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Safety - Results (79 Publications)
Title: Child Sexual Abuse: Issues and Challenges.
Author(s): Smith, Megan J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nova Science Publishers
https://www.novapublishers.com/
400 Oser Ave., Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788-3619
Abstract: This text presents recent and significant research on the prevalence and impact of child and adolescent sexual abuse around the globe. It begins with perspectives on awareness work in the field of sexual abuse of children in digital media, and statistics on the the incidence of childhood sexual abuse in Botswana. Following chapters share findings from research and review studies on childhood sexual abuse. The studies address: the effectiveness of Criterion-Based Content Analysis for distinguishing true and false memories of childhood sexual abuse; developmental consequences of childhood sexual abuse; the impact of childhood sexual abuse on women's sexual interactions and satisfaction in adult romantic relationships; facilitating transition via group work with survivors of child sexual abuse; methods for incorporating measures of childhood sexual abuse into genetically informative studies of psychopathology; the sexual abuse of pupils by teachers in Zimbabwe; childhood sexual abuse and substance use problems; the neglect of contextual factors in studies of child sexual abuse; endometriosis and sexual abuse; sexual aggression amongst the underaged; corporal punishment in schools and challenges faced in Africa in the new millennium; peri-traumatic psychopathology amongst sexual abused minors; and the criminal careers of Dutch adolescent sex offenders. Numerous references.
Title: Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements.
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Children are frequently cared for by relatives and friends when parents, for whatever reason, are unable to care for their children themselves. Yet there has been very little information about how well children do when placed with kin or how safe they are in these placements. This book compares formal kinship care to traditional foster placements in order to ascertain which children are placed with kin, in what circumstances, how well such children progress, and how often these placements disrupt. The authors explore whether children placed with family and friends fare better or worse than other foster children, what services are provided and needed, and how kin care is experienced by carers, children and social workers. (Author abstract)
Title: Placing Children with Kin: Assessment and Financial Support (Chapter 6 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom, this chapter discusses the children's backgrounds before they began to be looked after, how they came to be placed with relatives or friends, the arrangements for assessing and regulating the placements, and the financial support provided. Findings indicated kin carers had varying experiences of assessment and were provided financial payments at lower rates than for unrelated foster carers.
Title: Implications for Policy and Practice (Chapter 10 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This chapter discusses key findings from a review of 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom. Differences in the outcomes of kin care placements in four local authorities are considered, placements with kin are compared with those with unrelated foster carers, and outcomes of the two kinds of placements are described. It is concluded that children placed with family and friends do as well as those with unrelated carers, and that their placements last longer. Recommendations for policy in the United Kingdom are made.
Title: Preventing Child Sexual Abuse: Evidence, Policy and Practice.
Author(s): Smallbone, Stephen.;Marshall, William L.;Wortley, Richard (Richard K.)
Published: 2008
Available from: Willan Publishing
www.willanpublishing.co.uk
Culmcott House
Mill Street, Uffculme
Cullompton, Devon, UK
Abstract: This book on child sexual abuse (CSA) discusses the multiple dimensions of CSA, prevention strategies, and treatment for adult and adolescent offenders. Chapter 1 begins by considering how CSA is defined and key empirical dimensions of CSA, including the characteristics of offenders, the characteristics of victims, and the characteristics of the settings in which CSA occurs. Chapter 2 presents a comprehensive, integrated theory of CSA that proposes that the biological foundations of human social behavior provide a universal potential for both prosocial and antisocial behavior, that male sexuality involves both aggressive and nurturing motivations, and that males can be both to be attracted to youthful sexual partners and to protect children from harm. Chapter 3 reviews current approaches to prevention in CSA, considers the implications of the integrated theory for preventing CSA, and suggests key CSA prevention targets. Chapter 4 outlines the conceptual and empirical foundations of developmental prevention in general, and Chapter 5 considers the role of criminal justice systems in preventing and responding to sexual abuse. The treatment of adult and adolescent offenders is discussed in Chapter 6. Chapters 7 and 8 focus on victim-focused prevention interventions and situational prevention strategies. Chapter 9 outlines the conceptual and empirical foundations of community-focused approaches to crime prevention and considers how these approaches could contribute to CSA prevention. The final chapter summarizes twelve points of focus for primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive actions. Numerous references.
Title: Measuring Parent Outcomes in Family Program Evaluation (Chapter 5 in Evaluating Family Programs: Current Issues in Theory and Policy).
Author(s): Upshur, Carole C.
Published: 2008
Available from: Transaction Publishers
http://www.transactionpub.com/cgi-bin/transactionpublishers.storefront
390 Campus Dr.
Somerset, NJ 07830
Abstract: This chapter reviews evidence supporting the notion that parent and family development crucially affects the development of the child. Parent and family variables are then discussed and specific measures and instruments that can be used in evaluating parent outcomes are identified. The Caldwell and Bradley HOME instrument, the Strom Parent as a Teacher measure, and the Parenting Stress Index are highlighted. 62 references.
Title: Measuring Family Systems Outcomes (Chapter 6 in Evaluating Family Programs: Current Issues in Theory and Policy).
Author(s): Walker, Deborah Klein.;Crocker, Ruth W.
Published: 2008
Available from: Transaction Publishers
http://www.transactionpub.com/cgi-bin/transactionpublishers.storefront
390 Campus Dr.
Somerset, NJ 07830
Abstract: A brief overview of family systems theory and its applications in program evaluations is given followed by descriptions of 14 measures currently available to assess family functioning or family systems outcomes in program evaluations. Questions to consider when selecting a family system outcome measure are provided and recommendations are made. 2 tables and numerous references.
Title: Supervisors as Safety Decision Makers [Website].
Published: 2008
Available from: Action for Child Protection
http://www.actionchildprotection.org/
2101 Sardis Road North, Suite 204
Charlotte, NC 28227
Document available online at:
http://www.actionchildprotection.org/featured_initiatives/supervisors.php
Abstract: This website highlights the Supervisors as Safety Decision Makers project, a project funded by four States to develop a rigorous competency building program that focuses exclusively on safety intervention concepts essential to effective safety intervention and safety decision making. The program is currently being designed by ACTION for Child Protection and is anticipated to be completed by the fall of 2008. The program will combine 24 hours of on-site classroom learning with 90 hours of off-site individualized assignments over a four month period. Information is provided on the concept of the program, program design, objectives of the program, conceptualization of the program as a boot camp training program for supervisors, components of the program, and the importance of supervisor competency in safety decision making.
Title: Latest Findings from Assisted Guardianship Waivers: Tennessee and Wisconsin.
Author(s): Cohen, Leslie.;Miller, Viola.;Testa, Mark.
Published: 2008
Available from: Children and Family Research Center
http://cfrcwww.social.uiuc.edu/welcome.htm
School of Social Work, UIUC
1203 W. Oregon
Urbana, IL 61801
Abstract: This presentation packet reports the findings from two federally funded, five-year demonstration projects designed to test whether the introduction of a subsidized permanent guardianship benefit would result in an increase of permanence and safety for Tennessee and Wisconsin children and an improvement in child outcomes. In the Tennessee study, data was collected on 293 children who were eligible for subsidized permanent guardianship care and 273 who were eligible for all other types of traditional permanency alternatives, including permanent guardianship. Findings indicate a 12.9% point higher rate of discharge to permanent homes from foster care in the demonstration group compared to the cost neutrality group. A total of 78 subsidized guardianships were completed between December 2006 and November 2007. In the Wisconsin study, 157 children were eligible for subsidized permanent guardianship and 163 children were in the control group. Findings indicate there was a 20% permanency advantage for children in the experimental group who were offered the choice of subsidized guardianship compared to children in the control group. Key discussion points are provided. Document Scanned
Title: Identifying and Responding to the Needs of Children in Domestic Violence Shelters: Final Report.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Child and Family Policy
http://www.childandfamilypolicy.duke.edu
Rubenstein Hall
302 Towerview Road
Box 90545
Durham, NC 27708
Printable version (PDF):
http://www-pps.aas.duke.edu/centers/child/evalsvcs/files/Final_Report_DVS_060808.pdf
Abstract: This final report describes the activities and accomplishments of the Domestic Violence Shelter Screening Project (DVSP), a collaborative effort between the Center for Child and Family Health, the Center for Child and Family Policy of Duke University, and six North Carolina domestic violence shelters located in Caldwell, Guilford, Halifax, Robeson, Vance, and Wilson counties. The project developed, implemented, and evaluated the effectiveness of a training protocol that improves the capacities of domestic violence shelter staff to screen, intervene, and refer child shelter residents experiencing distress related to their exposure to violence. The first part of the report summarizes findings of the pilot project which took place Between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2006. The second part of the report summarizes findings of a follow-up evaluation of project sustainability that took place between January 1 2007 and December 31, 2007. During the project, shelter staff was trained on the appropriate, reliable, and valid use of three screening tools to assess child and adolescent posttraumatic stress, psychological symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and child development milestones. Staff also received education in child traumatic stress, behavior management, and techniques to support effective parenting. The quality of the training sessions, level of engagement, and response to training were evaluated. Results indicate: shelter staff members' knowledge of the effects of domestic violence on children was comparable to that expressed at the outset of the project; an initial increase in staff application of behavior management strategies was not sustained during the follow-up period; shelter staff continued to use parenting strategies that they learned as a result of training; screening and referral of children was partially sustained at the time of the follow-up evaluation; and multiple barriers continue to impede staff screening and referral of children to mental health and other support services. Recommendations for program improvement are discussed. 15 figures, 46 tables, and 5 references.
