need to provide secondary education success supports, postsecondary access supports, and postsecondary success supports. The brief then presents the following five financing strategies that can support education success programs and services for youth currently in or transitioning from the foster care system: access child welfare resources; access K-12 and adult education resources; connect with workforce development and technical education resources; access higher education resources; and generate community and private support. For each strategy, the brief highlights relevant funding sources to consider, the range of partners to engage, and considerations for implementation. The brief also includes examples of these strategies in practice.

Title: When Adulthood Must Come Early: The Plight of Youth Aging Out of Foster Care and New Jersey's Efforts to Help Them.
Author(s): Davis, Maia.;Zalkind, Cecilia.;Coogan, Mary.
Published: 2008
Available from: Association for Children of New Jersey
http://www.acnj.org/
35 Halsey Street
Newark, NJ 07102
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acnj.org/main.asp?uri=1003&di=1267
Abstract: This report discusses the number of foster youth that age out of foster care in New Jersey. It notes New Jersey has taken advantage of federal funding to improve services to older foster youth, including extending the foster care age limit from 18 to the 21st birthday, expanding subsidized housing, and launching a scholarship program. The decline in federal funds for aging out youth is then discussed, as well as the challenges that New Jersey faces in providing services to older youth. Recommendations are made for the governor and legislature and the Department of Children and Famlies. 3 references.

Title: Placement Progress: The Children's Behaviour and Service Provision in Kin Care (Chapter 7 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom, this chapter explores how the relationships between new and resident children were negotiated, the behaviors of the placed children, and the services that were provided to the kin carers and children. Case examples are provided. Findings indicate the children had high levels of emotional and behavioral difficulty, kin carers often struggled to manage these difficulties, and carers wanted more social work assistance. 2 tables.

Title: The Perspectives of the Social Workers, Children and Parents on Kinship Care (Chapter 9 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from interviews with social workers responsible for 16 children in kinship care in the United Kingdom, the children, and six parents, this chapter examines explores experiences with kinship placements. Findings indicate social workers had strong views on both the advantages and disadvantages of kinship care, some children did not understand why they were living with kin but felt close to their kin carers, and all of the parents felt their children were well cared for.

Title: Improving Family Foster Care: Program Comparison Findings from the Northwest Foster Care Alumni Study.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/559F588E-FDA9-4A4F-93B7-50C9CC93B313/677/NWAlumniAgencyComparisonsExSummaryFINAL053008.pdf
Abstract: Case record reviews were conducted for 659 alumni (479 of whom were interviewed) who had been in the care of Casey Family Programs (Casey) or the Oregon or Washington State child welfare agencies between 1988 and 1998 as adolescents for one year or more. A comparison of alumni outcomes was completed and the economic value of those differences is discussed. Findings indicate alumni who received higher quality services had significantly fewer placement changes, were substantially less likely to experience adverse events during comparable periods of time in foster care, were at lower risk of foster parent neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse, had 50% reductions in rates of adult major depression and substance use disorders, and were more likely to have completed years of education beyond high school and be employed. 5 references.

Title: Improving School Stability: An Exploratory Study of the Work of the AB 490 Liaisons in California.
Author(s): Shea, Nancy M.;Zetlin, Andrea G.;Weinberg, Lois A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Mental Health Advocacy Services
http://www.mhas-la.org/
3255 Wilshire Blvd. #902
Los Angeles, CA 90010
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mhas-la.org/AB490%20Survey%20Report%206-08.pdf
Abstract: This report begins with a discussion on the negative impact of school mobility on foster children and youth, and California legislation that requires each local education agency to designate a staff person as a foster care education liaison (AB 490 liaisons) to ensure proper placement, transfer of records within two days, and enrollment of foster youth. Findings from a statewide survey of the AB 490 liaisons are then shared. The survey examined the level of implementation of the law since 2004, to better understand the roles and duties that have been assigned to the AB 490 liaisons, and to develop recommendations on what is needed to improve the law and assure its implementation. The sample in this exploratory study consisted of 94 AB 490 liaisons from county offices of education and school districts. Results indicate the role of the AB 490 liaison appears to provide the structure and organization to facilitate at least some collaboration between the child welfare and education systems. Students in foster care have an advocate at the school to help them enroll, see that their records are transferred, and troubleshoot for them when things go awry. The respondents made a number of suggestions to meet the challenges they face as AB 490 liaisons. 8 references.

Title: California Child Welfare Services: Eleven-County Pilot Project Evaluation Report.
Author(s): Wright, Michael.;Tickler, Sara.;Vernor, Kara.
Published: 2008
Available from: County Welfare Directors Association of California
http://www.cwda.org/
925 L Street, Suite 350
Sacramento, CA 95814
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cwda.org/downloads/11CountyPilot2008.pdf
Abstract: Eleven California counties have been piloting three strategies to improve outcomes for children and families served by the child welfare system: standardized safety assessment, differential response, and permanency and youth transition. This evaluation utilizes both quantitative data from the CWS/CMS system and qualitative data from in-depth site visits to the 11 pilot counties to investigate the effectiveness of the strategies. Taken together, the quantitative and qualitative data indicate that the pilot strategies are effective in achieving permanency for children--primarily through family reunification or adoption--while maintaining their safety and well-being. Also, the Child Welfare System is being changed fundamentally, with significant improvement reported by families, child welfare services staff, and other agencies. The report includes background information on changes in the California's child welfare system between 2000 and 2007, the origins of the pilot project, the three pilot strategies, the methodology of the evaluation of the strategies, specific findings in the areas of permanency, safety, well being, and system improvement, and recommendations for further evolving the pilot strategies fn California and increase the positive changes experienced by children and families. 33 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Latest Findings from Assisted Guardianship Waivers: Tennessee and Wisconsin.
Author(s): Cohen, Leslie.;Miller, Viola.;Testa, Mark.
Published: 2008
Available from: Children and Family Research Center
http://cfrcwww.social.uiuc.edu/welcome.htm
School of Social Work, UIUC
1203 W. Oregon
Urbana, IL 61801
Abstract: This presentation packet reports the findings from two federally funded, five-year demonstration projects designed to test whether the introduction of a subsidized permanent guardianship benefit would result in an increase of permanence and safety for Tennessee and Wisconsin children and an improvement in child outcomes. In the Tennessee study, data was collected on 293 children who were eligible for subsidized permanent guardianship care and 273 who were eligible for all other types of traditional permanency alternatives, including permanent guardianship. Findings indicate a 12.9% point higher rate of discharge to permanent homes from foster care in the demonstration group compared to the cost neutrality group. A total of 78 subsidized guardianships were completed between December 2006 and November 2007. In the Wisconsin study, 157 children were eligible for subsidized permanent guardianship and 163 children were in the control group. Findings indicate there was a 20% permanency advantage for children in the experimental group who were offered the choice of subsidized guardianship compared to children in the control group. Key discussion points are provided. Document Scanned

Title: Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 (Enrolled as Agreed to or Passed by Both House and Senate).
Published: 2008
Available from: U.S. Government Printing Office
http://www.gpoaccess.gov/
732 North Capitol Street, NW
Washington, DC 20401
Printable version (PDF): http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=110_cong_bills&docid=f:h6893enr.txt.pdf
Abstract: This act reauthorizes the Adoption Incentives Program for five years and increases incentives for special needs and older child adoptions; gives States the option to use Federal funding to provide maintenance payments to relatives who serve as "kinship guardians"; establishes family connection grants to connect foster children with family members and assist them in meeting the needs of the foster children; and allows Federal funding of child welfare systems established by tribal entities.

