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Safety - Results (65 Publications)

Title: The State as Parent: The Reluctant Parent? The Problems of Parents of Last Resort. (Chapter 3 in Children, Family Responsibilities, and the State.)
Author(s): Masson, Judith.
Published: 2008
Available from: Wiley-Blackwell
www.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: This article explores the idea of the local authority as a reluctant parent and considers the extent to which this reluctance is produced by the care proceedings system and its consequences for children. It discusses the impact of the juridification of social work and the emphasis on the courts for holding local authorities to account, the balance between voluntary accommodation and compulsory care, and the problems of resourcing care services. 129 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Child Maltreatment Assessment Protocol.
Published: 2008
Available from: Arkansas Division of Children and Family Services
http://www.state.ar.us/dhs/chilnfam/
Donaghey Plaza West
Slot S201
P.O. Box 1437
Little Rock, AR 72203-1437
Printable version (PDF): http://www.arkansas.gov/dhs/chilnfam/PUB-357%20-%20Feb%2008%20-%20Online%20Ready%20(2).pdf
Abstract: This is a protocol to be used when a DCFS Family Service Worker (FSW) or the Arkansas State Police Crimes Against Children Division (CACD) Investigator conducts a Child Maltreatment Assessment. The protocol was developed under the authority of ACA 12-12-502(a), which authorizes the director to promulgate regulations to carry out the Child Maltreatment Act. It identifies and defines the various types of child maltreatment a FSW/CACD Investigator may encounter during an assessment. The protocol also identifies when and from whom an allegation of child maltreatment may be taken. Finally, it identifies those conditions, which must be met before an allegation of abuse or neglect can be founded (determined to be true). (Author abstract)

Title: Economic Self-Sufficiency for Families Affected by HIV and/or Substance Abuse.
Author(s): Krall, John.;Kohlenberg, Betty.;Martin, David.;Minton, Lisa.;Smith, Linney.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: The Source
v. 17, 1, Spring 2008,
Available from: National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center
http://aia.berkeley.edu
University of California, Berkeley
School of Social Welfare
1950 Addison St., Suite 104
Berkeley, CA 94704
Printable version (PDF): http://aia.berkeley.edu/media/pdf/source_vol17_no1.pdf
Abstract: This journal issue focuses on employment challenges faced by families affected by HIV and/or substance abuse and best practices for assisting such families become economically self-sufficient. The first article discusses workforce reentry for people living with HIV/AIDS. Research results are reported on the desire of individuals with HIV/AIDS to return to employment, and models of vocational rehabilitation are described. Factors to consider when contemplating a return to work are also explored, and federal legislation designed to support workforce reentry is highlighted. The second article discusses strategies for creating effective employment services for people living with HIV/AIDS. Barriers to employment and solutions are considered in four domains: medical, legal/financial, psychosocial, and vocational. Phases of the vocational process for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), finding HIV-specific employment services, and creating HIV-specific employment services are discussed. The following article considers how agencies can integrate vocational services into substance abuse treatment and describes the clinical issues involved. The issue also includes an interview with Linney Smith, Senior Vice President for Prevention and Support Services at Housing Works in New York City, that describes their social ventures and the ways in which these entrepreneurial activities have improved the organizational bottom line while helping clients develop economic self-sufficiency. The final article highlights the Job Readiness Program at Chrysalis House, Inc., in Lexington, Kentucky. The program supports women and their families in recovery from alcohol and other drug abuse. Numerous references.

Title: Criminal Background Checks on Foster and Adoptive Parents.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Resource Center for Permanency and Family Connections
http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp
Hunter College School of Social Work
129 East 79th Street
New York, NY 10065
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp/downloads/policy-issues/Criminal%20Background%20Checks.pdf
Abstract: This document summarizes information about state policies regarding repeat criminal background checks for foster and adoptive parents. (Author abstract)

Title: Feasibility Study of the Social Enterprise Intervention With Homeless Youth.
Author(s): Ferguson, Kristin M.;Xie, Bin.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Research on Social Work Practice
v. 18, 1, January 2008, p. 5-19
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Objective: To reduce mental health symptoms and high-risk behaviors and increase social support and service utilization among street-living youth, the authors conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of the social enterprise intervention (SEI) at a homeless youth agency. Method: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 16 street-living youth from the agency. SEI participants received 7 months of vocational and small business training and service referrals. A comparison sample of 12 agency youth was used. Results: Findings from independent sample t tests demonstrate that SEI participants displayed significant improvements at 9 months in life satisfaction, family contact, peer support, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that the SEI was feasible within the agency setting and associated with higher mental health and social outcomes. (Author abstract)

Title: Effects of Parental Monitoring, Parent-Child Communication, and Parents' Expectation of the Child's Acculturation on the Substance Use Behaviors of Urban, Hispanic Adolescents.
Author(s): Pokrel, Pallav.;Unger, Jennifer B.;Wagner, Karla D.;Ritt-Olson, Anamara.;Sussman, Steve.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse.
v. 6, 2, 2008, p. 200-213
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,936 Hispanic adolescents of mean age 14.0 years (standard deviation = 0.4) from seven Los Angeles area schools. The effects of perceived parental monitoring and parent?child communication on the adolescents' self-reported past thirty day cigarette smoking and alcohol and marijuana use behaviors were analyzed. In addition, the relationships between parents' expectations of the child's acculturation and adolescents' drug use behaviors were examined. Parental monitoring and parent?child communication were found to have statistically significant inverse associations with all three drug types when controlling for one another and the demographic variables assessed in the study. Parents' expectation of the child's acculturation to the U.S. was found to be inversely related with alcohol use. Parental monitoring and parent?child communication were not found to mediate the relationship between parents' expectation of the child's acculturation and alcohol use. (Author abstract)

Title: Matched Comparison of Children in Kinship Care and Foster Care on Child Welfare Outcomes.
Author(s): Winokur, Marc A.;Crawford, Graig A.;Longobardi, Ralph C.;Valentine, Deborah P.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 3, July-September 2008, p. 338-346
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Printable version (PDF): http://www.familiesinsociety.org/Show.asp?override=true&docid=3759
Abstract: The documented growth of kinship care has boldly thrust this topic into the forefront of child welfare practice. This study compares the permanency, safety, and stability outcomes for a matched group of children placed in kinship care and foster care. After controlling for demographic and placement characteristics, children in kinship care had significantly fewer placements than did children in foster care, and they were less likely to still be in care, have a new allegation of institutional abuse or neglect, be involved with the juvenile justice system, and achieve reunification. These findings call for a greater commitment by child welfare professionals, policy makers, and researchers to make kinship care a viable out-of-home placement option for children and families. (Author abstract) Free registration required to view online article.