Title: Caring for Children: Contact, Standards of Care and the Impact of the Children on the Kin Carers (Chapter 8 in Kinship Care: Fostering Effective Family and Friends Placements).
Author(s): Farmer, Elaine.;Moyers, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on data from 142 cases and interviews with 32 kin carers in the United Kingdom, this chapter examines children's contact with family members, how well kin carers were able to protect children from their parents when necessary, and the few placements where standards of care were unacceptably low. Finally, the impact on the carers of looking after the children is considered. Findings indicate many children enjoyed regular contact with extended family, however contact with parents was often less harmonious. The majority of carers were able to protect children from their parents and only 6% failed to do so. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Domestic Violence Knowledge Path.
Author(s): Lorenzo, Susan Brune.
Published: 2008
Available from: Maternal and Child Health Library
http://www.mchlibrary.info
National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health
Georgetown University
Box 571272
Washington, DC 20057-1272
Document available online at:
http://www.mchlibrary.info/KnowledgePaths/kp_domviolence.html
Abstract: This knowledge path presents a selection of current, high-quality resources about identifying and responding to domestic violence within the home and the community. A separate section lists resources for families. Other sections present resources about children exposed to domestic violence; dating violence among adolescents; and violence between gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender partners. This knowledge path is aimed at health professionals, program administrators, policymakers, advocates, researchers, employers, and victims of abuse and their families. This path will be updated periodically. (Author abstract)
Title: Improving Family Foster Care: Program Comparison Findings from the Northwest Foster Care Alumni Study.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3
Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/559F588E-FDA9-4A4F-93B7-50C9CC93B313/677/NWAlumniAgencyComparisonsExSummaryFINAL053008.pdf
Abstract: Case record reviews were conducted for 659 alumni (479 of whom were interviewed) who had been in the care of Casey Family Programs (Casey) or the Oregon or Washington State child welfare agencies between 1988 and 1998 as adolescents for one year or more. A comparison of alumni outcomes was completed and the economic value of those differences is discussed. Findings indicate alumni who received higher quality services had significantly fewer placement changes, were substantially less likely to experience adverse events during comparable periods of time in foster care, were at lower risk of foster parent neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse, had 50% reductions in rates of adult major depression and substance use disorders, and were more likely to have completed years of education beyond high school and be employed. 5 references.
Title: Abbreviated Reference Tool For Developmental Milestones (including, Guidelines for Assessing Safety).
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF):
http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/AbbreviatedReferenceTool.pdf
Abstract: This guide provides a list of developmental milestones for infants and children birth through 18 months, 18 months through 36 months, ages 3 through 6 years, 6 years through 12 years, and ages 13 through 21. For each of the age groups, physical, cognitive, and emotional normative developmental guidelines are offered as well as measures of well-being and signs of distress. 2 references.
Title: Proximity and Risk in Children's Witnessing of Intimate Partner Violence Incidents.
Author(s): Gewirtz, Abigail H.;Medhanie, Amanuel.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 67-82
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: There is a dearth of research about event details in children's exposure to adult intimate partner violence (IPV). This article reports data gathered from 507 families (including 1012 children) who called 911 for an IPV incident. A majority of children were present in the home at the time of the violent event, with older children more likely to be directly involved in the violence and to witness incidents with weapons. In order to assess the relationship between exposure to violence and subsequent short-term adjustment, data were analyzed for a subsample of children in 66 families. A combination of acute and chronic risk variables (proximity to the violence and prior trauma history) significantly predicted child functioning within days of the traumatic event. (Author abstract)
Title: The Physiological and Traumatic Effects of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence.
Author(s): Stride, Steve.;Geffner, Robert.;Lincoln, Alan.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 83-101
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study compared the physiological functioning and trauma symptoms of a sample of adult college students who were exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) as children to a sample physically or sexually abused as children and a sample with no history of abuse. Heart rates, levels of salivary cortisol, and trauma symptoms were measured before a stressor, during a stressor, and after relaxation following the stressor. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that there was a strong relationship between childhood exposure to IPV and the development of diagnosable post-traumatic stress symptoms in adulthood. Those exposed to IPV as children also exhibited increased heart rates. Implications for practice and intervention are discussed. (Author abstract)
Title: PATH/Wisconsin - Bremer Project: Preventing Placement Disruptions in Foster Care. Final Report.
Author(s): Jones, Annette Semanchin.;Wells, Susan J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF):
http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/publications/Path_BremerReport.pdf
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and accomplishments of the PATH Bremer Project, a project that conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on preventing placement disruptions in foster care between August 27, 2007 and January 10, 2008. The literature review was organized into two broad topic areas: risk and protective factors for placement stability, and preventing disruptions in foster care. Section 1 of this report includes the full comprehensive review of the current academic literature on preventing disruptions in foster care, as well as an executive summary, annotated bibliography and full bibliographic list of references for the report. Protective factors and risk factors are categorized into the following subsections: the child in placement, foster parents, biological family, and the caseworker and placing agency. The annotated bibliography is included in the form of a table. Relevant research studies are listed under each of the factors that relates to placement disruptions. For each study in the table, the method, key findings and citations are listed. Section 2 of the report is a user's guide on evidence-based practice in preventing placement disruptions in foster care. The user's guide includes an outline of the evidence-based practices and table of references. Numerous references.
Title: Fostering the Child Witness of Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Williams, Crystalle.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Fostering Perspectives: Views on Foster Care in North Carolina
v. 12, 2, June 2008, 8 html p.
Available from: Fostering Perspectives
http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/
c/o John McMahon
Jordan Institute for Families
1459 Sand Hill Rd.
No. 6
Candler, NC 28715
Document available online at:
http://www.fosteringperspectives.org/fpv12n2/williams.htm
Abstract: Designed for foster parents, this brief discusses the experiences of children who have witnessed domestic violence, how the violence can impact them, and strategies foster parents can use to help such children. The different roles children adopt when coping with domestic violence are explained, as well as factors that booster the resiliency in children. Foster parents are cautioned about what they should not say when talking to a victim or witness of abuse, and information is provided on identifying a child witness of domestic violence and modeling non-violent relationships.
Title: The Safe Start Initiative: Building and Disseminating Knowledge to Support Children Exposed to Violence.
Author(s): Kracke, Kristen.;Cohen, Elena P.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 155-174
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The Safe Start Initiative promotes community investment in evidence-based strategies for preventing and reducing children's exposure to violence in the home and the community. This article describes the implementation of practice innovation in 26 communities across the United States and provides information on the national research, evaluation, training, and technical assistance, resource development, and broad dissemination components of the initiative. Evaluation of the initiative is expanding the knowledge of the elements needed to implement comprehensive service delivery systems and improve access to, delivery of, and quality of services both for children at high risk of being exposed to violence and for those who have already been exposed. (Author abstract)
Title: California Child Welfare Services: Eleven-County Pilot Project Evaluation Report.
Author(s): Wright, Michael.;Tickler, Sara.;Vernor, Kara.
Published: 2008
Available from: County Welfare Directors Association of California
http://www.cwda.org/
925 L Street, Suite 350
Sacramento, CA 95814
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.cwda.org/downloads/11CountyPilot2008.pdf
Abstract: Eleven California counties have been piloting three strategies to improve outcomes for children and families served by the child welfare system: standardized safety assessment, differential response, and permanency and youth transition. This evaluation utilizes both quantitative data from the CWS/CMS system and qualitative data from in-depth site visits to the 11 pilot counties to investigate the effectiveness of the strategies. Taken together, the quantitative and qualitative data indicate that the pilot strategies are effective in achieving permanency for children--primarily through family reunification or adoption--while maintaining their safety and well-being. Also, the Child Welfare System is being changed fundamentally, with significant improvement reported by families, child welfare services staff, and other agencies. The report includes background information on changes in the California's child welfare system between 2000 and 2007, the origins of the pilot project, the three pilot strategies, the methodology of the evaluation of the strategies, specific findings in the areas of permanency, safety, well being, and system improvement, and recommendations for further evolving the pilot strategies fn California and increase the positive changes experienced by children and families. 33 references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Guidelines for Implementation of Memorandum of Agreement Between the Department of Services for Children, Youth and Their Families and the Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health and the Department of Health and Social Services, the Division of Social Services.
Published: 2008
Available from: Delaware Dept. of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families
http://kids.delaware.gov/
1825 Faulkland Rd.
Wilmington, DE 19805-1195
Printable version (PDF):
http://kids.delaware.gov/pdfs/pol_mou_dscyf_GuidelinesMOADscyfDfsDhssDashmhDhssDss.pdf
Abstract: This document provides guidelines for coordinating community based substance abuse services which provide treatment to parents who are currently involved with the child protection system in Delaware. The Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health, Division of Social Services and the Department of Services for Children, Youth and Their Families, Division of Family Services, have established these guidelines to clarify their Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) and ensure consistent implementation of the MOA. The guidelines were developed collaboratively with input from stakeholders in both the child welfare and substance abuse systems. Guidelines are provided for substance abuse screening, referral and substance abuse assessment, substance abuse treatment, case coordination, and collaborative administration/quality assurance.
Title: Caregiver Protective Capacities and Family Protective Resources.