Title: PATH/Wisconsin - Bremer Project: Preventing Placement Disruptions in Foster Care. Final Report.
Author(s): Jones, Annette Semanchin.;Wells, Susan J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/publications/Path_BremerReport.pdf
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and accomplishments of the PATH Bremer Project, a project that conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on preventing placement disruptions in foster care between August 27, 2007 and January 10, 2008. The literature review was organized into two broad topic areas: risk and protective factors for placement stability, and preventing disruptions in foster care. Section 1 of this report includes the full comprehensive review of the current academic literature on preventing disruptions in foster care, as well as an executive summary, annotated bibliography and full bibliographic list of references for the report. Protective factors and risk factors are categorized into the following subsections: the child in placement, foster parents, biological family, and the caseworker and placing agency. The annotated bibliography is included in the form of a table. Relevant research studies are listed under each of the factors that relates to placement disruptions. For each study in the table, the method, key findings and citations are listed. Section 2 of the report is a user's guide on evidence-based practice in preventing placement disruptions in foster care. The user's guide includes an outline of the evidence-based practices and table of references. Numerous references.

Title: Finding Families for Children in Foster Care.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children's Services Practice Notes
v. 13, 3, July 2008,
Available from: North Carolina Family and Children's Resource Program
http://ssw.unc.edu/fcrp/index.asp
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Tate-Turner-Kuralt Building
301 Pittsboro Street, Suite 228
School of Social Work
CB# 3550
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3550
Document available online at: http://sswnt7.sowo.unc.edu/fcrp/Cspn/v13n3.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://sswnt7.sowo.unc.edu/fcrp/Cspn/v13n3/cspnv13n3-final.pdf
Abstract: This brief focuses on the recruitment and retention of foster families in North Carolina. Information is provided on how North Carolina currently recruits resource families and the system's strengths and challenges; findings from the Child and Family Services Review (CFSR), conducted in spring 2007, that found inconsistency across the State in the level of recruitment efforts and in the need for foster homes; and recruitment and concurrent planning. The benefits of implementing a regional approach to resource family recruitment and retention are discussed, as well as strategies agencies can implement to support and retain current resource families. Finally, agency recommendations are made for improving the recruitment of resource families.

Title: Introducing a New Tool to Enhance Monthly Agency Visits [Monthly Foster Care Contact Record].
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Fostering Perspectives: Views on Foster Care in North Carolina
v. 12, 2, June 2008, 4 html p.
Available from: Fostering Perspectives
http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/
c/o John McMahon
Jordan Institute for Families
1459 Sand Hill Rd.
No. 6
Candler, NC 28715
Document available online at: http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/fpv12n2/visits.htm
Abstract: The importance of social worker visits to foster homes is explained and a tool is described that can be used by North Carolina social workers to enhance foster care home visits. The Monthly Foster Care Contact Record is a 4-page, 7-item tool designed to be a guide for monthly visits. It prompts county Department of Social Services agency staff to address key areas when they visit children in care and their foster parents. The tool was successfully field tested for four months by 25 child-placing agencies working with 884 foster children. Strategies for using the tool are discussed.

Title: Fostering the Child Witness of Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Williams, Crystalle.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Fostering Perspectives: Views on Foster Care in North Carolina
v. 12, 2, June 2008, 8 html p.
Available from: Fostering Perspectives
http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/
c/o John McMahon
Jordan Institute for Families
1459 Sand Hill Rd.
No. 6
Candler, NC 28715
Document available online at: http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/fpv12n2/williams.htm
Abstract: Designed for foster parents, this brief discusses the experiences of children who have witnessed domestic violence, how the violence can impact them, and strategies foster parents can use to help such children. The different roles children adopt when coping with domestic violence are explained, as well as factors that booster the resiliency in children. Foster parents are cautioned about what they should not say when talking to a victim or witness of abuse, and information is provided on identifying a child witness of domestic violence and modeling non-violent relationships.

Title: How Young People Can Make a Difference for Kids in Foster Care.
Published: 2008
Available from: Band Together at FosterClub
http://bandtogether.org/
753 First Avenue
Seaside, OR 97138
Document available online at: http://design.sergiosandino.com/client/NFCM/youth.html
Printable version (PDF): http://design.sergiosandino.com/client/NFCM/6%20-%20Youth%20Engagement/BandTogether-FullGuide.pdf
Abstract: This document calls for youth in and out of foster care to band together to advocate for change in the child welfare system. It begins by reviewing statistics about foster care and issues youth face in foster care. The Band Together campaign is then explained as a way for youth to engage in efforts to improve the lives of children in foster care through understanding, serving, and speaking out. Tips are provided for banding together with other youth and for engaging in each of the three strategies. Different types of groups that can band together are also identified.

Title: Team Planning Guide: Achieving and Sustaining Permanence for Youth.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Convenings on Youth Permanence
http://www.youthpermanence.org/
Printable version (PDF): http://www.youthpermanence.org/_pdf/materials/mat_2008/team_guide_2008.pdf
Abstract: This document offers questions that can guide a planning process to increase the number of youth in foster care who exit with a family relationship they can count on for a lifetime. (Author abstract)

Title: Understanding an Adopted Child: A Child Psychotherapist's Perspective. (Chapter 3 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Miller, Lisa.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter focuses on individual psychoanalytic psychotherapy as a therapeutic option for adopted children and adolescents experiencing serious emotional difficulties. The nature of psychoanalytic psychotherapy is described, as well as how it works and the type of damage or disturbance at pre-verbal or non-verbal levels that it is suited to address. Case examples are provided. 3 references.

Title: Multiple Families in Mind. (Chapter 4 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Rustin, Margaret.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter explores how the complex internal worlds of participants in adoption dramas influence ongoing relationships within substitute families. It describes the disorganizing and confusing effects that multiple family life can have on the inner worlds of adopted children and highlights the way in which the shadow of earlier turbulence is liable to fall on the adoptive family. Case examples are provided to illustrate how the inner worlds of adoptive children and parents may impact on or interact with each other at an unconscious level. 6 references.

Title: Enabling Effective Support: Secondary Traumatic Stress and Adoptive Families. (Chapter 5 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Cairns, Karen.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The phenomenon of secondary traumatic stress is described in which caring for others who have been traumatized has a traumatizing effect on carers. The incidence of secondary stress disorders in adoptive families is discussed, as well as prevention and treatment of secondary stress disorders. 8 references.

Title: The Network Around Adoption: The Forever Family and the Ghosts of the Dispossessed. (Chapter 6 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Sprince, Jenny.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: Conscious and unconscious emotional dynamics in professional networks and adoptive families are discussed and linked to the children's abusive or traumatic histories prior to adoption, and to difficulties for professionals and adoptive parents in facing the emotional reality of adopted children's inner worlds. Destructive aspects of an adopted child's early attachment relationships that may unconsciously be re-enacted in the relationship between adopted child and parents are discussed, as well as the role of the network around adoption in facilitating an understanding of the child's needs and impact of their disturbances. Case examples are provided. 6 references.

Title: On Being Dropped and Picked Up: The Plight of Some Late-Adopted Children. (Chapter 8 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Edwards, Judith.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter describes a case study involving a 6-year-old adopted boy to illustrate primitive states of mind and their impact on relationships. It explains that the boy's preoccupation with falling, his denial of physical danger, and his physically risk-taking behavior were primitive bodily expressions of a fear of being dropped psychologically, linked with feeling emotionally unheld and uncontained. His preoccupation with cruelty and violence are explained as indicative of primitive, extreme fears of vulnerability and helplessness. Clinical interventions are highlighted. 17 references.