Title: Entry Into Restrictive Care Settings: Placements of Last Resort?
Author(s): James, Sigrid.;Landsverk, John.;Leslie, Laurel K.;Slymen, Donald J.;Zhang, Jinjin.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 3, July-September 2008, p. 348-359
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Printable version (PDF): http://www.familiesinsociety.org/Show.asp?override=true&docid=3760
Abstract: This study examines the relative risk of first entry into restrictive care settings (RCSs) such as group homes, residential treatment, or inpatient psychiatric care for a cohort of children (N = 570) in out-of-home care, and determines reasons and determinants related to the risk of entering such settings. Findings indicate the cumulative hazard of entering restrictive settings is highest during the first 2 to 3 months following entry into care. Behavior-related placement disruptions, behavior problems, and older age are the primary determinants of this finding. Although the majority of children entered an RCS for behavior-related reasons, close to one third entered an RCS because of reasons unrelated to behavior. Implications for service delivery to children in out-of-home care are discussed. (Author abstract) Free registration required to view online article.

Title: Healing Families: An Outcome Evaluation of a Community Family Court.
Author(s): Rivera, Marny.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Juvenile and Family Court Journal
v. 59, 1, Winter 2008, p. 17-32
Available from: National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
http://www.ncjfcj.org/
PO Box 8970
Reno, NV 89507
Abstract: In this paper, a model community family court program that seeks to break the intergenerational cycle of crime and substance abuse by treating families holistically will be presented. This model court seeks to reduce crime and provide safe and permanent homes for children of substance-abusing parents. In this community family court, the prototypical problem-solving court has been both focused and expanded. The community family court provides a focused response designed to address the unique combination of problems facing families on a family-by-family basis. At the same time, supervision and treatment services have been expanded to include every family member and all open court cases including criminal charges, juvenile delinquency, dependency, and civil cases. An overview of the court's evolution and discussion of integrated services designed to provide a wraparound style intervention will be highlighted as key contributors to the largely positive results of this community family court's evaluation. (Author abstract)

Title: Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide.
Author(s): Fontes, Lisa Aronson.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This guide helps professionals conduct productive interviews while building strong working relationships with culturally and linguistically diverse clients. Chapters cover avoiding different types of bias; verbal and nonverbal ways to build rapport and convey respect; how to overcome language barriers, including effective use of interpreters; culturally competent interviews with children and adolescents; and key issues in working with immigrants and refugees. Strategies for avoiding common cross-cultural misunderstandings and producing fair, accurate reports are presented. (Author abstract)

Title: Substance Abuse Treatment for Child Welfare Families: Recent Research and Practice Implications.
Author(s): Ondersma, Steven J.
Published: 2008
Available from: ResearchChannel
http://www.researchchannel.org/
17 Kane Hall, Box 353090
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195-3090
Document available online at: http://www.researchchannel.org/prog/displayseries.aspx?pID=868&fID=5431
Abstract: A large percentage of parents who abuse, neglect or abandon their children have drug and alcohol problems. In this two-part series, learn about recent research about substance abuse in the context of the child welfare system, both from the perspective of front-line professionals as well as overall policy. (Author abstract)

Title: The Role of Interagency Collaboration for Substance-Abusing Families Involved with Child Welfare.
Author(s): Green, Beth L.;Rockhill, Anna.;Burrus, Scott.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Welfare
v. 87, 1, p. 29-61
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: Meeting the needs of families involved with the child welfare system because of a substance abuse issue remains a challenge for child welfare practitioners. In order to improve services to these families, there has been an increasing focus on improving collaboration between child welfare, treatment providers, and the court systems. This paper presents the results from qualitative interviews with 104 representatives of these three systems that explore how the collaborative process works to benefit families, as well as the barriers and supports for building successful collaborations. Results indicate that collaboration has at least three major functions: building shared value systems, improving communication, and providing a "team" of support. Each of these leads to different kinds of benefits for families as well as providers and has different implications for building successful collaborative interventions. Despite these putative benefits, providers within each system, however, continue to struggle to build effective collaborations, and they face such issues as deeply ingrained mistrust and continued lack of understanding of other systems' values, goals, and perspectives. Challenges that remain for successful collaborations are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Adolescent Males' Coping Responses to Domestic Violence: A Qualitative Study.
Author(s): Aymer, Samuel R.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 654-664
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: This article explores the coping strategies of 10 adolescent males, ages 14 through 17, who were exposed to domestic violence perpetrated by a male parent. In-depth interviews provide the foundation for understanding their experiences, suggesting that environmental stressors, which produce psychosocial difficulties, warrant clinical intervention, and in turn influence coping. It is noteworthy that such behavioral problems, which are sometimes seen as pathological, can also be adaptive. (Author abstract)

Title: A Guide to Interviewing Across Cultures. (Chapter 1 in Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide.)
Author(s): Fontes, Lisa Aronson.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This chapter discusses the purpose of interviews and the need to use a multicultural approach to interviewing. It explains how interviews differ from other kinds of conversations and cultural competence as an ethical issue. Case examples are given of cross-cultural interviews that crashed and questions for discussion are included. A orientation of following chapters is also provided.

Title: Understanding and Addressing Reluctance to Divulge Information. (Chapter 8 in Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide.)
Author(s): Fontes, Lisa Aronson.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This chapter discusses some of the cultural reason interviewees may be reluctant to confide or hesitant to address certain topics in particular. It describes ways to address sensitive topics and overcome reluctance when necessary. Strategies are provided for discussing four of the most difficult subjects: substance abuse, child abuse, intimate partner violence, and sexual assault. The chapter concludes with a discussion of when and how to respect people's right to remain silent, and questions for discussion. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Language Competence: Building Bridges with People Who Have a Different Native Language. (Chapter 6 in Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide.)
Author(s): Fontes, Lisa Aronson.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This chapter focuses on interviewing people who have a different native language from the one used in the interview. It discusses some of the research on memory and feelings when people speak in their native language versus a language they acquired later, and ways interviewers can achieve the best possible result when speaking with someone whose native language is different. Interviewers are urged to adopt an attitude of humility and support. U.S. guidelines and requirements for providing language access are also reviewed, and discussion questions are included.

Title: Common Dilemmas and Misunderstandings in Cross-Cultural Interviews. (Chapter 12 in Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide.)
Author(s): Fontes, Lisa Aronson.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: Common mistakes in cross-cultural interviews are identified and strategies are discussed for overcoming challenges related to gathering basic demographic information, dealing with people of uncertain immigration status, coping with tardiness, asking people about their backgrounds, and dealing with questions about professional competency. The impact of social class, the multiple meanings of yes, magical thinking, and dream interpretation are also addressed. Discussion questions are included.

Title: What Sets the Stage for Self-Injury? (Chapter 2 in Helping Teens who Cut: Understanding and Ending Self-Injury.)
Author(s): Hollander, Michael.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This chapter discusses qualities of emotional reactivity that can lead to self-injury in adolescents, as well as environmental factors that lead to emotional vulnerabilities. Emotional illiteracy is described and questions are provided for determining whether a child fits the pattern of using self-harm to manage painful emotions. Case examples are provided.

