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Administration / Child Welfare Systems - Results (94 Publications)

Title: Physical Abuse in Childhood (Ages 5-13). (Chapter 12 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Portwood, Sharon G.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The prevalence of the physical abuse of children is discussed and biological and genetic factors that increase the risk of perpetration of abuse and of victimization are reviewed. Individual, family, and community factors influencing child risk and resiliency are then considered, as well as evidence-based treatment interventions, strategies for preventing physical abuse in childhood, and recommended best practices for clinicians. 90 references.

Title: Sexual Abuse in Childhood: The Abused Child. (Chapter 13 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Spitalnick, Josh S.;Younge, Sinead N.;Sales, Jessica M.;Diclemente, Ralph J.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The prevalence of the sexual abuse of children is discussed and findings from biological and genetic child sexual abuse research are shared. Individual, family, and community factors influencing child risk and resiliency are then considered, as well as evidence-based treatment interventions, psychopharmacology for treating posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, strategies for preventing sexual abuse in childhood, and recommended best practices for clinicians. Numerous references.

Title: Kids' Share 2008: How Children Fare in the Federal Budget. Key Facts.
Author(s): Carasso, Adam.;Steuerle, C. Eugene.;Reynolds, Gillian.;Vericker, Tracy.;Macomber, Jennifer.
Published: 2008
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411700_kids_share_08_facts.pdf
Abstract: Key Facts: Kids' Share 2008 summarizes findings from the Kids' Share 2008 report, which looks comprehensively at trends in federal spending and tax expenditures on children. Key findings suggest that historically children have not been a budget priority. In 2007, this trend continued, as children's spending did not keep pace with GDP growth. Absent a policy change, children's spending will continue to be squeezed in the next decade. (Author abstract)

Title: Blueprint for Creating a Social-Work Centered Disaster Relief Initiative.
Author(s): Bliss, Donna Leigh.;Meehan, Julie.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Social Service Research
v. 34, 3, 2008, p. 73-85
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The damage to New Orleans and the Gulf Coast caused by Hurrican Katrina and the resulting need for comprehensive and sustained assistance to affected communities and families revealed limitations in coventional disaster responses. A blueprint for creating a disaster relief initiative was developed by a school of social work and a local human service organization.This, then, became the impetus for creating a three-stage, family focused, extended disaster relief initiative. Using ecological theory and service-learning as frameworks, the initiative helped address the needs of families who moved to Athens, Georgia in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The responsive, adaptable, and sustainable nature of this model in addressing both immediate and long-term needs of the families is presented. Process evaluation and data on the helpfulness of the model by stakeholders who participated in the project are also provided. Implications are directed to social workers, educators, helping professionals, and policymakers who respond to such disasters. (Author abstract)

Title: Impact of Natural Disasters: Implications for Human and Social Services.
Author(s): Williams, Sheara A.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Social Service Research
v. 34, 3, 2008, p. 1-98
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This special issue is dedicated to advancing the social work knowledge base on human needs, effective and relevant intervention strategies, and research in the context of natural disasters. Following an introduction, articles discuss: an evidence based model of disaster interventions for mental health professionals and key practice implications; a longitudinal case study on the effectiveness of case management with displaced Hurricane Katrina survivors in a host community; the major roles taken on by faith-based organizations in providing services to victims of Hurricane Katrina based on a survey of 157 churches; the challenges of and strategies employed by 67 displaced individuals to meet food needs following Hurricane Katrina; the findings of a study that examined the disaster-related volunteerism of BSW and MSW students at four different universities located in communities affected by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita; the processes which were developed and implemented for a social-work centered, disaster relief initiative in response to the needs of individuals displaced by Hurricane Katrina; and findings from a study of survivor coping strategies among victims of the 2004 tsunami in Tamil Nadu, South India. Numerous references.