Title: Playing Out, not Acting Out: The Development of the Capacity to Play in the Therapy of Children Who Are 'in Transition' from Fostering to Adoption. (Chapter 9 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Lanyado, Monica.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter considers therapeutic work with a 4-year old child transitioning from a foster home to his adoptive home, and discusses the way in which transitional anxiety and transitional phenomena may be encountered and understood. The paradoxical task of having to stay in touch with painful losses while being open to the potential of making and experiencing new loving relationships is explored. Clinical interventions that enable a child to play and find their way towards ordinary developmental processes are discussed. 16 references.

Title: The Longing to Become a Family: Support for the Parental Couple. (Chapter 11 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Ludlam, Molly.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter describes parallel therapeutic work with a parental couple whose adopted child was referred for psychotherapy. It also considers the challenges that adoptive parents, and those who seek to support them, might encounter in their progress towards becoming a family. The grief and loss experienced by the couple is described, as well as clinical interventions. 10 references.

Title: Shared Reflections on Parallel Collaborative Work with Adoptive Families. (Chapter 12 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Calvocoressi, Francesca.;Ludlum, Molly.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter describes parallel collaborative psychotherapy for adopted children and their adoptive parents. It discusses developmental tasks for both parents and children, what makes parallel collaborative psychotherapy effective, and how therapists can work together to enable anxiety to be contained and nurture capacities to bear loss and to mourn. The importance of being aware of defenses against disappointment and of the significance of memory, history, and narratives of self are stressed. 3 references.

Title: Loss, Recovery and Adoption: A Child's Perspective. (Chapter 13 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Hindle, Debbie.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter follows the developments of a five-year-old girl who was placed for adoption shortly after her birth, but whose adoptive father died when she was three years old. During the course of her psychotherapy, her capacity to grieve the loss of her father enabled her to develop a closer relationship with her adoptive mother and to grapple with earlier stages of development at a later stage. The complexity of her struggle to be part of a family and to begin to think about her adoption is described. 12 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Deprivation and Development: The Predicament of an Adopted Adolescent in the Search for Identity.(Chapter 15 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Dalley, Tessa.;Kohon, Valli.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter describes the psychotherapy of an extremely troubled adolescent adopted at the age of five after severe deprivation and neglect in infancy and early childhood. It explores the issues and difficulties that puberty may present for children who have been adopted and considers the adopted child's experience of bodily changes in puberty in the context of a secure sense of identity. 9 references.

Title: Adoption and Adolescence: Idealisation and Overvalued Ideas.(Chapter 16 in The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective.)
Author(s): Spensley, Sheila.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: This chapter discusses the psychotherapy of a 14-year-old who had been adopted at the age of 10. It elaborates the problems of negotiating the move toward separation from family in adolescence for adopted children who were not fully attached in childhood, and explains how fear of not being wanted or loved can lead to a hostile rejection of adoptive parents and an idealization of the birth parents when the adopted child reaches adolescence. 17 references.

Title: Questions and Answers: Mobility Issues and Special Education for Children in Out-of-Home Care.
Published: 2008
Available from: ABA Center on Children and the Law
http://www.abanet.org/child
740 15th Street, NW

Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.abanet.org/child/education/Q%20%20A%236%20Mobility%20FINAL.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet answers questions on providing special education services to children with disabilities in out of home care who change schools. Information is provided on the rights of children who move schools, special education evaluations, special education eligibility, educational records, the school district's obligation to find children who need services, and strategies child advocates can use to help children with disabilities who change schools.

Title: Preparing Our Kids for Education, Work and Life: A Report of the Task Force on Youth Aging Out of DSS Care (including, Vision for Youth Aging Out of Foster Care: The Five Core Resources).
Author(s): Hughes, Della M.;Condron, Brian.;Jackson, Nancy.;Pitchal, Erik.;Garton, Nelli.;Elliott, Sara Plachta.
Published: 2008
Available from: The Boston Foundation
http://www.tbf.org/
75 Arlington Street, 10th Floor

Boston, MA 02116
Printable version (PDF): http://www.tbf.org/uploadedFiles/tbforg/Utility_Navigation/Multimedia_Library/Reports/DSS_Report_0522.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the findings and recommendations of the Massachusetts Task Force on Youth Aging Out of Department of Social Services (DSS) Care, a task force that engages public, private and nonprofit representatives to ensure that youth aging out of DSS care have lifelong connections with one or more adults, are fully prepared for education, work, and life, and are contributing members of their communities. It begins with a discussion of the challenges youth face when transitioning out of care and then explains Five Core Resources for the healthy development of all youth, especially those who have transitioned from care. The core resources include: ongoing, nurturing relationships with adults and positive relationships with peers; safe and stable places for living, learning, working, and playing; values, skills, opportunities and supports that promote optimal physical and mental health; educational preparation and economic opportunity; and opportunities to make a difference through community service and civic participation. The next section of this report provides some basic demographics for youth transitioning from care (n=812) and a summary of key findings from a survey of youth (n=96) leaving care in Massachusetts. The outcomes data collected in the survey indicates that the youth who age out of DSS are still at considerable risk, particularly for homelessness, significant mental health needs, early pregnancy, physical violence, and unwanted sexual contact. Findings are also shared from in-depth interviews with youth who voluntarily chose to return to DSS programming, and interviews with a variety of stakeholders. Using the Five Core Resources as a lens through which to view policies, programs and resource allocation, recommendations are then made and are designed to serve as a blueprint for action. 42 references.

Title: Implications for Policy and Practice (Chapter 10 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This chapter discusses key findings from a review of 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom. Differences in the outcomes of kin care placements in four local authorities are considered, placements with kin are compared with those with unrelated foster carers, and outcomes of the two kinds of placements are described. It is concluded that children placed with family and friends do as well as those with unrelated carers, and that their placements last longer. Recommendations for policy in the United Kingdom are made.

Title: Evidence-Based Practice or Practice-Based Evidence: What Is Happening With MEPA and Current Adoption Practices?
Author(s): Mapp, Susan C.;Boutté-Queen, Needha.;Erich, Stephen Arch.;Taylor, Patricia.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 3, July-September 2008, p. 375-384
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Abstract: The Multiethnic Placement Act (MEPA) and Interethnic Placement Act (IEPA) were passed in an attempt to eliminate race as a barrier to adoption. The purposes of the current research were to discover what child welfare social workers know about MEPA and IEPA, their views about the usefulness of the acts in addressing race issues in adoption, and how these two acts have affected their child placement practices. A randomized nationwide survey of social workers in child welfare had 261 respondents. Respondents seemed knowledgeable about the acts, but they remained uncertain about their intended purpose and lacked knowledge about research on transracial adoption (TRA). The majority of respondents indicated race is a continuing factor in adoptive placements. (Author abstract)

Title: Building Identity: A Training Programme.
Author(s): Cairns, Kate.;Fursland, Eileen.
Published: 2008
Available from: British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF)
http://www.baaf.org.uk/
Skyline House, 200 Union Street
London SE1 0LX
Abstract: This training book and accompanying CD-ROM are designed to enable carers and social workers help children in care overcome disruptive early experiences and boost their identity and self-esteem. It is designed to work with groups of between 8 and 20 participants and is made up of four courses covering various aspects of identity and contact. The training material contains PowerPoint presentations for each of the four courses. The courses address: identity and child development, including sessions on identity, diversity, and infant attachment, and enabling traumatized children to form a strong sense of identity and to celebrate diversity; life story work, including sessions on child development and the creation of narrative and enabling traumatized children to form a strong and positive personal narrative; family ties and working with issues in the care of siblings, including sessions on the complexity of sibling relationships and assessment and planning; and issues of identity and stability, including sessions on understanding the complexity of contact and making child-centered contact plans. The book contains instructions for conducting the training, reproductions of the PowerPoint slide presentations for each of the four courses, supplementary materials to help the trainer, suggested training exercises, and suggested group discussion questions. The CD-ROM contains the PowerPoint presentations and a set of handouts. 15 references.