Title: Intergrating Child-Parent Psychotherapy with Other Service Systems. (Chapter 9 in Psychotherapy with Infants and Young Children: Repairing the Effects of Stress and Trauma on Early Attachment.)
Author(s): Lieberman, Alicia F.;Van Horn, Patricia.
Published: 2008
Available from: Guilford Press
http://www.guilford.com/
72 Spring Street
New York, NY 10012
Abstract: This chapter places psychotherapy intervention in the context of the systems of care that must often be enlisted to collaborate on behalf of the child and the family, including pediatric care, child care, and the child protective system (CPS). Obstacles to a therapeutic relationship with parents in the CPS system are addressed and strategies are described for circumventing their negative impact on parental participation. Case examples are provided.

Title: Report from the Wingspread Conference on Domestic Violence and Family Courts.
Author(s): Steegh, Nancy Ver.;Dalton, Clare.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 3, July 2008, p. 454-475
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: In February 2007 the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges and the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts brought together a working group of thirty-seven experienced practitioners and researchers to identify and explore conceptual and practical tensions that have hampered effective work with families in which domestic violence has been identified or alleged. Five central sets of issues were raised at the conference and are discussed in this report. These include the following: differentiation among families experiencing domestic violence, screening and triage, participation by families in varies processes and services, appropriate outcomes for children, and family court roles and resources. The report empahasizes the need for continued multidisciplinary collaboration in order to better serve families affected by domestic violence and it includes an appendix of consensus points as well as suggestions for formation of ongoing work groups. (Author abstract)

Title: Differentiation Among Types of Intimate Partner Violence: Research Update and Implications for Interventions.
Author(s): Kelly, Joan B.;Johnson, Michael P.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 3, July 2008, p. 476-499
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: A growing body of empirical research has demonstrated that intimate partner violence is not a unitary phenomenon and that types of domestic violence can be differentiated with respect to partner dynamics, context, and consequences. Four patterns of violence are described: Coercive Controlling, Violent Resistance, Situational Couple Violence, and Separation-Instigated Violence. The controversial matter of gender symmetry and asymmetry in intimate partner violence is discussed in terms of sampling differences and methodological limitations. Implications of differentiation among types of domestic violence include the need for improved screening measures and procedures in civil, family, and criminal court and the possibility of better decision making, appropriate sanctions, and more effective treatment programs tailored to the characteristics of different types of partner violence. In family court, reliable differentiation should provide the basis for determining what safegaurds are necessary and what types of parenting plans are appropriate to ensure healthy outcomes for children and parent-child relationships. (Author abstract)

Title: Divorce and Family Court: What Can Be Done About Domestic Violence?
Author(s): Ellis, Desmond.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 3, July 2008, p. 531-536
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: Approximately 50% of couples who have separated report being the victims of violence and/or emotional by their former intimate partners. Family courts can make an important contribution toward reducing the number of intimate partners who report being victims of domestic violence and abuse during and following their participation in divorce proceedings in three ways. First, increase opportunites for participation in nonadverserial procedures. Second, implement mandatory assessment/screening for domestic violence using field-tested instruments that link subscores on sets of items (e.g., control motivated violence, conflict instigated violence/abuse, substance abuse associated violence/abuse) with appropriate community-based treatments and/or resources. Third, educate family court judges, lawyers, mediators, and other court personnel in the dynamics of domestic violence generally, as well as the dynamics associated with separation/divorce. (Author abstract)

Title: "It's in Their Culture": Fairness and Cultural Considerations in Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Sujata, Warrier.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 3, July 2008, p. 537-542
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: This essay attempts to critique the prevailing thinking on culture and cultural competency within the context of domestic violence. Current thinking and presentations of culture usually consists of providing court personnel with essentialist pictures of various groups of people with suggestions on how to work with them. These pictures obscure the reality that cultures are often unstable and generalizations that lead to providing more misinformation. The essay develops a critical framwork on the issue and provides specific ways in which a more nuanced understanding of culture is helpful for court personnel as they grapple with how to work with a diverse population. (Author abstract)

Title: What's Good for the Gays is Good for the Gander: Making Homeless Youth Housing Safer for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Youth.
Author(s): Hunter, Ernst.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 3, July 2008, p. 537-542
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: Across the United States, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth are grossly overrepresented in the homeless youth population. These youth are at an increased risk of being victims of violence in homeless facilities. This Note examines the causes of the overrepresentation of LGBT youth in the homeless youth population. Additionally, this Note suggests the following changes to the regulation of homeless youth housing programs to make them safer for these youth; (1) placing low maximum limits on the occupancy capacity at which these programs may operate, (2) requiring that all showering facilities provide individual privacy, (3) prohibiting anti-LGBT discrimination in the provision of services, (4) requiring nondiscrimination and sensitivity training, and (5) promoting the creation of LGBT-specific homeless youth housing programs. (Author abstract)

Title: Recent Trends in Intimate Violence: Theory and Intervention Volume 2.
Author(s): Eisikovits, Zvi.;Winstok, Zeev.;Grauwiler, P.;Mills, Linda G.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 613-698
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: This journal is the second of two special issues that present the scholarly work of a study group on recent trends in intimate violence co-hosted by the University of Haifa and New York University in 2006. Participants were academic and practitioners from Israel, the United States, and the United Kingdom. The articles address two broad categories. The first half focuses on exploring issues such as meaning, identity, and shame, together with an analysis of the criminal justice system and a review of the methods available to research these issues. The second half emphasizes the role that a childhood history of abuse can play in defining one's future experiences with violence, and the systems designed to support the prevention of harm. Specifically, articles address: batterers' experience of intervention; shame and intimate abuse; the legal consequences of intimate partner violence for men and women; resistance to evaluation in batterers' programs in Israel; adolescent males' coping responses to domestic violence; the effectiveness of interventions and treatment modalities for child sexual abuse; bridging the divide between child welfare and domestic violence services; and new practice approaches in domestic violence and child protective services. Numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Doing Treatment: Batterer's Experience of Intervention.
Author(s): Buchbinder, Eli.;Eisikovits, Zvi.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 616-630
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: This paper provides an existential analysis of male batterers' perceptions of the interventions they received. The data was collected from qualitative interviews with batterers in a series of studies, in a variety of settings in Israel. These include probation departments, community-based domestic violence units, a residential hostel for court-mandated batterers and a therapeutic community for batterers in the prison system. The analysis focused on the batterers' understanding of the intervention experienced, as reflecting their existential struggle around meaning and being in the world. The intervention forced batterers to examine their relationship towards self, others and their values, in a world that is perceived as as hostile and lacking in significant meaning. It therefore focused on attempts to regain a sense of meaning and coherence. Batterers perceived their spouses as dangerous; as powerful agents that threaten their meaning system. In light of this, therapy is focused on the struggle between relinquishing or regaining control over the meaning of self in the world. This process is associated with rediscovery of shame, loss and fear and thus involves much anxiety. The complexities and paradoxes emerging from the men's narratives of therapy are analyzed and discussed. Some principals of existential therapy with batterers is suggested. (Author abstract)