Title: Funneling Child Welfare Consumers into and through the Mental Health System: Assessment, Referral, and Quality Issues.
Author(s): Fedoravicius, Nicole.;McMillen, J. Curtis.;Rowe, Jill E.;Kagotho, Njeri.;Ware, Norma C.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Social Service Review
v. 82, 2, June 2008, p. 273-290
Available from: University of Chicago Press, Journals Division
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/SSR
PO Box 37005
Chicago, IL 60637
Abstract: This qualitative study explores how consumers of child welfare services reach nonpsychiatric mental health providers and the perceived quality of these services. It relies on iterative interviews with individuals and groups, as well as on court observations from one metropolitan area. Results suggest that, consistent with theories of street-level bureaucracy, efficiency issues drive mental health service use, as clients are routinely subjected to psychological evaluations and funneled into mental health services as a matter of course. Referral practices are shaped by child welfare professionals' routines, discretion, and desire to meet such system objectives as providing short turnaround times for reports. The results suggest that, despite stakeholders' best intentions, maltreated children are not benefiting from thoughtful processes geared to screen for, assess, and provide targeted treatment for unmet mental health needs. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Substance Abuse Treatment Professionals.
Published: 2008
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/substanceabuse.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/substanceabuse.pdf
Abstract: Designed for substance abuse treatment professionals, this fact sheet reviews the purpose and process of the federally mandated Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs) conducted by the Children's Bureau. It explains the CFSRs are intended to help States improve safety, permanency, and well-being outcomes for children and families who receive services through the child welfare system, and that because substance use disorders are identified so often as a major factor in child welfare cases, opportunities for substance abuse treatment professionals to participate in the CFSRs are a crucial part of the process. The steps of the CFSR are described, as well as the role of substance abuse treatment professionals. Results from the first round of CFSRs are also shared and indicate a lack of sufficient substance abuse treatment services for both parents and children in many States. Strategies States are using to address substance abuse issues are also discussed.

Title: Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.
Author(s): Gullotta, Thomas P.;Blau, Gary M.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: Intended for clinicians working with families, this book examines factors associated with families in distress, as well as factors that promote healthy coping skills and resilience. The first five chapters explore what family means today, what functions family serves, circumstances that can make family life challenging or painful, and how prevention and treatment approaches can help. Specific chapters discuss: how theory influences treatment and prevention practice with the family; childhood growth and development within a family context; the history of the family movement in children's mental health, the evidence base for family involvement in child and adolescent mental health service delivery, and strategies families and practitioners can implement to develop meaningful partnerships; cultural influences on child development during the middle years; and public health principles and approaches to systems interventions to support children's emotional and behavioral health. The following eight chapters focus on potentially distressing events, including adoption, divorce, stepfamilies, lesbian and gay families, foster care, parents with mental illnesses, physical abuse, and sexual abuse. Each chapter discusses the emotional and behavioral risks involved for a child in each situation, individual, family, and community factors affecting risk and resiliency, evidence-based treatment interventions, psychopharmacology recommendations, prevention strategies, and recommended best practices. Numerous references.

Title: 5 Ideas for Children Five Years and Younger.
Author(s): Stedron, Jennifer.;Clothier, Steffanie.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Conference of State Legislatures
http://www.ncsl.org
444 North Capitol Street, N.W., Suite 515
Washington, DC 20001
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsl.org/print/cyf/fiveideasforchildren.pdf
Abstract: This publication outlines five policy ideas to build the foundation for learning in young children using state examples to illustrate what can be done.

Title: An Online Reporting System for Evaluating Multi-Site Parenting Education Programs.
Author(s): Peters, Cheryl L.;Bowman, Sally.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of extension [electronic journal]
v. 46, 3, June 2008,
Available from: Journal of Extension
http://www.joe.org
Document available online at: http://www.joe.org/joe/2008june/tt2.shtml
Abstract: Experience from developing and implementing an online reporting system to evaluate parent education programs in rural communities is described. The information we collect from multi-site project coordinators has fostered ownership of the program data and promoted accountability in evaluation outcomes. Coordinators report on parent experiences from surveys and write narratives to characterize their organization's community partnerships on a quarterly basis. Community collaborations and capacity building activities of 18 unique parent education programs are captured in a standardized way. Five important tips are shared for others interested in developing and implementing online reporting systems for evaluation purposes. (Author abstract)