Title: Searching to be Found : Understanding and Helping Adopted and Looked After Children with Attention Difficulties.
Author(s): Comfort, Randy Lee.
Published: 2008
Available from: Karnac Books
http://www.karnacbooks.com/
118 Finchley Road
London NW3 5HT
Abstract: Designed for parents, carers, and professionals, this book addresses the association between children who are adopted or in foster care and who manifest significant difficulties with attention and the behaviors most associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It focuses on understanding and treating the behaviors, emotions, and needs of adopted and foster children and the most efficacious means of providing an environment in which he child has a better chance to grow and develop. Chapter 1 discusses the characteristics of children in care, the overlap of attention deficit disorders and adoption and fostering, and difficulties encountered by adopted and foster children with ADHD. Chapter 2 describes how the infant brain grows and what it needs to develop. The role of both heredity and the environment on neurodevelopment is discussed, as well as the impact of maltreatment and the consequences for adopted and foster children with ADHD. The next two chapters address specific strategies for living with and teaching adopted and foster children with ADHD at home, in the communt9y, and in school. Chapter 5 explores the social development of adopted and foster children with ADHD and ways of enhancing a child's self esteem and confidence. The final chapter summarizes recommendations for meeting the needs of adopted and foster children with ADHD. Appendices include a list of suggestions for teachers and parents. 133 references.

Title: Maintaining Connections.
Published: 2008
Available from: Adoption Learning Partners
http://www.adoptionlearningpartners.org
Document available online at: http://www.adoptionlearningpartners.org/maintaining_connections.cfm
Abstract: The goal of this course is to help child welfare professionals recognize the benefits to older youth in care of maintaining connections with their birth family. It also explains that youth can be adopted and still maintain contact with birth family members. (Author abstract)

Title: Online Resources for Answering the Call.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This two-page flier provides a brief listing of online adoption and foster care resources available from AdoptUsKids and Child Welfare Information Gateway. One side is printed in English; the other is printed in Spanish.

Title: Grant Projects Focus on Workforce and Recuitment and Retention.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This resource paper discusses the eight projects funded by 5-year Children's Bureau grants, beginning in 2003, for "Developing Models of Effective Child Welfare Staff Recruitment and Retention Training." The paper looks at some of the cluster's early findings, as well as anecdotal evidence for the projects' effectiveness. Early findings are discussed in the areas of the hiring process, improvements in the workplace culture, training, technology optimization, and customized solutions. (Author abstract)

Title: An Integrative Approach Involving the Biological and Foster Family Systems (Chapter 9 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Sumner-Mayer, Kim.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter focuses on facilitating positive and productive birth family-foster family relationships in the interest of preferred outcomes for children. It considers the importance of collaboration, central organizing perspectives for birth family-foster family work, the role of each major party in the relational equation, and strategies for maximizing the chances of positive and productive relationships. Finally, it considers the critical importance of transitions in foster placements. A case example is provided. 39 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: 10 Top Tips for Placing Siblings.
Author(s): Argent, Hedi.
Published: 2008
Available from: British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF)
http://www.baaf.org.uk/
Skyline House, 200 Union Street
London SE1 0LX
Abstract: This book explores key principles involved in placing sibling groups in care. Each of the ten chapters presents a tip for practitioners working with sibling groups in the United Kingdom. The tips include: allow children to say who their brothers and sisters are; know the policy and guidance; keep siblings together and help siblings to part; make kinship care for siblings the first choice; recruit and prepare families for each sibling group; devise strategies to help unrelated children to become sisters and brothers; support siblings and families after placement; ensure that parted siblings can share their lives; and use a checklist to keep in mind key points for working with siblings. An epilogue shares the childhood story of an adult who grew up with foster siblings. The text closes with a list of useful organizations in the United Kingdom.

Title: 10 Top Tips for Preparing Care Leavers.
Author(s): Bond, Henrietta.
Published: 2008
Available from: British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF)
http://www.baaf.org.uk/
Skyline House, 200 Union Street
London SE1 0LX
Abstract: Based on the views and experiences of young people who have left foster care, this book offers tips to professionals in the United Kingdom for helping youth transition to independent living. The following ten tips are discussed: set out to be a great corporate parent and be aware of entitlements for young people; recognize the individuality of each young person; create the foundations of a positive and long-lasting relationship; create a great Pathway Plan that truly reflects the individual young person; have high aspirations for young people and encourage them to fulfill their potential; ensure young people have practical skills for young adult life; enable young people to get the best out of their budget and avoid debts; support young people to find housing and access benefits; support young people to prepare for and make the move as successful as possible; and provide ongoing support and help young people create strategies for living by themselves. The text closes with a list of useful organizations.

Title: Effective Teaching and At-Risk/Highly Mobile Students: What Do Award-Winning Teachers Do?: Case Studies of Award-Winning Teachers of At-Risk/Highly Mobile Students.
Author(s): Stronge, James H.;Popp, Patricia A.;Grant, Leslie W.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Document available online at: http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/eff_teach.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and findings of a federally funded study that explored best practices and characteristics of successful teachers of at-risk/highly mobile students. The study examined the literature related to effective teaching and at-risk/highly mobile students, identified six teachers who had won national and/or State awards for working with these populations of students, and explored the beliefs and practices of the six teachers. Section 1 of the report provides the context for the study, including background information and an overview of the study. Section 2 includes a review of the literature related to effective teaching and working with at-risk/highly mobile students and provides the framework for the study. The following section describes the methods used for participant selection, a description of each participant included in the study, instruments used in the study, data collection techniques, and data analysis techniques. Section 4 details the results of the research project including data from observations and interviews with the award-winning teachers. A qualitative analysis of the interview data found the teachers focus on student needs while maintaining an academic focus. They have high expectations of students and are committed to ensuring that students had what they needed to succeed. The in-class observation data reflected the teacher beliefs and practices gleaned from the interviews. The teachers maintained high student engagement, used a variety of instructional activities, and focused on a wide range of cognitive levels in the questions asked as well as the instructional activities. Mostly, the instruction was teacher-directed and teachers asked a significant majority of the questions recorded. The final section includes a summary and discussion of the findings from the interviews and the in-class observations. Recommendations are made based on the findings. 11 tables and 3 figures. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Creative Funding Strategies for Youth Permanence: Charts and Definitions.
Author(s): Schmid, Donald L.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Convenings on Youth Permanence
http://www.youthpermanence.org/
Printable version (PDF): http://www.youthpermanence.org/_pdf/materials/mat_2008/cfunding_charts_2008.pdf
Abstract: A pamphlet from the Annie E. Casey Foundation/Casey Family Services that provides definitions of child welfare services and funding streams, as with accompanying charts, that reflect how these streams can support innovative permanency practice. (Author abstract)