Published: 2008
Available from: Action for Child Protection
http://www.actionchildprotection.org/
2101 Sardis Road North, Suite 204
Charlotte, NC 28227
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.actionchildprotection.org/PDF/July-2008%20Caregiver%20Protective%20Capacities%20and%20Family%20Protective%20Resources.pdf
Abstract: This paper explains the difference between caregiver protective capacities and family protective resources. It begins with an explanation of the concept of caregiver protective capacities, personal and caregiving behavioral, cognitive, and emotional characteristics that specifically and directly can be associated with being protective to one's young. The importance of assessing caregiver protective capacities when conducting child protective services (CPS) assessments and interventions is discussed, and questions are provided for assessing caregiver protective capacities. Lists of behavioral, cognitive, and emotional protective capacities are included. The paper then describes what is meant by family protective resources, personal, tangible, and intangible assets that exist within the family network that are available and accessible for use within a safety plan which contribute to controlling threats and managing child's safety while CPS intervention continues. Examples of personal, tangible, and intangible assets are listed and general and specific factors to consider are discussed. Finally, the concepts of protective factors and family strengths are explained.
Title: Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act (Chapter 5 in Child Abuse and Violence.)
Author(s): Doyle, Charles.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nova Science Publishers
https://www.novapublishers.com/
400 Oser Ave., Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788-3619
Abstract: The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, P.L. 109-248 (H.R. 4472), serves four purposes. It formulates the federal standards for sex offender registration in state, territorial and tribal sex offender registries, and does so in a manner designed to make the system more uniform, more inclusive, more informative and more readily available to the public online. It amends federal criminal law and procedure, featuring a federal procedure for the civil commitment of sex offenders, random search authority over sex offenders on probation or supervised release, a number of new federal crimes, and sentencing enhancements for existing federal offenses. It creates, amends, or revives several grant programs designed to reinforce private, state, local, tribal and territorial prevention; law enforcement; and treatment efforts in the case of crimes committed against children. It calls for a variety of administrative or regulatory initiatives in the interest of child safety, such as the creation of the National Child Abuse Registry. (Author abstract)
Title: Rethinking the Assessment of Child-Focused Outcomes (Chapter 3 in Evaluating Family Programs: Current Issues in Theory and Policy).
Author(s): Shonkoff, Jack P.
Published: 2008
Available from: Transaction Publishers
http://www.transactionpub.com/cgi-bin/transactionpublishers.storefront
390 Campus Dr.
Somerset, NJ 07830
Abstract: This chapter provides a brief overview of traditional approaches to child-focused outcome evaluations, explores contemporary assessment issues, and suggests an agenda for further investigation. Two related developmental domains that program evaluators might consider in expanding the scope of child-focused outcome assessments are explored: social competence and self-regulatory behaviors. 67 references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Internet: Status Report on Legislative Attempts to Protect Children from Unsuitable Material on the Web (Chapter 6 in Child Abuse and Violence.)
Author(s): Smith, Marcia S.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nova Science Publishers
https://www.novapublishers.com/
400 Oser Ave., Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788-3619
Abstract: Preventing children from encountering unsuitable material, such as pornography, as they use the internet is a major congressional concern. Several laws have been passed, including the 1996 Communications Decency Act (CDA), the 1998 Child Online Protection Act (COPA), and the 2000 Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA). Federal courts rules in turn, that certain sections of CDA, COPA, and CIPA were unconstitutional. All the decisions were appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court upheld the lower court decisions on CDA in 1997. It has heard COPA twice, in 2002 and 2004, and each time remanded the case to a lower court; an injunction against the law's enforcement remains in place. The Supreme Court upheld CIPA on June 23, 2003. Congress also passed the "Dot Kids" Act (P.L. 107-317), which creates a kid friendly space on the Internet, and the "Amber Alert" Act (P.L. 108-21) which, inter alia, prohibits the use of misleading domain names to deceive a minor into viewing material that is harmful to minors. Congress remains concerned about these issues. (Author abstract)
Title: Learning from the Research (Chapter 6 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Holden, Martha.;Curry, Dale.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter outlines how the Residential Child Care Project (RCCP) team took lessons learned from a study that found little agreement among the Therapeutic Crisis Intervention (TCI) trainers on what errors were severe, moderate, or unacceptable when scoring individual performance on conducting physical restraint techniques, and applied these findings and other relevant research to the redevelopment of the TCI training curriculum. Guidelines are shared that were established for TCI trainers to follow to improve their participants' skill mastery, retention, and effective transfer of learning. 2 tables and 36 references.
Title: Urban Neighborhoods, Families, and Juvenile Delinquency.
Author(s): Gorman-Smith, Deborah.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: The Prevention Researcher
v. 15, 1, February 2008, p. 17-20
Available from: The Prevention Researcher, Inc.
http://www.tpronline.org
66 Club Road, Suite 370
Eugene, OR 97401-2464
Abstract: The effect of both family functioning and neighborhood characteristics on risk for delinquent involvement and protection from that risk for youth in urban neighborhoods is explored. Six opportunities to support urban families are highlighted: support families to meet normal demands; support access to and links between families, healthcare systems, and schools; provide zones of safety; provide opportunities for mutual support and connection between families; provide skills training and broader opportunities; and reconnect the inner city to the political economic. 15 references.
Title: The Use of TeleCAM as a Remote Web-Based Application for Child Maltreatment Assessment, Peer Review, and Case Documentation.
Author(s): Thraen, Iona Maria.;Frasier, Lori.;Cochella, Chris.;Yaffe, Joanne.;Goede, Patricia.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 4, November 2008, p. 368-376
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Approximately 1 million children are physically or sexually abused each year in the United States. Accurate diagnosis of these children and subsequent extensive legal intervention requires a thorough clinical assessment as well as legal documentation. A Web-based application developed for the remote sharing of child maltreatment assessment among multiple child protection providers is presented. Usability data was collected from medical personnel at three remote Utah Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs) and one urban tertiary children's hospital. Qualitative findings are summarized and satisfaction differences are reported between remote sites and their referral tertiary center. (Author abstract)
Title: Childhood Sexual Abuse and Substance Use Problems: Disentangling a Complex Association (Chapter 7 in Child Sexual Abuse: Issues and Challenges).
Author(s): Sartor, Carolyn E.;Duncan, Alexis E.;McCutcheon, Vivia V.;Agrawal, Arpana.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nova Science Publishers
https://www.novapublishers.com/
400 Oser Ave., Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788-3619
Abstract: This chapter discusses the challenges of disentangling direct effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) events on substance use outcomes from the effects of risk factors that are frequently present in families in which CSA exposures occurs. It reviews the development of the body of research on CSA and substance use problems and highlights the utility of two methodological approaches for determining the substance abuse risk attributable specifically to CSA events. 53 references.
Title: Adolescent Outcome of Physically Abused Schoolchildren: NDACAN Dataset Number 117, User's Guide and Codebook.
Author(s): Miller, Diane Wach.;Salzinger, Suzanne.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect
http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/NDACAN/AboutNDACAN.html
Beebe Hall - FLDC
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
Document available online at:
http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/Ndacan/Datasets/Abstracts/DatasetAbstract_117.html
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/Ndacan/Datasets/UserGuidePDFs/117user.pdf
Abstract: This study is designed to assess the outcomes in mid to late adolescence of preadolescent physically abused and matched non-maltreated children first studied at ages 9-12 years. The outcome domains were Externalizing Problem Behavior, Internalizing Problems and Emotional Disorder, Quality of Personal Relationships, Risk Behavior, and Aggression/Delinquency. Preliminary results show that the abused adolescents continue to be at higher risk than controls for a variety of poor outcomes such as behavior problems, depression, delinquency, and some high-risk behaviors. It also appears that they are more likely to be exposed to family violence in adolescence. Not all abused children have poor outcomes, but as a group, they are demonstrably at risk. This study's main purpose was to identify some important factors influencing the path from preadolescent abuse to adolescent outcome and thereby to target possible points where intervention in childhood might avert some of abuse's costly individual and societal consequences. Those analyses are currently underway. (Author abstract)
Title: Keeping Them in the Family: Outcomes for Children Placed in Kinship Care Through Care Proceedings.
Author(s): Hunt, Joan.;Waterhouse, Suzette.;Lutman, Eleanor.
Published: 2008
Available from: British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF)
http://www.baaf.org.uk/
Skyline House, 200 Union Street
London SE1 0LX
Abstract: This book shares findings from a study that examined the medium term outcomes of 113 children in the United Kingdom that were removed from their parents' care because of child protection concerns and placed with kin through the courts between 1995 and 2001. There was also a small comparison group of young children placed in non-kin care. Placements were followed up in 2004-2005 and assessed in terms of whether they had lasted for as long as necessary, whether they had provided good quality and safe care, the quality of the relationship between the child and the carer, and how well the child was functioning. Data was collected through case files, 37 interviews with kinship carers, 24 interviews with social workers, 14 interviews with children and youth, 2 parent interviews, and a standardized measure of well-being completed by teachers of 25 of the children. Following an introductory chapter that explains the methodology of the study, chapters 2, 3, and 4 focus on outcomes, including placement outcomes, well-being, and factors that explain better or poorer outcomes in kinship care. Chapter 5 considers how decisions were made about kinship placements and perspectives of the different parties involved. Chapter 6 outlines the challenges carers may face, the sacrifices made and the stress they experienced. Chapter 7 looks at financial and material assistance for kinship care. Chapter 8 presents material from interviews with children and youth and considers their perspectives on their placements. The maintenance of family links in terms of parents, sibling, and extended family contact is covered in chapter 9. Finally, chapter 10 discusses the implications for policy and practice. Results from the study indicate kinship care can be a positive option for many children but it is not straightforward and requires careful assessment and adequate support. 56 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People.