Title: Special Health Care Needs Among Children in the Child Welfare System.
Author(s): Ringeisen, Heather.;Casanueva, Cecilia.;Urato, Mathew.;Cross, Theodore.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Pediatrics
v. 122, 1, July 2008, p. e232-e241
Available from: American Academy of Pediatrics
http://www.aap.org
141 Northwest Point Boulevard
Elk Grove, IL 60007-1098
Document available online at: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/122/1/e232
Printable version (PDF): http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/122/1/e232
Abstract: OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to determine levels of special health care need among children in the child welfare system and how these needs may affect children's functioning. METHODS. Data were from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being, a national probability study of children investigated for child maltreatment. The sample consisted of 5496 children aged 0 to 15 years at baseline. For analysis, we used descriptive statistics to determine special health care needs and children's functioning from baseline to 3-year follow-up. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of special health care needs. RESULTS. At any point in the study period, approximately one third of the children were identified as having special health care needs. Overall, across 3 years of follow-up data, 50.3% of the children were identified as having special health care needs. Boys were significantly more likely than girls to have had special health care needs, and children aged 0 to 2 years at baseline were significantly less likely to have had special health care needs than older children. Adopted and foster children were significantly more likely to have had special health care needs than children never placed out of the home. The most commonly reported type of chronic health condition was asthma. The most commonly reported type of special need was a learning disability. CONCLUSIONS. Special health care needs are prevalent among children in the child welfare system. Many children with special health care needs have cognitive, language, adaptive, social, or behavioral functional impairments. Mechanisms are needed to ensure that this vulnerable population has access to and receives coordinated health and related social services. (Author abstract)

Title: Fact Sheet Two: Without Family Permanence, Young People Face Difficult Futures.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Convenings on Youth Permanence
http://www.youthpermanence.org/
Printable version (PDF): http://www.youthpermanence.org/_pdf/news/factsheet2_final.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet stresses the need for young people to have family permanency before they age out of foster care and provides statistics on the number of adolescents in foster care, notes the disproportionate number of minority youth in foster care, and identifies the challenges foster youth face.

Title: FY07 Performance Report Summaries [CBCAP].
Published: 2008
Available from: FRIENDS National Resource Center For Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention
http://www.friendsnrc.org
Chapel Hill Training Outreach Project
800 Eastowne Drive
Suite 105
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Document available online at: http://www.friendsnrc.org/resources/07sum.htm
Abstract: This website provides links to performance summaries based on reports submitted by States in December of 2007 that describe activities funded from Federal Fiscal Year 2006 Community Based Child Abuse Prevention grant awards. For each State, information is provided on the networks provided with the grants, activities of funded programs, emphasis on new areas, evaluation results of the programs, families served, peer review information, parent leadership, innovative funding mechanisms, and links with other programs.

Title: Child Welfare Finance Reform Principles.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/23656A27-116F-40C6-957E-6996A6CF6ED1/659/WhitePaper_ChildWelfareFinance_FR.pdf
Abstract: Five key principles to help guide state and federal policy makers in their decisions about how best to finance America's child welfare systems. (Author abstract)

Title: Improving Outcomes for Older Youth in Foster Care.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/983E5E8D-DE21-49A5-BC42-3C137D757FDE/658/WhitePaper_ImprovingOutcomesOlderYouth_FR.pdf
Abstract: Historically, federal policies to address the needs of older youth in care have focused on providing services and supports to help youth transition from foster care to independent living. Two questions emerge: 1. Are these policies the right policies? 2. Are they meeting the needs of youth in foster care? In order to address these questions, this white paper begins by suggesting a redefinition of this population and a discussion of the desired outcomes for them. It then provides a snapshot of the outcomes for youth who do, in fact, age out of foster care, followed by a brief description of current federal and state policies designed to meet their needs. The paper concludes with recommendations for federal policies to improve the outcomes of older youth who are in care or transitioning out of care. (Author abstract)