Title: Post-Secondary Education and Training Support Utilization by Students from Foster Care: Findings from Scholarship Recipient Interviews.
Author(s): Sim, Kelly E.;Emerson, John.;O'Brien, Kirk.;Pecora, Peter J.;Silva, Letitia.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Public Child Welfare
v. 2, 1, 2008, p. 109-129
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The United States federal government estimated that 513,000 children were in foster care as of September 30, 2005. Neglected or abused children are at higher risk for school failure at the secondary and post-secondary levels. Because educational achievement is a powerful determinant of future life success, the educational needs of current and former foster care youth is of particular concern. In the present study, 115 former foster care youth enrolled currently or formerly in Casey Family Programs' (Casey) Continuing Education and Job Training (CEJT) scholarship program were surveyed to explore the kinds of supports and services they utilized as part of their continuing education. It was found that program completers reported utilizing academic and financial assistance the least, while non-completers reported using academic help the most. Additionally, findings suggest that informal supports such as foster or birth family and friends were utilized most for academic and emotional assistance. Meanwhile, formal supports such as the school/institution, foster care agency resources, and community resources were utilized most for financial and medical/dental assistance. Policy and practice recommendations for post-secondary support professionals are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Summary and Section-by-Section Description of the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 (H.R. 6893).
Author(s): Stoltzfus, Emilie.
Published: 2008
Available from: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service
http://www.opencrs.com
101 Independence Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20540-7500
Abstract: This memorandum provides a section-by-section overview of major provisions included in the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 (H.R. 6893). (Author abstract)

Title: Ambiguous Loss: A Key Component of Foster Care (Chapter 5 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Lee, Robert E.;Whiting, Jason B.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: How feelings of ambiguous loss shape foster children are discussed and findings are shared from semi-structured interviews of 23 foster children (ages 7-12) and the responses of 182 foster children (ages 2-10) to pictures depicting a puppy in relationship to its family. Findings indicate the children experienced unresolved grief and feelings of helplessness. Implications for practitioners are considered. 16 references.

Title: The Case for Relational Therapy with Young Children in Foster Care (Chapter 6 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Lee, Robert E.;Stacks, Ann M.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter discusses the need for foster care therapeutic interventions to focus on the parent-child relationship itself, and provide parents insight into the connection between their own relationship histories and their relationship with their children. The benefits of providing family therapy during supervised visitation are explained and an illustration is given in which court-ordered family visitation provided an opportunity for relational assessment and interventions. 35 references.

Title: The Cost and Benefits of Cash and Services to Kinship Caregivers.
Author(s): Dorch, Edwina.;Mumpower, Jeryl.;Jochnowitz, Leona.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Social work in public health
v. 23, 6, 2008, p. 55-73
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The federal government provides payments to foster parents and licensed relatives who care for abused and neglected children through Title IV-E funds. However, unlicensed relatives must seek assistance through another federal program, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, which provides lesser amounts of assistance than provided to foster parents and licensed relatives. To redress differences, many states provide supplemental assistance to relative caregivers. This paper profiles one Northeastern state's approach to caregiver rate disparities. The profiled Northeastern state contracted with 17 nonprofit agencies to provide 19 social services. The amount paid for services increased the total public assistance to relative caregivers but also caused licensed relative caregivers to receive more than all other types of caregivers receiving public assistance, thus continuing not eliminating caregiver rate disparities. In addition, services increased during the contract period but decreased again after the contract ended. Further, contract amounts were reduced each year of a 3-year contract. Policy implications for child safety, well-being, and placement permanence are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Providing Developmentally Appropriate Family Therapy (Chapter 8 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): McWey, Lenore M.;Donovan, Patricia D.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter describes the special needs of infants, toddlers, preschoolers, early elementary and middle childhood children, and early, middle, and late adolescents. It then discusses how to use relational therapy to create a milieu that meets these needs. Specific treatment considerations when working with families involved in the foster care system are addressed. A case example is provided. 65 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Role Perceptions of Foster Care in African American Kinship and Nonkinship Foster Parents: A Quantitative Analysis.
Author(s): Warde, Bryan.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Family Social Work
v. 11, 3, 2008, p. 272-286
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This article reports on a study that examined a cohort of African American kinship (n = 57) and nonkinship (n = 53) foster parents' perceptions of their role responsibilities as a foster care provider. The Foster Parent Role Perception (FPRP) scale was used to measure perceived role responsibility. Results indicated that both the kinship and nonkinship foster parents perceived their primary role responsibilities as that of caring for the needs of the foster child(ren), while perceiving much less role responsibility for working with the biological family of the child(ren) or partnering with the agency. The implications of these findings for practice are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Placing Children with Kin: Assessment and Financial Support (Chapter 6 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom, this chapter discusses the children's backgrounds before they began to be looked after, how they came to be placed with relatives or friends, the arrangements for assessing and regulating the placements, and the financial support provided. Findings indicated kin carers had varying experiences of assessment and were provided financial payments at lower rates than for unrelated foster carers.

Title: Clinical Training of MFTs for Adoption, Foster Care, and Child Development Settings: A Comparative Survey of CACREP, COAMFTE, and CSWE Accredited Programs.
Author(s): Weir, Kyle N.;Fife, Stephen T.;Whiting, Jason B.;Blazewick, Alicia.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of family psychotherapy : the official journal of the International Family Therapy Association.
v. 19, 1, 2008, p. 277-290
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Marriage and family therapists (MFTs) are well prepared to work with clinical issues related to adoption, foster care, and child welfare. Yet, it is unclear how many MFTs see these as viable career opportunities, and it is also unclear if typical clinical training includes content in these areas. Surveys were sent to Commission for Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy Education (COAMFTE), Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP), and Council of Social Work Education (CSWE) clinical training programs to assess levels of training in three content areas: adoption, foster care, and child development. Results indicated that many graduates from COAMFTE accredited programs enter adoption and foster care work settings. Although COAMFTE graduates are well trained in child development, most MFTs, social workers, and counselors lack specific training in adoption and foster care. This study has curricular, funding, and mental health parity implications. (Author abstract)

Title: Examination of Substantiated Lack of Supervision and Its Impact On Out-of-Home Placement: A National Sample.
Author(s): Carter, Vernon.;Myers, Miranda.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Public Child Welfare
v. 2, 1, 2008, p. 51-70
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study utilized a national child welfare sample to explore the relationship between child and family characteristics, substantiated lack of supervision, and foster care placement outcomes. The sample comprised 418 cases of children receiving child protective services. Findings revealed a higher percentage of White children to be inadequately supervised compared with African American children; however, African American children were more likely to be placed in out-of-home care. The odds of being placed in foster care tripled (OR = 2.82, p < .05) for inadequately supervised African American children compared with White children. (Author abstract)

Title: Caring for Children: Contact, Standards of Care and the Impact of the Children on the Kin Carers (Chapter 8 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom, this chapter examines children's contact with family members, how well kin carers were able to protect children from their parents when necessary, and the few placements where standards of care were unacceptably low. Finally, the impact on the carers of looking after the children is considered. Findings indicate many children enjoyed regular contact with extended family, however contact with parents was often less harmonious. The majority of carers were able to protect children from their parents and only 6% failed to do so. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Foster Parents Speak: Preferred Characteristics of Foster Children and Experiences in the Role of Foster Parent.
Author(s): Rosenwald, Mitchell.;Bronstein, Laura.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Family Social Work
v. 11, 3, 2008, p. 287-302
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Foster parents play a pivotal role in the child welfare system. A study that employed focus groups with foster parents was conducted at a private foster care agency with the initial purpose of understanding the characteristics of foster children that foster parents both preferred and not preferred. In the qualitative research tradition, their answers addressed the topic of characteristics and expanded to provide additional data on their experience as foster parents. Using theme analysis, the following themes were generated: foster care as service; foster parents' preferences of foster children's characteristics; foster parents do not feel valued or trusted; increased caseworker and foster parent partnership; problems in the foster care and related systems; and focus group as support. Implications for research and practice are forwarded. (Author abstract)

Title: Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008: 110 P.L. 351; 122 Stat. 3949; 2008 Enacted H.R. 6893; 110 Enacted H.R. 6893.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: Amends title IV-E to permit States to claim Federal reimbursement for part of the cost of providing kinship guardianship assistance to relatives who become legal guardians of children who have been in foster care. The Act also amends title IV-B to authorize Family Connection Grants for support of kinship navigator programs and other services to help children in, or at risk of entering, foster care to reconnect with family members. It provides or revises requirements for case-by-case waiver of licensing standards for relatives; adoptive or guardianship placement for children older than age 18; a transition plan for children aging out of foster care; short-term training for child welfare agencies, relative guardians, and court personnel; educational stability of the child while in foster care; ongoing oversight and coordination of health care services for any child in a foster care placement; placement of siblings in the same foster care, kinship guardianship, or adoptive placement; foster care and tribal programs operated by Indian tribal organizations; and adoption of children with special needs.