Author(s): Nunno, Michael A.;Day, David M.;Bullard, Lloyd B.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: Intended for use by professionals who want to address the impact of aggression and violence in residential care, this book examines the legal, ethical, and historical uses of physical restraints and seclusion. It is derived from papers and presentations of an international symposium entitled "Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People," that took place at Cornell University in New York on June 1-4, 2005. Following an introduction, Part 1 discusses the perspectives of young people and staff in residential establishments in Scotland on the positive as well as negative aspects of physical restraints. Part 2 focuses on theoretical and historical issues related to physical restraints and the seclusion of children and youth. Part 3 analyzes the literature on physically restraining patients and discusses whether physical restraints meet the criteria of acceptable risk. Various aspects of risk in relation to prone restraint are also addressed. Chapters in Part 4 center on reducing restraints through organizational change and include the experiences of residential facilities that have changed their programs. Topics addressed include: adopting a public health model to reduce violence and restraints in children's residential care facilities, the role of leadership in organizational and cultural change to reduce seclusions and restraints, organizational interventions to reduce physical interventions, and techniques that were used to reduce the use of restraints and seclusion. Part 5 discusses legal issues relating to the use of restraints and the reach of liability for physical restraints. A concluding chapter reviews key child, staff, organizational, and societal and cultural factors that complicate the issues of physical restraints and seclusion. Numerous references.
Title: Physical Restraints: Are They Ever Safe and How Safe is Safe Enough? (Chapter 4 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Mohr, Wanda K.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter analyzes the literature on physically restraining child psychiatric patients using an acceptable risk model that assesses: uncertainty about how to define the decision problem, difficulties in assessing the facts of the matter, uncertainties about the human element in the decision-making process, difficulties in assessing the quality of the decisions that are produced, and difficulties in assessing relevant values. It concludes that restraints are interventions without sound theoretical bases or research foundation. 62 references.
Title: Risk and Prone Restraint: Reviewing the Evidence (Chapter 5 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Allen, David.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter explores the various aspects of risk in relation to prone restraint, a face-down floor restraint that is the most controversial type of physical intervention in human care services. It discusses prone restraint from the perspective of physical harm, emotional harm, and harm arising from inaccurate application, and concludes this form of restraint carries very significant risks. 3 figures and 63 references.
Title: The Nature and Extent of Childhood Exposure to Violence: What We Know, Why We Don't Know More, and Why It Matters.
Author(s): Kracke, Kristen.;Hahn, Hilary.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 29-49
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This article examines the existing literature on the incidence and prevalence of childhood exposure to violence (CEV) and discusses its limits in offering practitioners, researchers, and policymakers a comprehensive picture of the problem. A concise presentation of the scope of CEV within each violence type is provided with the intention of offering practitioners a tool for easily contextualizing and supporting a broader conceptual view of CEV in the implementation of a research and practice agenda. The challenges to obtaining comprehensive incidence and prevalence data are then explored. (Author abstract)
Title: A Case Study of an Organizational Intervention to Reduce Physical Interventions: Creating Effective, Harm-Free Environments (Chapter 9 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Davis, Jerry L.;Daly, Daniel L.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter argues that producing a sustained reduction in the use of high-risk restraint interventions is a complex process requiring a transformation of the culture of the treatment program or organization. It describes components of a harm-free environment for treatment programs and describes a case study of an organizational intervention based on quality improvement and applied in a therapeutic group home program using the teaching family model. Results of the evaluation data are shared that support the utility of this approach. 2 tables, 1 figure, and 22 references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Beyond a Crisis Management Program: How We Reduced Our Restraints by Half in One Year (Chapter 10 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Carter, Jeff.;Jones, Judy.;Stevens, Kim.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: The experiences of Madam Vanier Children's Services in Ontario, Canada, are highlighted to demonstrate that deescalating and defusing potentially violent situations and managing aggression when it occurs is not enough to reduce the use of physical restraints, and that an agencywide, systematic, and systemic effort is needed. Steps the agency took to reduce restraints are described and lessons learned are shared. 5 figures and 25 references.
Title: The Reach of Liability for Physical Restraints: A Question of Professional Judgment (Chapter 14 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Mooney, Andrea J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter discusses some of the legal implications of using physical restraints in residential facilities for children and youth, particularly when the restraint results in injury or death. It reviews criminal liability, civil liability, constitutional violations, and Section 1983 litigation. Case law on what constitutes unreasonable restraints is explored, and recommendations for residential facilities are made. 19 references.
Title: Moving Forward (Chapter 15 in For Our Own Safety: Examining the Safety of High-Risk Interventions for Children and Young People).
Author(s): Day, David M.;Bullard, Lloyd B.;Nunno, Michael A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter explores factors that influence the use of physical restraints in residential facilities for children and youth, including child factors, staff factors, organizational factors, and societal and cultural factors. It concludes that physical restraints fall short of the goal to provide all children with both physical and psychological safety. 14 references.
Title: Effective Teaching and At-Risk/Highly Mobile Students: What Do Award-Winning Teachers Do?: Case Studies of Award-Winning Teachers of At-Risk/Highly Mobile Students.
Author(s): Stronge, James H.;Popp, Patricia A.;Grant, Leslie W.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Document available online at:
http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/eff_teach.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and findings of a federally funded study that explored best practices and characteristics of successful teachers of at-risk/highly mobile students. The study examined the literature related to effective teaching and at-risk/highly mobile students, identified six teachers who had won national and/or State awards for working with these populations of students, and explored the beliefs and practices of the six teachers. Section 1 of the report provides the context for the study, including background information and an overview of the study. Section 2 includes a review of the literature related to effective teaching and working with at-risk/highly mobile students and provides the framework for the study. The following section describes the methods used for participant selection, a description of each participant included in the study, instruments used in the study, data collection techniques, and data analysis techniques. Section 4 details the results of the research project including data from observations and interviews with the award-winning teachers. A qualitative analysis of the interview data found the teachers focus on student needs while maintaining an academic focus. They have high expectations of students and are committed to ensuring that students had what they needed to succeed. The in-class observation data reflected the teacher beliefs and practices gleaned from the interviews. The teachers maintained high student engagement, used a variety of instructional activities, and focused on a wide range of cognitive levels in the questions asked as well as the instructional activities. Mostly, the instruction was teacher-directed and teachers asked a significant majority of the questions recorded. The final section includes a summary and discussion of the findings from the interviews and the in-class observations. Recommendations are made based on the findings. 11 tables and 3 figures. (Author abstract modified)
Title: An Integrative Approach Involving the Biological and Foster Family Systems (Chapter 9 in Foster Care Therapist Handbook: Relational Approaches to the Children and Their Families).
Author(s): Sumner-Mayer, Kim.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This chapter focuses on facilitating positive and productive birth family-foster family relationships in the interest of preferred outcomes for children. It considers the importance of collaboration, central organizing perspectives for birth family-foster family work, the role of each major party in the relational equation, and strategies for maximizing the chances of positive and productive relationships. Finally, it considers the critical importance of transitions in foster placements. A case example is provided. 39 references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Children Exposed to Violence in the Child Protection System: Practice-Based Assessment of the System Process can Lead to Practical Strategies for Improvement.
Author(s): Hulbert, Serena N.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 217-234
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Child protection cases often involve children exposed to violence. Children exposed to violence and families experiencing domestic violence are at a higher risk of being disproportionately impacted by inadequate child protection system practices that fail to properly address their safety and well-being. Evidence continues to accumulate that these children and their families require improved methods in identification, assessment, and treatment. This article summarizes 5 years of research that evaluated the practices of child protection departments, the courts, and service providers. The research design allowed for examination of each entity's practices to determine their effect on the overall operation of the child protection system and the potential these practices have on negatively or positively impacting case outcomes. (Author abstract)
Title: Physical Abuse of Children Born to Adolescent Mothers: The Continuation of the Relationship into Adult Motherhood and the Role of Identity (Chapter 2 in Child Abuse and Violence.)
Author(s): Afifi, Tracie O.;Brownridge, Douglas A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Nova Science Publishers
https://www.novapublishers.com/
400 Oser Ave., Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788-3619
Abstract: Child abuse can have devastating consequences for children and families. In terms of prevention and intervention efforts, it is important to identify populations at increased risk for child abuse. It is well established in the child abuse literature that children born to adolescent mothers are at a heightened risk for the perpetration of child abuse. However, little is known about the extent to which this relationship persists among those who became mothers as adolescents but are now within adulthood. Such knowledge is important since adolescence is a relatively short period in the lifecycle, but is one that sets the stage for a lifetime of parenting, including abusive parenting. Applying Erikson?s theory, it is argued that impaired identity resulting from adolescent parenthood will increase the risk of child abuse. The purpose of this study is to investigate the manner in which variables that serve as proxies for identity formation, namely education, employment, and self-esteem, are associated with child abuse among children of formerly adolescent mothers (FAMS). Using a representative sample of 4,387 Canadian mothers, both descriptive and logistic regression analyses are conducted. The results demonstrate that children of FAMS are, indeed, more likely to be abused than children of non-FAMS. With few exceptions, the identity variables operate as hypothesized. However, the multivariate analyses show that identity formation alone is an insufficient explanation for the higher likelihood of child abuse for children of FAMS. The paper concludes with a proposed holistic framework for understanding FAMS higher likelihood of child abuse. (Author abstract)
Title: The Cost and Benefits of Cash and Services to Kinship Caregivers.