Title: Shame and Intimate Abuse: The Critical Missing Link Between Cause and Cure.
Author(s): Mills, Linda G.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 631-638
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: Intimate abuse scholars have not, in general, recognized how central shame is in motivating perpetrators toward violence and in overshadowing a victim's experience of abuse. By teasing out what I call the shameful experience, victim and offender may gain new insight into the origins of violence. Acknowledging that shame is entwined both in the precipitation and reaction to violence provides a critical missing link in understanding the phenomenon of intimate abuse. Developing new mechanisms for identifying and addressing shame may be key in interrupting violence, as well as preventing its transmission to the next generation of victims and offenders. (Author abstract)

Title: The Legal Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence for Men and Women.
Author(s): Felson, Richard B.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 639-646
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: Activists claim that assaults on women by their intimate partners tend to go unreported, and that, when they are reported, offenders are treated leniently while victims are mistreated. I review a research program consisting of seven studies that examines whether assaults involving intimate partners have different consequences than other assaults, and whether these consequences depend on the gender of offenders and victims. The consequences examined include: whether the assault was reported to the police; the reasons the victim gave for reporting or not reporting; whether the victim signed a complaint; whether the offender was punished; and whether the victim was satisfied with the way the case was handled. The evidence does not support the idea that assaults by male partners are particularly likely to be underreported or treated leniently. Rather, the results suggest that offenders who assault women are more likely to suffer legal consequences than those who assault men, whether their victim is their partner or someone else. (Author abstract)

Title: Child Protection and Re-Referrals Involving Serious Concerns: A Follow-Up Study of 400 Referrals Closed by Social Services Departments.
Author(s): Forrester, Donald.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Family Social Work
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 286-299
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: In England and Wales, local authorities have a duty under the 1989 Children Act to protect children from significant harm. This study builds on a previous paper that considered patterns of re-referral in cases that were not allocated; it considers re-referrals involving serious concerns about a child. File studies were carried out on 400 consecutive referrals to three local authorities in London that were closed rather than being allocated for long-term work in early 2000. Information on the presence and nature of re-referrals involving concerns about actual or potential 'significant harm' in the 27 months after closure (i.e. up to 2002) was noted. Such re-referrals were rare (2.75%). The factors that were statistically associated with them were: previous involvement with Social Services, physical abuse and parental alcohol misuse in the closed referral. These factors were also identified in a descriptive analysis of the re-referrals, though in addition issues not present in the original referral were identified as important, namely parental mental illness and sexual abuse. The findings were encouraging about the effectiveness of initial child protection assessment processes at the time of referral closure. The potential for the factors identified in the analyses to be used in initial risk assessment and their applicability to current policy and practice is considered. (Author abstract)

Title: Child Sexual Abuse: A Critical Review of Intervention and Treatment Modalities.
Author(s): Lev-Wiesel, Rachel.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 665-673
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: Recent years have ushered a growing understanding and a broadening knowledge base of the complexities of child sexual abuse. These complexities are acerbated by the need to account for the specific problem of child sexual abuse (CSA) in the larger context of multi-problem intervention, requiring multi-disciplinary team efforts as well as sensitive and focused attention to CSA itself. The aim of this paper is to critically examine the literature on several treatment modalities that are utilized by professionals from a range of disciplines treating victims of childhood sexual abuse. Acknowledging recent findings that dissociative disorders among CSA survivors are high compared to surviviors of other forms of trauma and that about 80% of adult CSA survivors who were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder actually suffer from dissociative disorders, the author discusses the phenomena of dissociative identity disorder among survivors who were sexually abused. The implications for the development of a therapeutic model are described, including a delineation of the model components. (Author abstract)

Title: Bridging the Divide Between Child Welfare and Domestic Violence Services: Deconstructing the Change Process.
Author(s): Moles, Kerry.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 674-688
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: In spite of the long and well-documented history of tension between the domestic violence and child welfare systems in the United States, a number of communities have developed effective collaborations between the two in order to better meet the needs of families involved with both. After setting the historical context for the tensions between providers of child welfare and domestic violence services, the changing relationship betwen the two systems is examined from the perspective of professionals in both fields in one large urban community, New York City. Recommendations are made for continued. Communities seeking to improve their own response to the co-occurrence of domestic violence and child maltreatment may be able to gain from developing a broader understanding of the challenges and successes of the change process in a community which has struggled to improve collaboration. (Author abstract)

Title: From Evolving Discourses to New Practice Approaches in Domestic Violence and Child Protective Services.
Author(s): Friend, Colleen.;Shlonsky, Aron.;Lambert, Liz.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 6, June 2008, p. 689-698
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: This article examines the evolution of the discourse surrounding domestic violence (DV), explores how that discourse intersects with public child welfare (PCW), and makes some suggestions for improving the quality and consistency of services for families involved in these systems in both the United States and Canada. In particular, the discourse at the intersection of the two systems has focused on whether or not children's exposure to DV is maltreatment and, further, if it warrants placement in foster care. Within the PCW system itself, data seem to point to divisions in worker beliefs over what circumstances necessitate removal of children and what solutions should be pursued in order to achieve permanence. Legislation and courts have spoken to this complex issue. Given the tension and new developments in the field, this article proposes that harm reduction (HR), evidence-based practice (EBP), and differential response (DR) approaches can bring the two systems together in order to better serve families. (Author abstract)

Title: Child Maltreatment and Substance Abuse Among U.S. Army Soldiers.
Author(s): Gibbs, Deborah A.;Martin, Sandra L.;Johnson, Ruby E.;Rentz, E. Danielle.;Clinton-Sherrod, Monique;Hardison, Jennifer.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 259-268
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Although substance abuse has consistently been linked to child maltreatment, no study to date has described the extent of substance abuse among child maltreatment offenders within the military. Analysis of U.S. Army data on all substantiated incidents of parental child maltreatment committed between 2000 and 2004 by active duty soldiers found that 13% of offenders were noted to have been abusing alcohol or illicit drugs at the time of their child maltreatment incident. The odds of substance abuse were increased for offenders who committed child neglect or emotional abuse, but were reduced for child physical abuse. The odds of offender substance abuse nearly tripled in child maltreatment incidents that also involved co-occurring spouse abuse. Findings include a lack of association between offender substance abuse and child maltreatment recurrence, possibly because of the increased likelihood of removal of offenders from the home when either substance abuse or spouse abuse were documented. (Author abstract)

Title: Homeless Youth: Bibliography and Resources: The California Youth Homeless Project.
Author(s): Foster, Lisa K.
Published: 2008
Available from: California Research Bureau
http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/
California State Library, State Information and Reference Center, P.O. Box 942837
Sacramento, CA 94237-0001
Printable version (PDF): http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/08/08-010.pdf
Abstract: This California Research Bureau (CRB) report is a resource document on the subject of homeless youth. It was compiled for the California Homeless Youth Project which is described below. In addition to an annotated bibliography, it includes policy seminar agendas and contact information for the seminar presenters, all of whom are knowledgeable resources about homeless youth, services for this population, and/or the current research in this area. (Author abstract)