Title: Fathers, Mothers and Marriages: What Shapes Adoption Conversations in Families with Young Adopted Children?
Author(s): Freeark, Kristine.;Rosenblum, Katherine L.;Hus, Vanessa H.;Root, Briana L.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Adoption Quarterly
v. 11, 1, 2008, p. 1-23
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: We explored factors that influence parental involvement in adoption dialogues in 66 internationally adoptive, heterosexual couples with 4to 7-year old children. Correlates of adoption involvement varied by parent sex. Mothers were more involved in talking about adoption than fathers, but adoption involvement was also correlated within couples. Emphasis on the difference between biological versus adoptive parenting, quality of the marital relationship, and child characteristics were differentially associated with maternal and paternal involvement. Findings suggest an intricate interplay between the marital and co-parental dynamics that shape the early communication process within adoptive families. (Author abstract)

Title: Young People Need Families: Practice Strategies to Make Permanence a Priority.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Convenings on Youth Permanence
http://www.youthpermanence.org/
Printable version (PDF): http://www.youthpermanence.org/_pdf/materials/mat_2008/youth_need_families.pdf
Abstract: An essay that describes how young people need family, as well as families with strong relationships; effective preparation for adulthood, including life skills development; a strong education coupled with job readiness and career planning; and access to quality housing and health care. (Author abstract)

Title: Final Progress Report: Research and Evaluation of Child Abuse Prevention Services. Center for Child and Family Adversity at Columbus Children's Hospital. Grant # 90-XA-0104.
Author(s): Scribano, Philip V.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This final report describes the activities of a federally funded program designed to implement six separate research protocols, including: the ePassport project designed to provide patient-level personal health records for foster care children and youth; urine nucleic acid amplification testing for sexually transmitted infections in sexual abuse patients; evaluation of universal domestic violence screening in child advocacy centers; evaluation of a child's emotional response as a result of the ano-genital examination in suspected sexual abuse; evaluation of the use of mental health services of children referred to trauma specific victim treatment; and the Nurse Family Partnership project. The protocols were implemented and successfully completed or still in active data collection phases of the projects. Problems related to ePassport software production and delivery delays are noted and findings from the project are shared.

Title: Permanency Planning for Immigrant Youth in Care: Complex Needs, Comprehensive Strategies.
Author(s): Earner, Ilsa.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Association of Social Workers (NASW), New York City Chapter
http://www.naswnyc.org/
50 Broadway, 10th Floor
New York, NY 10004
Document available online at: http://www.naswnyc.org/CSPP/ImmigrantYouth.html
Abstract: This fact sheet presents a brief overview of factors that affect permanency planning for immigrant youth in New York City and recommends resources for those who work with immigrant families and children. Characteristics of immigrant youth are discussed, as well as challenges faced by immigrant youth, reasons immigrant youth come to the attention of child welfare agencies, and strategies child welfare workers can use to assist immigrant youth. 20 references.

Title: Reinforcing the Importance of Attachment for Child Welfare Practice.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: CASCW Practice Notes
19, June 2007, p. 1-8
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/PN_19_Attachment.pdf
Abstract: This issue brief discusses the importance of attachment in child development and the relevance of attachment theory for the case planning and prevention tasks in child welfare. It explains the significance of attachment, the development of the attachment theory, attachment and culture, and how attachment theory provides a framework for understanding and treating the development effects of child abuse and neglect. Strategies for caring for very young children in foster care are provided, as well as answers to questions on assessing attachment and practice implications. Numerous references.

Title: Financial Stability Resource Guide: Earn it. Keep it. Save it.
Published: 2007
Available from: Tennessee Youth Advisory Council
http://www.tnfosteryouth.org/
Oasis Center
1221 16th Avenue South
Nashville, TN 37212
Printable version (PDF): http://www.tnfosteryouth.org/fosteringsuccess/Fostering%20Resource%20Guide_lowRes.pdf
Abstract: This resource guide is designed to assist foster youth in accessing financial services. Organizations and contact information are provided for credit repair, financial education, housing and homebuying assistance, HUD/THDA certified housing counselors, small business counseling and resources, savings accounts and Individual Development Accounts, financial assistance for education, employment and job skills, and general financial resources.

Title: Pre and Post Emancipated Youth: Is Camelot Still a Dream?
Published: 2007
Available from: Orange County Grand Jury
www.ocgrandjury.org/
Superior Court of California
County of Orange County
700 Civic Center Drive West, Room A100

Santa Ana, CA 92702-1970
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ocgrandjury.org/pdfs/20070606.pdf
Abstract: This report builds on previous Grand Jury reports in examining whether the opportunities provided to the invisible minority of Orange County youth who are involved in the foster care, probation, and Social Services systems, are improving or merely being documented without substantive changes being implemented. Data was derived from previous Grand Jury reports, interviews with selected health and social services staff, and site visits to San Pasqual Academy in San Diego County and Orangewood Children's Home. Results are reported for services related to transitional housing, outreach, education, transportation, vocational education services, independent living skills, financial assistance, emancipation services, mentoring, and other services. Findings indicate programs for pre- and post-emancipated youth have been proposed, started, enhanced, downsized, or discontinued. Inconsistent funding streams and changing legislation coupled with local priorities have all caused direct impacts to starting and maintaining individual programs. Recommendations are made for helping youth in the areas of housing, education and training, independent living, and maintaining personal relationships, as well as specific recommendations for the Social Security Administration.

Title: Infant Family Court Teams for Change. Final Performance Report. 90-XA-0119.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This final report describes the activities and accomplishments of a federally funded program designed to raise awareness, increase knowledge and skills, and change practices for meeting the needs of maltreated infants and toddlers and their families involved in the child welfare system in Forrest County, Mississippi. The Infant Family Court Team for Change brings together key community leaders such as Court Appointed Special Advocates, Guardians ad Litem, and child welfare, mental health and medical professionals to develop a comprehensive approach to address the complex needs of these infants and toddlers and their families and reduce the recurrence of abuse and neglect. The Court Team monitors foster care cases involving infants and toddlers, and creates service plans that are specific to the needs of each child and family. The outcomes of Court Teams in five different States are highlighted, as well as those in Forrest County, Mississippi. Major accomplishments in Forrest County include the development of a case management database, a video and training guide on using the science of early childhood development in court, and a resource directory, and the implementation of staff supervision strategies and staff training activities. 8 references.