Author(s): Dorch, Edwina.;Mumpower, Jeryl.;Jochnowitz, Leona.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Social work in public health
v. 23, 6, 2008, p. 55-73
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The federal government provides payments to foster parents and licensed relatives who care for abused and neglected children through Title IV-E funds. However, unlicensed relatives must seek assistance through another federal program, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, which provides lesser amounts of assistance than provided to foster parents and licensed relatives. To redress differences, many states provide supplemental assistance to relative caregivers. This paper profiles one Northeastern state's approach to caregiver rate disparities. The profiled Northeastern state contracted with 17 nonprofit agencies to provide 19 social services. The amount paid for services increased the total public assistance to relative caregivers but also caused licensed relative caregivers to receive more than all other types of caregivers receiving public assistance, thus continuing not eliminating caregiver rate disparities. In addition, services increased during the contract period but decreased again after the contract ended. Further, contract amounts were reduced each year of a 3-year contract. Policy implications for child safety, well-being, and placement permanence are discussed. (Author abstract)
Title: Childhood Sexual Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence among Women in Methadone Treatment: A Direct or Mediated Relationship?
Author(s): Engstrom, Malitta.;El-Bassel, Nabila.;Go, Hyun.;Gilbert, Louisa.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Family Violence.
v. 23, 2, October 2008, p. 605-617
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Women in substance use treatment report rates of childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence that far exceed those reported by women in the general population. Previous research with nonrandom samples of women in substance use treatment suggests that there is a statistically significant relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence; however, little is known about the mechanisms of risk between these two public health concerns among this population of women. To address this gap in knowledge and to inform intervention strategies, this study examined direct and mediated relationships between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence risk among a random sample of 416 women in methadone treatment. In addition to high rates of childhood sexual abuse (57.9%), intimate partner violence (lifetime prevalence, 89.7%; 6-month prevalence, 78.4%), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 28.6%), and global psychological distress (19.5%), findings suggest that the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence is mediated by mental health problems and that women experiencing PTSD or global psychological distress are 2.7 and 2.4 times more likely to experience intimate partner violence than women without such experiences, respectively. Although not a mediator in this relationship, financial independence reduced women's risk of partner violence by two-thirds. The paper includes discussion of social learning and stress and coping theories to explicate the findings and to inform intervention strategies. (Author abstract)
Title: Cell Phones and the Measurement of Child Neglect: The Validity of the Parent-Child Activities Interview.
Author(s): Lefever, Jennifer Burke.;Howard, Kimberly S.;Lanzi, Robin Gaines.;Borkowski, John G.;Atwater, Jane.;Guest, Kristi Carter.;Ramey, Sharon L.;Hughes, Kere.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 4, November 2008, p. 320-333
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Two multisite studies were conducted to assess the feasibility of using cell phone interviews (the Parent-Child Activities Interview) to learn more about the quality of daily parenting among high-risk mothers, including child neglect. In Study 1, 45 primiparous teenage mothers with 3- to 9-month-old infants were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: one received frequent cell phone interviews and the other group less frequent interviews over their home telephone. Relationships among paper-and-pencil surveys of parenting (gathered in person) and a Parenting Essentials score (coded from the phone interviews) were significantly correlated. In Study 2, adolescent and adult mothers and their first-born children ( n = 544) completed 2 observations of parenting in their home as well as a series of 3 PCA calls at ages 4 and 8 months. Parenting Essentials coded from the interviews were significantly related to observed measures of parenting at both time points. The Parent-Child Activities Interview shows promise as a reliable and valid measure of parenting, capturing frequent and detailed information about daily parenting practices. Cell phones may prove useful in intervening with mothers at risk of suboptimal parenting and child neglect. (Author abstract)
Title: Txt u ltr: Using Cellular Phone Technology to Enhance a Parenting Intervention for Families at Risk for Neglect.
Author(s): Bigelow, Kathryn M.;Carta, Judith J.;Lefever, Jennifer Burke.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 4, November 2008, p. 362-367
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: One of the biggest challenges facing home visiting programs aimed at high-risk families is keeping families involved in the intervention. Cellular phones afford the opportunity for home visitors to maintain regular communication with parents between intervention visits and thus retain high-risk families in parenting interventions. The use of cellular phones may also increase the dosage of intervention provided to families and the fidelity with which parents implement the intervention, thus resulting in improved outcomes for parents and children. This brief report describes the development and initial testing of a parenting program, Planned Activities Training (PAT), which was enhanced through the use of cellular phones to promote the active engagement of parents. PAT is a five-session intervention aimed at improving parent-child interactions, increasing child engagement in daily activities, and reducing challenging child behaviors. To date, 19 parents have completed PAT and cell phone?enhanced PAT, and all have met the 90% correct mastery criterion and demonstrated improvements in their parenting behaviors. Parents have rated PAT and the text messaging and cellular phone call enhancements very positively. (Author abstract)
Title: Do Nurse Home-Visiting Programs Have Lasting Benefits for Mothers and Children?
Published: 2008
Available from: Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University
http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu/
50 Church Street, 4th Floor
Cambridge, MA 02138
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu/content/downloads/evaluation-brief_nfp.pdf
Abstract: States are increasingly turning to nurse home-visiting programs to improve the well-being of disadvantaged children and families. The findings from this study provide additional support for the conclusion that intensive, high-quality nurse home-visiting can have beneficial effects on families and that it can improve children's achievement in the most vulnerable families. (Author abstract)
Title: Informing Child Welfare Policy and Practice: Using Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Technology via a Dynamic Web Site.
Author(s): Duncan, Dean F.;Kum, Hye-Chung.;Weigensberg, Elizabeth Caplick.;Flair, Kimberly A.;Stewart, C. Joy.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 4, November 2008, p. 383-391
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Proper management and implementation of an effective child welfare agency requires the constant use of information about the experiences and outcomes of children involved in the system, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, timely, and accurate data. In the past 20 years, there have been many advances in technology that can maximize the potential of administrative data to promote better evaluation and management in the field of child welfare. Specifically, this article discusses the use of knowledge discovery and data mining (KDD), which makes it possible to create longitudinal data files from administrative data sources, extract valuable knowledge, and make the information available via a user-friendly public Web site. This article demonstrates a successful project in North Carolina where knowledge discovery and data mining technology was used to develop a comprehensive set of child welfare outcomes available through a public Web site to facilitate information sharing of child welfare data to improve policy and practice. (Author abstract)
Title: Safe Start: Promising Practices from the Evaluation of the Demonstration Project Association for the Study and Development of Community.
Author(s): Hyde, Mary M.;Lamb, Yvette H.;Chavis, David.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 175-186
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Several activities were used to evaluate the Safe Start Demonstration Project (2000?2006). Findings from two of the evaluation activities (i.e., process evaluations, promising practices reports) have been combined in this article to discuss systems change strategies implemented to better serve children exposed to violence and the promising practices that supported them. Together, these two evaluation processes yield valuable information for practitioners on how to engage families, systems, and communities to create more responsive systems capable of meeting the needs of children exposed to violence. These findings and examples also provide useful strategies and practices for future efforts focused on children exposed to violence. (Author abstract)
Title: Childhood Emotional Abuse and Risk for Hopelessness and Depressive Symptoms During Adolescence.
Author(s): Courtney, Elizabeth A.;Kushwaha, Monika,;Johnson, Jeffrey G.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 3, 2008, p. 281-298
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Previous research has indicated that childhood maltreatment is an important risk factor for the development of depressive disorders. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated the associations of emotional abuse with depressive symptoms. The present study investigated the association of emotional abuse with subsequent depressive symptoms and hopelessness among adolescent primary care patients. Measures of emotional maltreatment, hopelessness, and depressive symptoms were administered to a multisite sample of 92 adolescent primary-care patients. Hopelessness and depressive symptoms were assessed 3 months later. Reports of childhood emotional abuse were associated with elevated levels of hopelessness and depressive symptoms. Hopelessness significantly mediated the association of emotional abuse with depressive symptoms. (Author abstract)
Title: Can Early Assessment Make a Difference in Child Protection? Results from a Pilot Study.
Author(s): Faller, Kathleen.;Ortega, Mary B.;Pomeranz, Elaine.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Public Child Welfare
v. 2, 1, 2008, p. 71-90
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: An exploratory study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary assessment and follow-up consultation on first-time substantiated child protective services cases with at least one child 7 or younger. Fifty children from families receiving the multidisciplinary assessment were matched on race, family structure, child gender, child age, and severity of maltreatment with 50 children who did not receive the assessment. Children in families who received the multidisciplinary assessment were more likely to be at home at follow-up and in permanent living situations, and less likely to be reported subsequently to child protective services and subject to termination of parental rights. However, only about half of recommendations for cases receiving the early assessment were implemented by caseworkers. (Author abstract)
Title: The Social Construction of Deviant Behavior in Homeless and Runaway Youth: Implications for Practice.