Title: Helping Child Victims of Family Violence through School Personnel: An Evaluation of a Training Program.
Author(s): Young, Hannah L.;Mancuso, Alfred F.;Faherty, Ellen.;Dorman, Sally A.;Umbrell, Jessica R.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma
v. 16, 2, 2008, p. 144-163
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study sought to evaluate the effects of a domestic violence training program for school professionals. The training was presented in 18 locations throughout rural Western New York. The training included information about the dynamics of domestic violence, the effects on children, interventions, and community resources. Pretest and posttest surveys (N=644) were used to monitor changes in knowledge and attitudes regarding domestic violence. Dependant samples t-tests, repeated measures ANOVA, and descriptive analyses were used to examine the results. The training helped dispel myths about domestic violence and increase attendees' confidence in their abilities to identify and help children affected by domestic violence. The data identified a lack of understanding of school safety policies and procedures. (Author abstract)

Title: Texas: 2020 Data Brief.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/1A3D4787-3EF1-44F4-97B5-5F169BF15733/714/TX_brief2.pdf
Abstract: Casey Family Programs' 2020 Data Briefs highlight positive, long-term trends associated with each state's progress towards achieving the goals Casey Family Programs has articulated as a part of its 2020 Strategy. This brief showcases Texas and the data associated with a reduction in the number of children in out-of-home care.

Title: Assessing the Risk of Juvenile Sex Offenders Using the Intensive Parole Sex Offender Domain.
Author(s): Barnoski, Robert.
Published: 2008
Available from: Washington State Institute for Public Policy
http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/
110 Fifth Avenue SE, Suite 214
P.O. Box 40999
Olympia, WA 98504-0999
Document available online at: http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/pub.asp?docid=08-05-1101
Printable version (PDF): http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/08-05-1101.pdf
Abstract: The Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration (JRA)within the Washington State Department of Socialand Health Services contracted with the WashingtonState Institute for Public Policy (Institute) todetermine if an empirically valid risk assessment forsexual reoffending could be developed using datafrom the Intensive Parole Supervision Assessment(IPSA). This report summarizes the findings. (Author abstract)

Title: Living on an Island: Consequences of Childhood Abuse, Attachment Disruption and Adversity in Later Life.
Author(s): Frederick, John.;Goddard, Chris.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Family Social Work
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 300-310
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: This paper reports on a study which sought to obtain greater knowledge and understanding of the life circumstances of a group of people who had experienced adversity and abuse in childhood. A qualitative research strategy involving in-depth interviews with individuals was used to help achieve the study's aim. The study found that interviewees detailed multiple risks to their development during childhood and adolescence, including experiences of child abuse, being placed in care and major grief and loss experiences. Most had left home in their mid-teenage years and had little or no contact with their families of origin. Interviewees had very limited social networks and described difficulties in making and keeping friends. Many reported unstable and often violent personal relationships. As suggested by attachment theory, this study supports the notion of developmental continuities from adverse childhood experiences into later life, particularly in relation to personal and social relationships. Recommendations for a number of suitable methods of intervention and support are outlined. (Author abstract)

Title: Risk Assessment Instruments to Predict Recidivism of Sex Offenders: Practices in Washington State.
Author(s): Klima, Tali.;Lieb, Roxanne.
Published: 2008
Available from: Washington State Institute for Public Policy
http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/
110 Fifth Avenue SE, Suite 214
P.O. Box 40999
Olympia, WA 98504-0999
Document available online at: http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/pub.asp?docid=08-06-1101
Printable version (PDF): http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/08-06-1101.pdf
Abstract: This paper reviews policies and practices regarding assessment of sex offenders for risk of reoffense among public agencies and private treatment providers in Washington State.Specifically, we reviewed the use of risk assessment instruments, which gauge the likelihood that individual sex offenders will reoffend.

We found that a diverse set of instruments are employed by public and private entities in making decisions about sex offenders. These decisions include sentencing, facility assignment, treatment,release, public notification, and community supervision. As expected, there was greater variability in risk assessment practices among private treatment providers than public agencies.

Three policies related to risk assessment were identified as topics of concern. One is the lack of appropriate instruments for juvenile sex offenders.The second is the validity of the primary instrument used to determine risk levels forregistration purposes, the WSSORLCT (soon to be replaced). Third, some informants discussed the static nature of risk level assignment and suggested provisions to reassess offenders' levels during extended registration periods. (Author abstract)

Title: Integrated Crisis Response Pilots: Preliminary Outcomes of Clients Admitted to Secure Detox.
Author(s): Mayfield, Jim.;Burley, Mason.
Published: 2008
Available from: Washington State Institute for Public Policy
http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/
110 Fifth Avenue SE, Suite 214
P.O. Box 40999
Olympia, WA 98504-0999
Document available online at: http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/pub.asp?docid=08-07-3902
Printable version (PDF): http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/08-07-3902.pdf
Abstract: In 2006, the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services established two pilot sites for the Integrated Crisis Response Program. At these sites, Designated Crisis Responders (DCR) investigate andhave authority to detain individuals with serious mental illness or substance abuse problems. Elsewhere in the state, this function is conducted separately by mental health professionals and chemicaldependency specialists. The pilots also created secure detox facilities to hold involuntarily detained individuals. This report describes outcomes ofclients admitted to these secure detox facilities. Due to the preliminary nature of this study and the challenge of identifying an adequatecomparison group, these findings should not be considered final. (Author abstract)

Title: Developmental Needs and Individualized Family Service Plans Among Infants and Toddlers in the Child Welfare System.
Author(s): Casanueva, Cecilia E.;Cross, Theodore P.;Ringeisen, Heather.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 245-258
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: This study examines levels of developmental need in young children investigated by child protective services, estimates early intervention service use, and examines need and service use variations during the 5-6 years after investigation on the basis of maltreatment substantiation status. Data were from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the first nationally representative study of children investigated for maltreatment. The sample comprised 1,845 children aged 0 to 36 months at baseline. Logistic regression with covariate adjustment was used to examine the relationship between having an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP; a proxy and marker of early intervention services through Part C of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act) and substantiation status. A high prevalence of developmental problems was found among children with substantiated cases and children with unsubstantiated cases. Few children with developmental needs had an IFSP. Substantiation status and level of child welfare system involvement were significantly associated with having an IFSP. (Author abstract)

Title: Empirical Issues in the Design of Group-Randomized Studies to Measure the Effects of Interventions for Children.
Author(s): Bloom, Howard.;Zhu, Pei.;Jacob, Robin.;Raudenbush, Stephen.;Martinez, Andres.;Lin, Fen.
Published: 2008
Available from: MDRC
http://www.mdrc.org/
19th Floor
16 East 34 Street
New York, NY 10016-4326
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mdrc.org/publications/483/full.pdf
Abstract: This working paper provides practical guidance for researchers who are designing studies that randomize groups to measure the impacts of interventions on children. To do so, the paper: (1) provides new empirical information about the values of parameters that influence the precision of impact estimates (intra-class correlations and R-squares); (2) examines the implications of planning group-randomized studies for three-level hierarchical situations, using empirical information obtained by estimating two-level hierarchical models (which under many conditions appears to not be problematic); and (3) assesses the implications of the uncertainty that exists when the design of group-randomized studies is based on estimates of intra-class correlations. Data for the paper come from two studies: the Chicago Literacy Initiative: Making Better Early Readers study (CLIMBERs) and the School Breakfast Pilot Project (SBPP). The analysis sample from CLIMBERs comprised 430 4-year-old children from 47 preschool classrooms in 23 Chicago public schools. The analysis sample from the SBPP study comprised 1,151 third-graders from 233 classrooms in 111 schools in six school districts. (Author abstract)