Title: Aged-Out and Homeless in Philadelphia.
Author(s): Meyers, Kathleen.;White, Tammy.;Whalen, Mary.;DiLorenzo, Paul.
Published: 2007
Available from: Greater Philadelphia Urban Affairs Coalition
http://www.gpuac.org/
1207 Chestnut Street, Suite 700
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Printable version (PDF): http://www.gpuac.org/documents/Aged-OutandHomelessinPhiladelphia.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the findings of a study that investigated the needs and experiences of youth in Philadelphia who had become homeless after aging-out of the child welfare system. The study sought to identify types of services youth received and the planning process leading to their discharge from care; identify strategies, strengths, weaknesses and gaps in services and planning for this group; determine the needs of young adults who are currently homeless and have been in substitute care at ages 16 or older; and provide specific recommendations for improved services to youth prior to leaving care and in the delivery of services to homeless young adults. The study obtained qualitative data through interviews and focus groups with homeless young adults who had been in Philadelphia's substitute care system (n=77 participants), and through key informant interviews with individuals with vast knowledge of Philadelphia's service system and the needs of homeless young adults (n=16 participants). Additional quantitative data was collected through surveys of homeless young adults who had been in Philadelphia's substitute care system (n=75). Finally, a policy analysis was conducted to assess how federal, State, and local jurisdictions addressed key issues facing this population through laws, regulations and administrative policies. Findings indicate the system in its entirety failed to meet some of the key needs of the vast majority of participant youth. Results from the study are shared in the areas of in-care experiences that impact social-emotional growth, educational attainment, comprehensive, targeted service delivery, independence, transition planning, and discharge from care. It concludes homeless youth who have aged out of DHS care face significant barriers to living independently and experience a poor quality of life. Recommendations for system reform are discussed and strategies are offered to address each finding. Numerous charts and 46 references.

Title: Definitional Field Guide for AFCARS Elements Used in the CFSR Permanency Measures.
Author(s): Tromble, Kristen.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children and Family Research Center
http://cfrcwww.social.uiuc.edu/welcome.htm
School of Social Work, UIUC
1203 W. Oregon
Urbana, IL 61801
Printable version (PDF): http://cfrcwww.social.uiuc.edu/pubs/Pdf.files/Field_Guide_AFCARS_Permanence.pdf
Abstract: The overall goal of this Guide is to support the production of accurate permanency measures that are both internally consistent and, given the wide variation in state policies and practices, as comparable as possible with other states' measures. To meet this goal, the Guide compiles a set of common definitions that may be used to inform development in three broad areas: information systems, field guidance, and policy and procedure. The Guide is designed primarily to address the first of these areas, information systems, and specifically targets the process of translating (or mapping) data from a state's information system to meet the federal requirements for data reported to AFCARS. By considering the definitions in this Guide, states may also identify refinements to their system design for the collection, validation or storage of data that will improve consistency. Secondarily, this Guide may also inform revisions to state policies or field guidance, such as training curriculum, that would improve the completeness and consistency of data collected for the permanency measures. (Author abstract)

Title: Wisconsin Pre-Placement Training for Foster Parents [Trainer and Participant Manuals].
Published: 2007
Available from: Foster Care and Adoption Resource Center
http://www.wifostercareandadoption.org/
6682 West Greenfield Suite 310
West Allis, WI 53214
Printable version (PDF): http://www.wifostercareandadoption.org/library/383/training.zip
Abstract: These trainer and participant manuals are designed to be used to prepare prospective foster parents in Wisconsin. The material presented is divided into three sections. The first section addresses agency systems, laws, and processes. Information is provided on the basic needs of children in out-of-home care, the safety and permanence goals of the child welfare system, legal processes, the rights of individuals in the child welfare system, and roles and responsibilities of foster parents. The second section focuses on system expectations of foster parents, including expectations relating to nurturing care and discipline, transportation, maintaining family connectedness, confidentiality, and safety. The final section includes information needed by foster parents and addresses cultural competence, child development, feelings of grief and loss, the effects of fostering on families, and reimbursement for care. The materials also include PowerPoint presentation slides and tips for trainers for implementing training for groups and for individual families, for putting together training manuals for participants, and for evaluation of the training.

Title: Helping Your Child Succeed in School: An Education Handbook for Parents and Caregivers of Children and Youth in the Foster Care System.
Author(s): Shea, Nancy M.;Weinberg, Lois A.;Zetlin, Andrea.
Published: 2006
Available from: Mental Health Advocacy Services
http://www.mhas-la.org/
3255 Wilshire Blvd. #902
Los Angeles, CA 90010
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mhas-la.org/HANDBOOK%20_REVISED%2012-29-06.pdf
Abstract: Developed for parents and caregivers of children and youth in the child welfare system, this handbook answers questions about the California school system. An introductory chapter explains the educational bureaucracy and different types of schools. Chapter 2 answers questions related to who has the authority to make decisions about education for foster children and youth. The following chapter reviews general education provisions and answers questions on a child's right to an education, attendance and enrollment requirements, school records, the No Child Left Behind law, California's required exams , graduation requirements, and special programs and alternative school options. Special education issues are covered in Chapter 4 and cover the referral and assessment process, the Individualized Education Program (IEP), AB3632 services, assistive technology, transition services, due process, compliance complaints, early intervention services, and 504 services. Chapter 5 focuses on discipline and explains disciplinary procedures for children with and without disabilities. Appendices include sample letters requesting evaluation for special education and for reviewing the IEP.

Title: Staff Screening Tool Kit.
Published: 2004
Available from: Nonprofit Risk Management Center
http://www.nonprofitrisk.org
1001 Connecticut Ave. NW
Suite 410
Washington, DC 20036
Printable version (PDF): http://nationalserviceresources.org/files/legacy/filemanager/download/ProgramMgmt/Staff_Screen_tool.pdf
Abstract: This publication is designed to assist nonprofits in screening paid and volunteer staff. It begins by providing a checklist that organizations can use to design a staff screening process. It reviews the objectives of screening, risks that a staff member may pose to a nonprofit's clientele, organization, and applicants, and techniques for tailoring the screening process to address risk factors. A matrix is provided that illustrates the child sexual abuse risk exposure. Chapter 2 reviews legal issues pertaining to screening and risk management strategies for legal screening, and Chapter 3 discusses the use of position descriptions and selection criteria to select the most qualified individual for a particular vacancy in the nonprofit and eliminate applicants who constitute a possible threat to service recipients, other staff, and to the organization. Chapter 4 focuses on recruitment and applications and discusses the construction of application forms and the kinds of information organizations should require in order to make informed decisions. Chapter 5 presents information about important interview goals, interviewing techniques, and risk management-related questions and issues germane to conducting interviews. The following chapter offers tips on checking references of staff members who will work with vulnerable populations or in other positions of trust within a nonprofit organization. Chapter 7 considers record checks and discusses the kinds of information available, the sources of the information, and applicable laws regarding use of the information. Other screening techniques are covered in Chapter 8, along with their application and misapplications in the screening process. The final chapter discusses how nonprofit organizations can use the various staff screening tools presented to customize a search, including the position descriptions, applications, interviews, reference checks, record checks, and other screening techniques. Chapters include checklists and a Tools section that contains sample forms and other useful information. 26 references.

Title: Visitation: Through the Eyes of a Child.
Published: 2003
Journal Name: CASCW Practice Notes
13, January 2003, p. 1-8
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/PracticeNotes13.pdf
Abstract: This practice brief discusses visitation when a child is involved in the Minnesota child welfare system with a special emphasis on two situations of separation and loss requiring specific attention: sibling separation and children with incarcerated mothers. The legal right of siblings to visit one another is reviewed, as well as the importance of maintaining a sibling bond, and strategies for assessing the intensity of the sibling relationship. Guidelines for fostering the sibling relationship and for developing a visitation plan are provided. Successful programs that have enabled siblings in foster care to keep contact with one another are also highlighted. The second part of the brief explores how children respond when a parent is incarcerated, best practices for preserving the child-parent relationship, and guidelines for visitation arrangements. 3 references.