Author(s): Miles, Bart W.;Okamoto, Scott K.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal
v. 25, 5, October 2008, p. 425-441
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: This study examined the social construction of deviance in a sample of homeless and/or runaway youth in metropolitan Phoenix. In depth semi-structured interviews with 14 youth were conducted, and the data were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative research computer program. The findings from the study point to an emerging theory, which suggests that ambiguous local policies relevant to homeless youth (e.g., trespassing, loitering) resulted in their selective enforcement by local security and police. Respondents described the ways that they adapted their behaviors to the environmental stressors resulting from these policies. Implications for practice are discussed. (Author abstract)
Title: A Meta-Analysis of Developmental Outcomes for Children of Same-Sex and Heterosexual Parents.
Author(s): Crowl, Alicia.;Ahn, Soyeon.;Baker, Jean.;;;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of GLBT Family Studies.
v. 4, 3, 2008, p. 385-407
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: While there has been a recent upsurge in the number of studies related to children raised by gay and lesbian parents, the literature in this area continues to be small and wrought with limitations. This study presents a meta-analysis of the existing research and focuses on the developmental outcomes and quality of parent-child relationships among children raised by gay and lesbian parents. A total of 19 studies were used for the analysis and included both child and parent outcome measures addressing six areas. Analyses revealed statistically significant effect size differences between groups for one of the six outcomes: parent?child relationship. Results confirm previous studies in this current body of literature, suggesting that children raised by same-sex parents fare equally well to children raised by heterosexual parents. The authors discuss findings with respect to the implications for practitioners in schools. (Author abstract)
Title: Symptom Patterns among Youth Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence.
Author(s): Lang, Jason M.;Stover, Carla Smith.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Family Violence.
v. 23, 2, October 2008, p. 619-629
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Children and adolescents exposed to intimate partner violence display a broad range of symptoms. We sought to differentiate symptom patterns and predictors of these patterns using a person-oriented approach. Previous cluster analysis research of exposed youth was extended to include youth PTSD symptoms and trauma history. Participants were 74 mothers who had received a police call for domestic violence, and who had a child between 2 and 17 years old. Cluster analysis was used to identify four symptom patterns among exposed youth: Typical, Asymptomatic, General Distress, and Acute PTSD. These patterns were replicated in separate cluster analyses with younger and older participants. Symptom patterns were differentiated by maternal distress, maternal aggression, and youth trauma history, but not by male partner aggression. Implications for assessment and treatment of youth exposed to intimate partner violence, and suggestions for further research, are discussed. (Author abstract)
Title: Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Maternal Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms on Children's Emotional and Behavioral Functioning.
Author(s): Samuelson, Kristin W.;Cashman, Caroline.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 139-153
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Research has documented the detrimental effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on children's emotional and behavioral functioning. This study examines the hypothesis that a child's response to witnessing IPV is most influenced by the mother's psychological health. We examined the relationships among IPV (as witnessed by children), mother's posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS), and children's emotional and behavioral problems. Analyses revealed that mothers' PTSS, and not amount of violence witnessed, predicted children's emotion dysregulation. (Author abstract)
Title: Examination of Substantiated Lack of Supervision and Its Impact On Out-of-Home Placement: A National Sample.
Author(s): Carter, Vernon.;Myers, Miranda.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Public Child Welfare
v. 2, 1, 2008, p. 51-70
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study utilized a national child welfare sample to explore the relationship between child and family characteristics, substantiated lack of supervision, and foster care placement outcomes. The sample comprised 418 cases of children receiving child protective services. Findings revealed a higher percentage of White children to be inadequately supervised compared with African American children; however, African American children were more likely to be placed in out-of-home care. The odds of being placed in foster care tripled (OR = 2.82, p < .05) for inadequately supervised African American children compared with White children. (Author abstract)
Title: Correlates of Victimization in a Juvenile Justice Population.
Author(s): Croysdale, Allison E.;Drerup, Lauren C.;Bewsey, Kyle.;Hoffmann, Norman G.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma
v. 17, 1, 2008, p. 103-117
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The Practical Adolescent Dual Diagnostic Interview is a structured diagnostic interview designed to gather basic information about mental health conditions; past emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; suicide attempts; and substance use disorders. This instrument was administered to 435 males and 61 females in juvenile justice facilities and adolescent diversion courts to assess prevalence of mental health and substance use disorders relative to maltreatment (defined as physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse). Results showed that the majority of juveniles who experienced maltreatment were more likely to have diagnostic indications of behavioral health conditions. Additionally, for both males and females the odds of the individual having attempted suicide were more than twice as high for those acknowledging some form of maltreatment. (Author abstract)
Title: Child Support Enforcement and Father Involvement Among Victims of Intimate Partner Violence.
Author(s): Pate, David J.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma
v. 17, 1, 2008, p. 42-58
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The focus of this article will be intimate partner violence among custodial parents receiving welfare benefits and their required cooperation with the child support enforcement system to encourage the financial involvement of the noncustodial parent. The majority of the mothers in the study encouraged the father's continued emotional involvement with their child despite the violence. This article will illustrate through the use of a case study the desire of these mothers to encourage both a financial and emotional relationship with their child's father, with safety always a priority. (Author abstract)
Title: Community-Based Treatment Outcomes for Parents and Children Exposed to Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Becker, Kimberly D.;Mathis, Gloria.;Mueller, Charles W.;Issari, Kata.;Atta, Su Shen.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Emotional Abuse.
v. 8, 1/2, 2008, p. 187-204
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study examined treatment outcomes following a 12-week, community-based group intervention program for children and adults exposed to family violence. The study sample consisted of 106 children between the ages of 3 and 17 (M =8.64, SD= 3.72) and their nonoffending parent. Participants represented diverse ethnic backgrounds, with most reporting some Asian or Pacific Island heritage. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991) and a measure of parenting skills, and counselors completed rating checklists for children and parents before and after the intervention. Results indicated significant improvement for children and parents. Findings point to the potential effectiveness of such community-based programs with multi-ethnic and Asian and Pacific Island youth exposed to domestic violence and their parents. (Author abstract)
Title: Final Progress Report: Research and Evaluation of Child Abuse Prevention Services. Center for Child and Family Adversity at Columbus Children's Hospital. Grant # 90-XA-0104.
Author(s): Scribano, Philip V.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This final report describes the activities of a federally funded program designed to implement six separate research protocols, including: the ePassport project designed to provide patient-level personal health records for foster care children and youth; urine nucleic acid amplification testing for sexually transmitted infections in sexual abuse patients; evaluation of universal domestic violence screening in child advocacy centers; evaluation of a child's emotional response as a result of the ano-genital examination in suspected sexual abuse; evaluation of the use of mental health services of children referred to trauma specific victim treatment; and the Nurse Family Partnership project. The protocols were implemented and successfully completed or still in active data collection phases of the projects. Problems related to ePassport software production and delivery delays are noted and findings from the project are shared.
Title: International Center to End Violence: Addressing Domestic Violence, Child Abuse and Neglect. Final Report to: DHHS/Administration on Children, Youth and Families under CAPTA. Grant Number 90-XA-0109. October 31, 2007.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and outcomes of the federally funded Family Violence Prevention Fund (FVPF), an organization committed to building safer and stronger families by ending domestic violence, sexual assault, and other forms of abuse against women and children. Major activities and accomplishments of the FVPF are described, including: the development of an Interactive Learning and Exhibit Center, the development of the International Center to End Violence, and the implementation of training programs and experiential learning for engaging everyday gatekeepers and young students. Activities of the FVPF's Teacher Training Academy are also highlighted, as well as public educational and engagement activities and school-based programming.
Title: Aged-Out and Homeless in Philadelphia.
Author(s): Meyers, Kathleen.;White, Tammy.;Whalen, Mary.;DiLorenzo, Paul.
Published: 2007
Available from: Greater Philadelphia Urban Affairs Coalition
http://www.gpuac.org/
1207 Chestnut Street, Suite 700
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.gpuac.org/documents/Aged-OutandHomelessinPhiladelphia.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the findings of a study that investigated the needs and experiences of youth in Philadelphia who had become homeless after aging-out of the child welfare system. The study sought to identify types of services youth received and the planning process leading to their discharge from care; identify strategies, strengths, weaknesses and gaps in services and planning for this group; determine the needs of young adults who are currently homeless and have been in substitute care at ages 16 or older; and provide specific recommendations for improved services to youth prior to leaving care and in the delivery of services to homeless young adults. The study obtained qualitative data through interviews and focus groups with homeless young adults who had been in Philadelphia's substitute care system (n=77 participants), and through key informant interviews with individuals with vast knowledge of Philadelphia's service system and the needs of homeless young adults (n=16 participants). Additional quantitative data was collected through surveys of homeless young adults who had been in Philadelphia's substitute care system (n=75). Finally, a policy analysis was conducted to assess how federal, State, and local jurisdictions addressed key issues facing this population through laws, regulations and administrative policies. Findings indicate the system in its entirety failed to meet some of the key needs of the vast majority of participant youth. Results from the study are shared in the areas of in-care experiences that impact social-emotional growth, educational attainment, comprehensive, targeted service delivery, independence, transition planning, and discharge from care. It concludes homeless youth who have aged out of DHS care face significant barriers to living independently and experience a poor quality of life. Recommendations for system reform are discussed and strategies are offered to address each finding. Numerous charts and 46 references.