Title: What Parents Value from Formal Support Services in the Context of Identified Child Abuse.
Author(s): Hardy, Fotina.;Darlington, Yvonne.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Family Social Work
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 252-261
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: Parents whose children are identified as having experienced or being at risk of experiencing significant harm potentially provide an invaluable dimension to our understanding of the circumstances that result in child abuse or neglect and how best to respond to these invariably complex situations. This paper reports findings from a study of the experiences of six parents.In-depth interviews were conducted with four mothers and two fathers who had been referred to an intensive family support service by the Queensland statutory child protection authority. Using a critical ecological perspective, the study focused on identifying and understanding the experiences of the parents in using formal family support services, including aspects of service delivery that were helpful or unhelpful. Parents also commented on their experiences of statutory child protection services.Service components and worker qualities that parents identified as being helpful included being accessible, targeted and integrated and being able to meet a continuum of needs, from a micro to a broader level. Their reports provide invaluable insight into how formal family support services, including child protection services, can better meet the needs of parents in addressing the recurring problem of child maltreatment.

Title: Safety, Family, Permanency, and Child Well-Being: What We Can Learn From Children.
Author(s): Fox, Adair.;Berrick, Jill Duerr.;Frasch, Karie.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Welfare
v. 87, 1, p. 63-90
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Abstract: This study is an attempt to infuse into discussions about system accountability the notion that children can speak to issues of safety, family, permanency, and well-being in child welfare. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design involving in-home, semistructured interviews with children ages 6 to 13 in two urban California counties. Of the 100 children who participated in face-to-face interviews, 59 were living with kin caregivers and 41 were living with non-kin. Standardized instruments and measures developed specifically for this study were employed. Findings indicate that while children assess their homes as safe, neighborhood conditions are often challenging. A significant proportion of children reveal less than optimal relationships with their caregivers, and many experience feelings of impermanence. Nevertheless, children report positive regard for the caregiving they receive and are optimistic about the future. Implications for practice and research are addressed. (Author abstract, modified)

Title: How Do High-Risk Youth Use the Internet? Characteristics and Implications for Prevention.
Author(s): Wells, Melissa.;Mitchell, Kimberly J.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 227-234
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Using data from the Second Youth Internet Safety Survey, a nationally representative telephone survey of 1,500 youth Internet users (ages 10 to 17), this study explores differences in Internet use characteristics between high risk youth and other Internet users. Those youth who engaged in aggressive behavior online and those who used the Internet on a cell phone were about twice as likely to be classified as high risk (having experienced high parent conflict or child maltreatment) as compared to other Internet users. Those youth who talked with known friends online were significantly less likely to be included in the high risk group. Controlling for demographic and Internet use characteristics, youth who received an aggressive sexual solicitation were almost 2.5 times as likely to report experiencing physical abuse, sexual abuse or high parent conflict. Implications for prevention are discussed, including avenues for reaching high risk populations of youth. (Author abstract)

Title: Child and Adult Victimization: Sequelae for Female Caregivers of High-Risk Children.
Author(s): Weisbart, Cindy E.;Thompson, Richard.;Pelaez-Merrick, Melissa.;Kim, Jeongeun.;Wike, Traci.;Briggs, Ernestine.;English, Diana J.;Dubowitz, Howard.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 3, August 2008, p. 235-244
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Little is known about the effects of child versus adult victimization or about the effects of victimization on physical health or social support. Mental and physical health outcomes among 890 female caregivers were examined utilizing data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN). The study examined whether victimized women (compared to nonvictimized women) would endorse higher rates of depression, lower levels of social support, and poorer recent health. Differences between subgroups of victimized women defined by when victimization occurred (child only, adult only, and both child and adult) were also examined. Women with any victimization and women with victimization during both time periods had the worst outcomes. Child-only victimization effects, however, did not differ significantly from adult-only victimization. This study suggests added vulnerability for women victimized during both childhood and adulthood. Clinicians should carefully assess lifetime experiences of victimization; approaches to such assessment should be refined through further research. (Author abstract)

Title: Evaluation Brief on the Status and Activities Related to Florida's IV-E Waiver Demonstration Project: First 18 Months.
Author(s): King-Miller, T.;Armstrong, M.I.;Sowell, C.;Jordan, N.;Sharrock, P.;Vargo, A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Department of Child & Family Studies, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute
http://cfs.fmhi.usf.edu/
13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MHC 2321
Tampa, FL 33612-3809
Printable version (PDF): http://cfs.fmhi.usf.edu/stateandlocal/pdf/cbcreport08_08.pdf
Abstract: The purpose of the IV-E Waiver evaluation is to determine the effectiveness of expanded child welfare services and supports in improving permanency and safety outcomes for children in or at risk of entering out-of-home placement. This issue brief summarizes findings covering the first 18 months of the IV-E Waiver implementation (October 2006 - March 2008). In response to the IV-E Waiver, Community-Based Care lead agencies report using various creative approaches aimed at producing immediate and long-term benefits. (Author abstract)

Title: Early Intervention for Infants and Toddlers With Disabilities and Their Families: Participants, Services, and Outcomes: Final Report of the National Early Intervention Longitudinal Study (NEILS).
Author(s): Hebbeler, Kathleen.;Spiker, Donna.;Bailey, Don.;Scarborough, Anita.;Mallik, Sangeeta.;Simeonsson, Rune.
Published: 2007
Available from: SRI International
http://www.sri.com
333 Ravenswood Avenue
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Printable version (PDF): http://www.sri.com/neils/pdfs/NEILS_Report_02_07_Final2.pdf
Abstract: For more than 20 years, federal law has recognized the importance of providing early intervention (EI) services to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families. State systems to serve this population have been established and refined since the federal grant program and its accompanying requirements governing EI were created in 1986. Every state provides EI services, although the states differ in regard to a number of dimensions, including the lead agency that administers the program, the constellation and organization of local programs that provide services, and how services are funded. This National Early Intervention Longitudinal Study (NEILS) report presents the key findings from a national longitudinal study that followed children who were identified when younger than 3 years of age as meeting their state's eligibility criteria for EI and whose families were subsequently provided with those services. NEILS is the first and only national look at important policy issues such as which children and families are being served in EI programs, what services they receive, and what outcomes they experience. This report summarizes some of the key findings from this 10-year study and notes their implications for policy, practice, and additional research. (Author abstract)