Title: Ohio Population News: Aging Out of Foster Care.
Published: 2003
Available from: Center for Family and Demographic Research
http://www.bgsu.edu/organizations/cfdr/
Bowling Green State University
009 Williams Hall

Bowling Green, OH 43403
Printable version (PDF): http://www.bgsu.edu/downloads/cas/file36237.pdf
Abstract: This CFDR policy brief examines the process of transitioning out of the foster care system from the perspectives of those who have experienced it firsthand. In 2003, we interviewed foster care parents who provide care for older teen foster children who aged out of foster care; social workers and case managers who plan placements, provide independent living skills training, and monitor the success of emancipated foster youth; and fostercare-experienced youth themselves. Each of these groups has unique insights about the challenges facing youth who come of age in foster care. We explore their views about the effectiveness of current policies and programs for foster care children aging out of the system, their advice about what policymakers and legislators, judges, caseworkers, and foster parents should keep in mind as they help young adults leave foster care; and their suggestions for improvements to foster care systems that would aid teenagers and young adults to become independent. (Author abstract)

Title: Improving Educational Prospects for Foster Youth.
Author(s): Weinberg, Lois A.;Zetlin, Andrea G.;Shea, Nancy M.
Published: 2003
Available from: Mental Health Advocacy Services
http://www.mhas-la.org/
3255 Wilshire Blvd. #902
Los Angeles, CA 90010
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mhas-la.org/ImprovingEducFosterYouth.pdf
Abstract: To determine what strategy should be used to start addressing the educational barriers facing foster children in California, a planning process was initiated with the support of the Stuart Foundation. Data collection for the planning process was from three sources: 57 surveys of county offices of education and child welfare agencies; focus groups conducted with foster youth, educational and child welfare researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in northern, central and southern California; and targeted interviews with 12 individuals involved in a variety of capacities with the foster care system. Data from the surveys identified programs throughout the State that support the education of foster youth. Counties without any services also were identified. Based on focus group discussions, interviews with key informants, and survey information, background issues and potential solutions for the educational problems facing foster youth were identified and are discussed in the following areas: placement instability, treatment/ education programs, records transfer/database, accountability/monitoring outcomes, advocacy/mentoring, interagency collaboration/coordination, confidentiality, training, and funding. Specific recommendations for next steps for remedying the educational problems facing foster youth are made. 3 tables and 11 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Education Initiative Final Evaluation Report.
Author(s): Zetlin, Andrea.
Published: 2001
Available from: Mental Health Advocacy Services
http://www.mhas-la.org/
3255 Wilshire Blvd. #902
Los Angeles, CA 90010
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mhas-la.org/Ed%20Liaison%20Model-App%20G.pdf
Abstract: This final report explains the objectives and outcomes of the Education Initiative, a program implemented by the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) to ensure that agency workers focused more attention on the educational needs and schooling of foster children. The main goal of the initiative was to provide technical assistance and training to caseworkers to help them become more aware of educational problems and needs that the child might be experiencing. A key component of the initiative is the provision of an Educational Specialist (ES), a liaison from the Los Angeles County Office of Education who is co-located in the DCFS who seeks to secure appropriate and effective programs and services for foster children. An evaluation of the program included data from focus groups with supervisory case services workers, case services workers, and ESs, structured interviews with key participants, ES contact logs, in-depth case studies of 23 foster youth who experienced educaitonal challenges, a review of 300 random cases, interviews with caregivers, and a review of school records. Data from case files, caseworkers, caregivers, and school records confirm the effectiveness of the Education Initiative as a viable model. Within the pilot offices, the evidence shows that having a liaison from the school district accessible as a resource for DCFS workers increased their knowledge about the school system and the attention they directed to educational needs of children on their caseloads. 8 tables.

Title: Kinship Care.
Published: 2001
Available from: Center for Families at Purdue University
http://www.cfs.purdue.edu/CFF/
1200 W. State Street

West Lafayette, IN 47907-2055
Printable version (PDF): http://aysps.gsu.edu/ghpc/child_policy_initiative/issue_briefs/cpbkinshipcare0101.pdf
Abstract: Designed for Georgia child welfare professionals, this brief explains kinship care and emphasizes the need to support kinship caregivers. Information is provided on the number of foster children in stable and unstable living arrangements with grandparent-headed families in Georgia and the needs of kinship caregivers, including their need for secure legal status, financial support, and health care access. Sources of cash assistance for kinship caregivers and their limitations are outlined, and financial assistance programs other States have implemented are described. A recommendation is made for the development of a subsidized legal guardianship program.

Title: Assuring the Well-Being of School-Aged Children in Foster Care.
Published: 2000
Journal Name: CASCW Practice Notes
v. 3, 2, Winter 2000,
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/practice_notes8.pdf
Abstract: This practice brief explains strategies child welfare professionals can use to ensure the well-being of Minnesota school-aged children in foster care. It reviews factors related to better adjustment in foster care placements, discusses ways to conduct a child-centered assessment of well-being, and provides guidelines for using geograms. A model framework for providing child-centered services to children in out-of-home placements is offered, as well as a list of standards for caregivers of children in foster care. The brief closes with recommendations for providing foster children services in the areas of education, mental health, and physical health. Examples of physical health programs for foster children in other States are included. 5 references.

Title: Grandparents: Raising Our Children's Children.
Author(s): Williams, Doris K.
Published: 2000
Available from: University of Idaho
http://info.ag.uidaho.edu/
Resources for Idaho, Publications and Videos
P.O. Box 442240
Moscow, ID 83844-2240
Printable version (PDF): http://info.ag.uidaho.edu/Resources/PDFs/BUL0823.pdf
Abstract: Designed for grandparent caregivers, this handbook provides information on raising grandchildren, coping with the challenges, and accessing support services. It begins with a discussion of coping with the initial shock of parenting again and reasons why more grandparents are raising their grandchildren. Chapter 2 explores concerns about parenting when you are older, handling job and privacy issues, and dealing with health concerns. The following chapter explains the challenge of parenting two generations of kids, what to tell the grandchildren about their care situations, relating to adult children, and visitation. A sample contract between grandparent caregivers and birthparents is offered. Chapter 4 reviews positive parenting practices, getting medical coverage for the grandchildren, schooling, and common behavioral and learning problems. The costs involved in raising a child are addressed in Chapter 5, along with information on public and private financial assistance. Following chapters consider legal issues, the need for documentation to win custody, making the choice to parent again, and organizations and agencies caregiving grandparents can turn to for support.

Title: Multi-Ethnic Placement Act and Amendments: Potential Impacts on Indian Children.
Published: 2000
Available from: National Indian Child Welfare Association (NICWA)
http://www.nicwa.org/
5100 S.W. Macadam Avenue, Suite 300
Portland, OR 97239
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nicwa.org/law/mepa/MEPA.pdf
Abstract: This brief begins by reviewing the legislative history of the Multi-Ethnic Placement Act (MEPA), an Act that was passed in response to a belief that policies that gave consideration to race, color or national origin in making foster care and adoptive placement decisions often created a barrier to achieving permanency for children of color. Changes in the law that were enacted by the Removing Barriers to Interethnic Adoption amendments are also explained. The brief then outlines the provisions of the amendments and clarifies that the new guidelines under the legislation do not apply to placements made for eligible Indian children under the Indian Child Welfare Act.

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A Service of the Children's Bureau, Administration for Children and Families,
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

For more information contact:

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau

Child Welfare Information Gateway Children's Bureau/ACYF 1250 Maryland Avenue, SW Eighth Floor Washington, DC 20024 800.394.3366 Email: info@childwelfare.gov