Title: Preventing Underage Drinking and Substance Abuse.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Virginia child protection newsletter.
v. 82, Spring 2008, p. 1-3, 5-6, 15-16, 18-20
Available from: James Madison University
http://psychweb.cisat.jmu.edu/graysojh/
School of Psychology, MSC 7401
800 S. Main Street
Harrisonburg, VA 22807
Printable version (PDF):
http://psychweb.cisat.jmu.edu/graysojh/volume%2081.pdf
Abstract: This article reviews the incidence of juvenile underage drinking and substance abuse, the effects of underage drinking, and risk factors for underage drinking. Challenges to reducing underage drinking are identified and the implementation and effectiveness of interventions are discussed, including environmental strategies, educational strategies, treatment interventions, and comprehensive strategies.
Title: Report on Survey and Interviews Conducted in Preparation for the September Think Tank on Child Protection Conflict Resolution.
Author(s): Mayer, Bernie.;Kathol, Joan.
Published: 2007
Available from: Association of Family and Conciliation Courts
http://www.afccnet.org/
6525 Grand Teton Plaza
Madison, WI 53719
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.afccnet.org/pdfs/Think%20Tank%20Report%20on%20Survey%20and%20Interviews.pdf
Abstract: In order to consolidate the lessons learned about conflict resolution in child protection during the past 25 years a group of concerned organizations and individuals have organized a two-day Think Tank planned for September 2007 in Columbus, Ohio. In order to make the most of those two days, an on-line survey was conducted of 110 child protection professionals, along with 14 follow-up phone interviews. The surveys and interviews were completed from June-August 2007. Based on the survey, the typical child protection mediation (CPM) program has been in existence between 1 and 10 years (74%), conducts over 51 mediations a year (52%), is court administered (66%), and serviced by court mediators (40%) or private mediators (27%). Only 13% of the mediators volunteer their services. The professional background of mediators is diverse, although having child welfare or counseling background seems especially likely. A high percentage of programs report that CP mediators are likely to have experience as family mediators. Mediations are likely to last 2 to 3 hours (average for 78% of programs) and are likely to be concluded in one session (67%) and very unlikely to last more than two sessions (9%). Typical mediations will involve parents, child protection workers, agency lawyers, children's guardians (GAL), and parent?s lawyers. Children, other family members, representatives of other agencies, foster parents, and child protection supervisors occasionally attend, but not on a regular basis, and in a substantial minority of programs only rarely attend. While some programs provide extensive opportunity for the parents to meet with the mediator before the session (41%), most do not, and of those that do not, most (56%) do not provide other pre-mediation education services either. Additional findings are discussed on obstacles to successful CPM and strategies for overcoming challenges. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Preliminary Adaptations for Working with Traumatized Latino/Hispanic Children and their Families.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Child Traumatic Stress Network
http://www.nctsnet.org/
University of California, Los Angeles
11150 W. Olympic Blvd.
Suite 650
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/culture_and_trauma_brief_v2n3_LatinoHispanicChildren.pdf
Abstract: Using information gathered via a preliminary focus group of bilingual/bicultural therapists at the Chadwick Center for Children and Families at Rady Children's Hospital and Health Center in San Diego, this brief discusses recommended treatment interventions when working with Latino/Hispanic families. It begins with information on the prevalence of Latinos/Hispanics in the United States, their countries of origin, and the experiences of trauma among Latino/Hispanic children. Strategies are then discussed for implementing the following treatment recommendations: make a good first impression, take acculturation into account, conduct a thorough, culturally modified assessment, integrate cultural values into the therapeutic process, engage families, and incorporate evidence-based practice to fit the cultural context. Ways the mental health field can improve trauma treatment services to Latinos/Hispanics are explained, and examples of how cultural values can influence the meanings that are attached to traumatic events are given. 13 references.
Title: Child Welfare Accountability: Annual Report of Maryland Performance Indicators.
Author(s): Faraldi, Sarah Kaye.;Ovwigho, Pamela C.;Shaw, Terry V.;DePanfilis, Diane.
Published: 2007
Available from: University of Maryland School of Social Work
http://www.family.umaryland.edu
525 W. Redwood Street
Baltimore, MD 21201
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.family.umaryland.edu/ryc_research_and_evaluation/child_welfare_research_files/ChildWelfareAccountability2007Indicators.pdf
Abstract: The Child Welfare Accountability Act of 2006 increased legislative oversight of the Maryland Quality Assurance processes in child welfare. The Act also provides a framework for the Department of Human Resources (DHR) to partner with the University of Maryland School of Social Work (UMB/SSW) to develop the Maryland Quality Assurance (QA) Collaborative. The purpose of the Collaborative is to evaluate quality assurance processes and make recommendations for improvement. This annual report summarizes: (1) indicators of Maryland's performance in promoting positive outcomes for children and families involved with the child welfare system and (2) recommendations on how to improve outcomes measurement in child welfare. A separate companion report entitled Child Welfare Accountability: Evaluating Quality Assurance Processes in Maryland, describes and evaluates current QA processes. (Author abstract)
Title: Program Final Progress Report. Comprehensive Integration of Child Abuse and Domestic Violence Services. Center for Child and Family Advocacy at Columbus Children's Hospital. Grant #. 90-XA-0106.
Author(s): Scribano, Philip V.
Published: 2007
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and accomplishments of a project that assessed 1,229 patients for child sexual abuse. While most of the assessments involved regularly scheduled patients, 7% were provided acute sexual assault evaluations. Physical abuse evaluations increased during the grant period (October 1, 2006-September 30, 2007) and comprised 4% of the total patient care. Difficulties the project faced with inconsistent staffing for domestic violence services are noted and findings on the prevalence of several psychological and social factors identified in the families are shared. Results indicate that of the cases evaluated by Franklin County Children's Services (n=586), 63% were substantiated or indicated for sexual abuse, 4% were substantiated as a child welfare concern, and 2% were substantiated for dependency. Of the cases in which Columbus Division of Police were involved (n=441), 27% of cases resulted in a charge being filed by law enforcement.
Title: Child Death Review in California At a Glance.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center on Child Fatality Review
http://www.ican-ncfr.org
ICAN/NCFR
4024 North Durfee Avenue
El Monte, CA 91732
Printable version (PDF):
http://ican-ncfr.org/documents/ataglance.pdf
Abstract: This brief explains that the California Child Death Review provides a multi-disciplinary forum to systematically collect, analyze, and understand child/family/agency factors that led to and followed a child's death. The forum also allows for organized prevention and intervention efforts, which involve both government agencies and the community. Information is provided on drafting a mission statement, what to expect at a Child Death Review Team (CDRT) meeting, goals of a CDRT, the role of county CDRTs, and roles, responsibilities, and expectations of each member of the CDRT. The role of the California State Child Death Review Council is also explained. Examples of cases that come before the CDRTs are provided, along with recommendations. Section 2 of the brief provides more detailed information about Child Death review, along with a sample confidentiality agreement and online team report. Special challenges for CDRTs are considered and other types of death reviews are described. A list of national systems and resources is included.
Title: A Profile of Healthy Start: Findings From Phase I of the Evaluation, 2006.
Published: 2006
Available from: Maternal and Child Health Bureau
http://mchb.hrsa.gov/
Parklawn Building Room 18-05
5600 Fishers Lane
Rockville, MD 20857
Document available online at:
http://mchb.hrsa.gov/healthystart/phase1report/
Printable version (PDF):
ftp://ftp.hrsa.gov/mchb/HealthystartEval.pdf
Abstract: This report describes the results of the first phase of an evaluation of the federal Healthy Start program. It provides a profile of the universe of Healthy Start grantees based on self-reported data on calendar year 2003 activities and projects. A survey was completed by 95 grantees and served as the primary data source. The survey explored the implementation of the Healthy Start program components, including the characteristics, activities, and results achieved by Healthy Start grantees. The survey was augmented by the abstraction of selected secondary data from grantees' continuation applications. Results from the survey are reported in the areas of staffing, outreach, enrollment, case management, health education, smoking cessation, male involvement, interconceptional care, perinatal depression services, barriers to care, consortia, consumer involvement, the Local Health System Action Plan, coordination and collaboration, and sustainability. Grantees were more likely to report improvements in services than systems-related activities and devoted the majority of their grant funding to the services components. Grantees also were more likely to report that they achieved outcomes related to increasing awareness than increasing consumer involvement. All grantees expressed agreement that Healthy Start has identified access problems in the health care system and 99% agreed that Healthy Start has identified strategies for addressing disparities. In addition, a large majority of grantees agreed that Healthy Start has made progress in developing the basis for change. 31 figures.
Title: Developing Supervisory Competency In Safety Intervention Decision Making: A Meticulous Individualized Learning Program.
Published: 2006
Available from: Action for Child Protection
http://www.actionchildprotection.org/
2101 Sardis Road North, Suite 204
Charlotte, NC 28227
Printable version (PDF):
http://actionchildprotection.org/documents/2008/pdf/2nd_Concept_Paper_State_Revised.pdf
Abstract: This paper describes a competency development program for supervisors concerned with safety intervention. The program has been developed by several States and consists of 7 hours of pre-training requirements, 4 6-hour face-to-face classroom experiences, and 6 6-hour off-site assignments interspersed between and related to on-site classroom events. The program will provide a total of 49 hours of individualized learning. Off-site assignments will occur online as well as use direct application responsibilities. Each training group consists of 8 participants that remains together for the entire program and is facilitated by an expert trainer-consultant. To successfully pass the learning program, participants will complete a written and verbal test which demonstrates their expertise. An outline of the course is provided, as well as information on the design of the curriculum, web-based off-site learning, certification, and implementation process.
Title: Batterer Accountability: Responding to Child Maltreatment and Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Hobart, Margaret.