Title: Effects of Coordinated Services for Drug-Abusing Women Who Are Victims of Intimate Partner Violence.
Author(s): Bennett, Larry.;O'Brien, Patricia.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Violence Against Women
v. 13, 4, p. 395-411
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: This article summarizes outcomes from a demonstration project on collaboration between substance abuse and domestic violence agencies. Researchers recruited women seeking services for substance abuse or intimate partner violence at 1 of 6 participating agencies. Admitted women were both victims of domestic violence and abusing alcohol or drugs. Following an initial screening, participants were interviewed at program entry (n = 255) and again 4 to 6 months later (n = 128, 50%). Key outcomes were the number of days substances were used in the past 30 days, women's perceptions of harm from battering, and domestic violence self-efficacy. Results suggest participants used substances less frequently and experienced themselves as more efficacious following services, but they were also more fearful of the consequences of domestic violence. Repeated-measures MANOVA found that substance abuse days and domestic violence self-efficacy significantly contributed to the multivariate function. Implications for services for women with co-occurring substance abuse and domestic violence victimization are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Child Welfare Interventions for Drug-Dependent Pregnant Women: Limitations of a Non-Public Health Response.
Author(s): Weber, Ellen M.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: UMKC Law Review
v. 75, 3, Spring 2007, p. 789-846
Available from: DigitalCommons@UM Law
http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/
Document available online at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/fac_pubs/462/
Printable version (PDF): http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1460&context=fac_pubs
Abstract: National drug policy, medical practice and the child welfare system have not kept pace with scientific research that points to effective health interventions to address alcoholism and drug dependence among pregnant women. In its 2003 amendments to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, Congress adopted a policy requiring physicians to report to child protective services all patients who give birth to an infant affected by illicit drug use. Drawing on epidemiological, medical and social science research, this Article critiques Congress's decision to require health professionals to engage in a surveillance role instead of a therapeutic intervention. In seeking to craft an effective child protection strategy, this Article explores two fundamental issues that weigh against the adoption of a nationwide physician reporting requirement. The first is the child welfare system's limited capacity -- as an institution that carries out both child protection and rehabilitation functions simultaneously -- to help drug-dependent pregnant women change their behavior. The second is the adverse effect of coerced treatment on both a physician's ability to deliver effective prenatal care and a drug-dependent woman's willingness to access health care that will mitigate the harm associated with drug use. This Article proposes that states adopt an alternative child protection model that restores physicians to their role of healer and requires them to carry out their ethical and therapeutic obligation to diagnose this serious medical problem during prenatal care. (Author abstract)

Title: Immigrant and Homeless: Information for School District Title III Programs and Community Agencies.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/briefs/imm_gen.pdf
Abstract: This brief discusses the challenges faced by immigrant children and their possible eligibility for services under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act. Services under the Act are designed to reduce academic barriers and have a positive impact on the educational outcomes of eligible students by allowing eligible students to remain in the same school, and by requiring each district to appoint a local homeless education liaison to examine each child or youth's situation to determine eligibility for services. The strong collaborative relationships between Title III programs and community agencies that enable liaisons to secure the most appropriate services for immigrant children and families are noted, and strategies for collaborating with the liaison to ensure services to eligible students are reviewed. 3 references.

Title: From the School Office to the Classroom: Strategies for Enrolling and Supporting Students Experiencing Homelessness: A Handbook for Local Liaisons, Enrollment Staff, and District Administrators.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/dis_hb/enrollment.pdf
Abstract: This federally funded handbook provides local liaisons, enrollment staff, and district administrators with strategies for enrolling homeless students and welcoming them into the school community. It begins by defining homelessness and reviewing the basic requirements for immediate school enrollment of homeless children and youth under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act. Information is provided on: the school the children should be enrolled in, simplifying the enrollment process, immunizations, enrollment of unaccompanied youth, specific considerations and strategies for enrolling a large numbers of displaced youth, strategies for keeping data on homeless youth, strategies for deciding on classes and services without school records, placing youth in enrichment and other supplemental services, collaborating with other agencies to assist unaccompanied youth, services for youth who are enrolling mid-semester, expediting special education services, strategies for supporting the mental health of students and parents, and strategies for helping teachers make students feel comfortable and involved. Checklists are provided.

Title: School as a Safety Net: Connecting Displaced Children With Educational and Support Services: A Handbook for Relief Agency Staff and Volunteers.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/dis_hb/school_safety_net.pdf
Abstract: Intended for relief agency staff and volunteers, this federally funded handbook emphasizes the role of school and education in the healing of children and youth whose lives have been disrupted by disasters and explains requirements for educational services under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act. It begins by describing how schools complement relief efforts, defining homelessness, and reviewing the basic requirements for immediate school enrollment of homeless children and youth under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act. Information is then provided on: the role of the local liaison, the enrollment process, immunizations, transportation to the school of origin, enrollment of unaccompanied youth, enrollment in public preschool programs, and special education services. Strategies relief agency workers can use to collaborate with schools are shared and a support services checklist is provided.

Title: Immigrant and Homeless: Information for Local Liaisons.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/briefs/imm_lia.pdf
Abstract: Intended for local liaisons tasked with implementing the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, this brief reviews the challenges faced by immigrant and refugee children and youth and the role of school as a stabilizer in the lives of immigrant youth. Educational barriers that are faced by immigrant students are identified, as well as strategies for addressing such barriers. Information is provided on the homelessness of immigrant youth and questions are given for determining eligibility for McKinney-Vento services. Steps local liaisons can take to coordinate school district and community services for immigrant youth are also discussed. 25 references.

Title: Housing Agency and School District Collaborations to Serve Homeless and Highly Mobile Students.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/briefs/housing_collab.pdf
Abstract: This brief explores the challenges of providing housing and educational services to homeless children and emphasizes the need for collaboration between public housing authorities and school districts. It reviews the rights of homeless children under The Education for Homeless Children and Youth (EHCY) Program of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, a program that directs states to ensure that children and youth in homeless situations receive a free, appropriate public education. Examples are then provided of successful collaborations in Minnesota, Texas, and Colorado. 9 references.

Title: Domestic Violence at the Intersections of Race, Class, and Gender.
Author(s): Sokoloff, Natalie J.;Dupont, Ida.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Violence Against Women
v. 11, 1, p. 38-64
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Document available online at: http://vaw.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/1/38
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive review of the emerging domestic violence literature using a race, class, gender, sexual orientation intersectional analysis and structural framework fostered by women of color and their allies to understand the experiences and contexts of domestic violence for marginalized women in U.S. society. The first half of the article lays out a series of challenges that an intersectional analysis grounded in a structural framework provides for understanding the role of culture in domestic violence. The second half of the article points to major contributions of such an approach to feminist methods and practices in working with battered women on the margins of society. (Author abstract)

Title: Domestic Violence, Homelessness, and Children's Education.
Published: 2005
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/briefs/domestic.pdf
Abstract: This brief explains the link between domestic violence and homelessness, the challenges faced by children and youth who flee violent homes, and the barriers they face in accessing educational services. Key provisions of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act and the Federal Education Rights and Privacy Act that ensure educational rights and protections for children and youth experiencing homelessness are reviewed, and best practices for addressing barriers to the enrollment of youth fleeing domestic violence are discussed. Practices and policies for schools and for service providers are recommended. Excerpts from the law are also included. 11 references.