Published: 2006
Available from: Washington State Coalition Against Domestic Violence
http://www.wscadv.org
1402 Third Avenue
Suite 406
Seattle, WA 98101
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.wscadv.org/resourcesPublications.cfm?aId=E434491E-C298-58F6-0867ECA86B83C0C3
Abstract: This paper outlines the philosophical basis of best practice that is rooted in batterer accountability and outlines the consequences to children when programs are not so rooted. The development of the Washington State Coordinated Response Protocol Project is discussed, a collaboration between representatives from the Department of Social and Health Services, Washington State Coalition Against Domestic Violence (WSCADV), various State courts, and other organizations to address how social services agencies, law enforcement, and the courts respond to child maltreatment and domestic violence. The need to shift the focus off of the domestic violence victim in Child Protective Services (CPS) investigations and case plans and hold the domestic violence perpetrator accountable is explained. The paper then explores strategies advocates can use to push system change that fully integrates batterer accountability, provides excellent advocacy to victims, and supports CPS collaborators. The paper also looks at alternative models for dependencies and termination of parent rights. 19 references. (Author abstract modified)
Title: Substance-Exposed Infants: Policy and Practice [PowerPoint Presentation].
Author(s): Young, Nancy K.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Document available online at:
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/508/SubstanceInfants.htm
Printable version (PDF):
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/substance%20exposed%20infants.ppt
Abstract: This PowerPoint presentation discusses federal and State efforts to address the needs of substance-exposed infants (SEIs). The mission of the SEI program is described, as well as its goals, the need for a multi-agency approach, and partners that should collaborate on SEI issues. Statistics on the numbers of SEIs and the number of women and pregnant women that need treatment are offered. It is noted that most SEIs go undetected and recommendations are made for identification and intervention. The presentation also shares results from a study that explored SEI policies and practices in 10 States. Findings indicate the States are responding to the SEI problem and the 2003 CAPTA changes with some strong programs, none of States have developed policy at each of the five points of intervention for mothers and infants, and State policy implementation occurs across a diverse set of agencies requiring extensive coordination. Barriers to collaboration are identified and assessment measures States can use to evaluate their response to SEIs are provided. Finally, the presentation outlines issues for States to consider and opportunities for advancing policy. 10 references.
Title: Why Marriage Matters : Twenty-Six Conclusions from the Social Sciences.
Author(s): Wilcox, W. Bradford.;Doherty, William J.;Fisher, Helen.;Galston, William A.;Glen, Norval D.;Gottman, John.;Lerman, Robert.;Mahoney, Annette.;Markey, Barbara.;et al.
Published: 2005
Available from: Institute for American Values
http://www.americanvalues.org/
1841 Broadway, Suite 211
New York, NY 10023
Abstract:
Sixteen of the top scholars on family life have re-issued a joint report on the importance of marriage. First released in 2002, the newly revised edition highlights five new themes in marriage-related research.
Since 1960, the proportion of children who do not live with their own two parents has risen sharply--from 19.4% to 42.3% in the Nineties. This change has been caused, first, by large increases in divorce, and more recently, by a big jump in single mothers and cohabiting couples who have children but don't marry. For several decades the impact of this dramatic change in family structure has been the subject of vigorous debate among scholars. No longer. These 26 findings are now widely agreed upon. (Author abstract modified)
Title: How to Protect Your Children From Child Abuse: A Parent's Guide.
Published: 2005
Available from: Boy Scouts of America
http://old.scouting.org/
1325 West Walnut Hill Lane
P.O. Box 152079
Irving, TX 75015-2079
Printable version (PDF): http://old.scouting.org/pubs/ypt/pdf/46-015.pdf
Abstract: Designed for parents of Boy Scouts, this booklet discusses child abuse prevention and guides parents through activities with their boys to ensure their awareness of child abuse and their safety. The first section of the booklet contains information about child abuse and provides tips to help parents talk with their Boy Scouts about child abuse. Different types of child abuse and neglect are defined, signs of sexual abuse are listed, and the differences between appropriate discipline and child abuse are considered. Alternatives to child abuse are also listed. Techniques are then discussed for talking with a child about sexual abuse, as well as reacting to a child reporting abuse. The section closes with a list of relevant resources. The second section of the booklet includes activities for parents to complete with their son. Some of the activities listed are requirements a boy needs to complete before he can join a Boy Scout troop. A child's bill of rights is offered, followed by an explanation of three R's: recognize that anyone could be a child molester and be aware of situations that could lead to abuse; resist advances made by child molesters to avoid being abused; and report any molestation or attempted molestation to parents or other trusted adults. Personal protection rules for the computer and for preventing child abuse are also provided. The booklet closes with three stories of boys in situations that could lead to child abuse. Each story closes with discussion questions.
Title: Staff Screening Tool Kit.
Published: 2004
Available from: Nonprofit Risk Management Center
http://www.nonprofitrisk.org
1001 Connecticut Ave. NW
Suite 410
Washington, DC 20036
Printable version (PDF): http://nationalserviceresources.org/files/legacy/filemanager/download/ProgramMgmt/Staff_Screen_tool.pdf
Abstract: This publication is designed to assist nonprofits in screening paid and volunteer staff. It begins by providing a checklist that organizations can use to design a staff screening process. It reviews the objectives of screening, risks that a staff member may pose to a nonprofit's clientele, organization, and applicants, and techniques for tailoring the screening process to address risk factors. A matrix is provided that illustrates the child sexual abuse risk exposure. Chapter 2 reviews legal issues pertaining to screening and risk management strategies for legal screening, and Chapter 3 discusses the use of position descriptions and selection criteria to select the most qualified individual for a particular vacancy in the nonprofit and eliminate applicants who constitute a possible threat to service recipients, other staff, and to the organization. Chapter 4 focuses on recruitment and applications and discusses the construction of application forms and the kinds of information organizations should require in order to make informed decisions. Chapter 5 presents information about important interview goals, interviewing techniques, and risk management-related questions and issues germane to conducting interviews. The following chapter offers tips on checking references of staff members who will work with vulnerable populations or in other positions of trust within a nonprofit organization. Chapter 7 considers record checks and discusses the kinds of information available, the sources of the information, and applicable laws regarding use of the information. Other screening techniques are covered in Chapter 8, along with their application and misapplications in the screening process. The final chapter discusses how nonprofit organizations can use the various staff screening tools presented to customize a search, including the position descriptions, applications, interviews, reference checks, record checks, and other screening techniques. Chapters include checklists and a Tools section that contains sample forms and other useful information. 26 references.
Title: Mediation Skills for Child Welfare.
Published: 2002
Journal Name: CASCW Practice Notes
11, January 2002, p. 1-8
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/Practice_Notes_11.pdf
Abstract: This brief highlights the benefits for child protection workers in using communication and negotiation skills that are grounded in the field of mediation. It borrows elements from formal mediation models and demonstrates how mediation skills might be incorporated in everyday practice in child welfare. Common sources of disputes are identified, and information is provided on key principles for resolving interpersonal conflicts, strategies for narrowing the power imbalance inherent in the child protection system and empowering parents, using mediation skills in a solution-focused relationship, and exploring family networks. Limitations in the use of mediation skills are also discussed. 4 references.
Title: Analyzing Costs Associated with Community Partnerships for Protecting Children. Final Report.
Published: 2002
Available from: Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP)
http://www.cssp.org/
1575 Eye Street N.W., Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cssp.org/uploadFiles/Analyzing%20Costs%20Associated%20with%20Community%20Partnerships%20for%20Protecting%20Children.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the findings of a study that conducted a cost analysis of developing a Community Partnership for Protection Children (CPPC) in St. Louis, Missouri, to reform child protection strategies through changes to policy, practice, and decision-making at the local level. CPPCs are comprised of four broad implementation strategies: the development of individualized family services plans, the formation of a network of community services, implementation of new child protection policies and practice within the target area, and collaborative community decision-making. For the cost analysis, information was gathered on the total funding for the initiative for 2001, the total funding for each of the four CPPC implementation strategies, and types and sources of funding utilized for each implementation strategy. Data was collected through a review of project materials and reports and interviews with stakeholders. The analysis found the St. Louis Neighborhood Network relies on a range of funding sources and partner agencies to promote community based child protection. In 2001, the value of all of the shared resources totaled approximately $2.7 million. The cost analysis found that the initiative both influenced and relied on existing community resources. New funding from the Clark Foundation accounted for only 11% of the project funding and helped to guide spending and coordinate resources.
Title: The Contribution of Ethnographic Interviewing To Culturally Competent Practice.
Published: 2001
Journal Name: CASCW Practice Notes
10, Winter 2001, p. 1-6
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/cascw/attributes/PDF/practicenotes/Practicnotes_10.pdf
Abstract: This brief explains how Minnesota child welfare professionals can use ethnographic interviewing to provide a framework for delivering culturally competent services. It describes ethnographic interviewing as a method of interviewing in which the interviewer assumes the role of a learner rather than the expert. The interview is generally semi-structured, with the worker preparing a few broad questions in advance. The client guides the interview with his or her answers. Definitions of key terms are offered and the goals of ethnographic interviewing are explained. Information is then provided on stages of the interview, types of descriptive questions that should be used, strategies for incorporating ethnography into practice, and limitations of ethnographic interviewing. A case example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of using a narrative style of interviewing, and recommendations for implementing ethnographic interviewing in Minnesota are made. 6 references.
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