Title: Parent and Partner Violence in Families With Young Children: Rates, Patterns, and Connections.
Author(s): Slep, Amy M. Smith.;O'Leary, Susan G.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
v. 73, 3, June 2005, p. 435-444
Available from: American Psychological Association
http://www.apa.org
750 1st St., NE
Washington, DC 20002
Printable version (PDF): http://www.apa.org/journals/features/ccp733435.pdf
Abstract: In this study, the authors assessed men's and women's partner and parent physical aggression among 453 representatively sampled families with young children. The prevalences of partner aggression and of severe parent aggression were higher than previously reported. Substantial rates of co-occurrence were found. Risk ratios and regression analyses indicated that connections between (a) husbands' and wives' partner aggression and (b) mothers' and fathers' parent aggression were especially strong. Patterns of co-occurrence pointed to the probable relative importance of family-level, in comparison with individual, predictors of aggression. Patterns of co-occurring violence are described in light of the theoretical literature. Implications for studying family violence in community samples are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Integrating Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services into a County Welfare to Work Program. (Chapter 6 in Changing Welfare Services: Case Studies of Local Welfare Reform Programs.)
Author(s): Schmidt, Christine M.;Austin, Michael J.
Published: 2004
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: A case study is offered that describes the substance abuse and mental health services provided by Sonoma County's welfare-to work program (Sonoma WORKS), and designed to assist CalWORKs recipients in transitioning as rapidly as possible from dependency on public assistance to self-sufficiency through unsubsidized employment. The integration of the mental health and substance abuse service system into the welfare-to-work program is described, as well as the program's operations, successes, challenges, and lessons learned. 1 figure and 13 references.

Title: A Community Partnership Approach to Serving the Homeless. (Chapter 15 in Changing Welfare Services: Case Studies of Local Welfare Reform Programs.)
Author(s): Libby, Margaret K.;Austin, Michael J.
Published: 2004
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: A case study is offered that highlights the Transitional Residential Alliance and Integrated Network (TRAIN), a successful community-led initiative in Napa County, California, designed to provide transitional housing and case-management services to those in great need. The alliance was an effective partnership between the county health and human service agency and community-based nonprofit organizations. The development of the program is described, as well as the program's operations, successes, challenges, and lessons learned. 14 references.

Title: Wraparound Services for Homeless TANF Families Recovering From Substance Abuse. (Chapter 16 in Changing Welfare Services: Case Studies of Local Welfare Reform Programs.)
Author(s): Downes, Debbie.;Austin, Michael J.
Published: 2004
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: A case study is offered that highlights Pueblo Del Mar (PDM), a transitional housing program located near Monterey, California, that offers wraparound services to homeless families recovering from substance abuse. The social model approach to substance abuse recovery is explained, as well as the development of the program and the program's operations, successes, challenges, and lessons learned. 10 references.

Title: Screening for Intimate Partner Violence when Children are Present: The Victim's Perspective.
Author(s): Zink, Therese M.;Jacobson, Jeff.
Published: 2003
Journal Name: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
v. 18, 8, August 2003, p. 872-890
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Document available online at: http://jiv.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/18/8/872
Abstract: Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is routinely encountered in health care, it often goes undetected. Medical organizations recommend routine screening of women alone without children or partner. Separating a mother from her children may not be feasible in busy practices. Therefore, screening may not occur. Little research has examined women's desires about IPV screening in front of their children. This study interviewed 32 mothers/survivors who were in either an IPV shelter or support group regarding their wishes about IPV screening and discussions in front of their children. Interviews were audio taped, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Major themes included mothers' comfort with the use of general IPV screening questions in front of children ages 3 to 12 years. In summary, most mothers/ survivors were comfortable with physicians using general questions to screen for IPV but preferred in-depth discussions about the abuse and resource sharing in private. (Author abstract)

Title: Congregate Care for Infants and Toddlers: Shedding New Light on an Old Question.
Author(s): Harden, Brenda Jones.
Published: 2002
Journal Name: Infant Mental Health Journal
v. 23, 5, September 2002, p. 476-495
Available from: Wiley Interscience.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: With the advent of the crack epidemic and the concurrent decrease in available foster homes for young children, the placement of infants and toddlers in residential congregate care settings has resurfaced in some of the larger urban areas of the United States. Despite the controversy surrounding this type of placement, current research on congregate care settings is almost nonexistent. The present study examines the congregate care facilities that were established in an urban area in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as a response to the placement crisis for young children in foster care. In addition, the study compares the development of a group of children placed in these settings with a group who were placed in foster home settings. Findings suggest that congregate care facilities differ in their appropriateness for young children based on the number of children in the home and the practice philosophy of the group home. The study documented that children reared in foster family homes fared better than their group-reared counterparts on a variety of variables, including mental development and adaptive skills. In contrast, children reared in congregate care facilities were similar to foster home-reared children regarding observed and reported behavior problems. Implications of these finding for policies and practices related to congregate care placements are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: The Placement of Infants in Foster Care.
Author(s): Wulczyn, Fred.;Hislop, Kristen Brunner.;Harden, Brenda Jones.
Published: 2002
Journal Name: Infant Mental Health Journal
v. 23, 5, September 2002, p. 454-475
Available from: Wiley Interscience.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: The fundamental question explored in this study concerns the relationship between age and the risk of placement into foster care, the likelihood a child will leave placement, and the likelihood a child will return to foster care having been discharged. The study is based on the experiences of more than 690,000 children in 11 states over an eight-year period, from 1990 to 1997. The results suggest quite strongly that very young children are at greatest risk of entry into foster care, particularly if they are from urban areas. Specifically, 1% of children under one year and 2.5% of children under the age of four months enter foster care. Moreover, once in care, children under the age of four months at the time of placement remain in foster care longer than other children. The implications of these findings for public policy and future research are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Maltreatment Reports and Placement Outcomes for Infants and Toddlers in Out-of-Home Care.
Author(s): Frame, Laura.
Published: 2002
Journal Name: Infant Mental Health Journal
v. 23, 5, September 2002, p. 517-540
Available from: Wiley Interscience.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between child and family characteristics, child abuse and neglect reporting histories, and placement outcomes for a sample of 1,357 infants and toddlers who were placed in foster care prior to the implementation of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 (P.L. 105-89). A cohort of children entering foster care in six California counties were followed for an average of four years, using data drawn from two management information systems (child protective services and foster care). Among the findings: children with documented prenatal drug and/or alcohol exposure were among those more likely to remain in care during the entire study period, and if they did reunify with their families, were more likely to subsequently reenter care. All children who remained in care were placed after a single report to child protective services. These child welfare outcomes are considered in light of existing child welfare policy and research about developmental risk, yielding practice, policy, and research implications. (Author abstract)

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