Title: Kinship Care.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/FF7D0670-0EC8-4F2C-BDE9-B3DE1CA9A3A8/660/WhitePaper_KinshipCare_FR.pdf
Abstract: This white paper explores how kinship care may be used as a strategy for (1) preventing children from entering the formal foster care system, (2) reducing the number of children already in the foster care system, and (3) achieving permanency outcomes for a greater number of children. The paper first looks at what kinship care is and explores the current composition of kinship care in the United States. We then explore research findings on kinship care, identifying both the positive outcomes associated with kinship care as well as areas in which research has raised concerns. Next, we look at current federal and state programs, policies, legislation, and services available to kinship caregivers and kinship families. Finally, based on the issues discussed, we provide policy recommendations to provide and improve kinship care as a reduction and permanency strategy. (Author abstract)

Title: Using Local Data to Explore the Experiences and Needs of Children of Incarcerated Parents.
Author(s): Brazzell, Diana.
Published: 2008
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Document available online at: http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=411698
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411698_incarcerated_parents.pdf
Abstract: The Urban Institute partnered with local research organizations in three sites to learn more about children of incarcerated parents through the merging and analysis of local and state level criminal justice and human services data. The purpose of the project was to better understand the experiences and needs of children of incarcerated parents in each locality and to explore the involvement of affected families with the criminal justice, child welfare, and social welfare systems. This report presents findings from the sites and lessons learned regarding the merging and analysis of administrative data on this population. It begins with a discussion of the datasets obtained by each site and how they were linked, followed by a review of the analyses conducted and the sites' findings on children of incarcerated parents in their jurisdictions. The report closes with a discussion of the possibilities and challenges involved in merging and analyzing administrative data on this population. (Author abstract)

Title: Kids' Share 2008: How Children Fare in the Federal Budget.
Author(s): Carasso, Adam.;Steuerle, C. Eugene.;Reynolds, Gillian.;Vericker, Tracy.;Macomber, Jennifer.
Published: 2008
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411699_kids_share_08_report.pdf
Abstract: Kids' Share 2008, a second annual report, looks comprehensively at trends in federal spending and tax expenditures on children. Key findings suggest that historically children have not been a budget priority. In 2007, this trend continued, as children's spending did not keep pace with GDP growth. Absent a policy change, children's spending will continue to be squeezed in the next decade. (Author abstract)

Title: Seizing the Moment: State Governments and the New Commitment to Reduce Poverty in America.
Author(s): Levin-Epstein, Jodie.;Gorzelany, Kristen Michelle.
Published: 2008
Available from: Annie E Casey Foundation
http://www.aecf.org/
701 St. Paul St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aecf.org/~/media/Pubs/Topics/Economic%20Security/Family%20Economic%20Supports/SeizingtheMomentStateGovernmentsandtheNewComm/Seizing%20the%20Moment.pdf
Abstract: This report highlights national, state, and local efforts to address poverty. The authors identify which states have raised the political profile of fighting poverty and the challenges faced by those who struggle to make ends meet; also included are summaries of formal policy recommendations released by four states. (Author abstract)

Title: Racial Disproportionality in Washington State: Second Edition Committee Report to DSHS Secretary Robin Arnold-Williams pursuant to SHB 1472, Chapter 465, Laws of 2007.
Published: 2008
Available from: Washington State Department of Social and Health Services
http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/
DSHS Constituent Services
PO Box 45130
Olympia, WA 98504-5130
Document available online at: http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/CA/pubs/disproportionReport.asp
Printable version (PDF): http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/pdf/ca/RaceDisproReport.pdf
Abstract: In 2007, the Washington State Legislature passed, and Governor Chris Gregoire signed into law, a bill requiring the state to produce a study on racial disproportionality and a remediation plan for reducing it. On Wednesday, June 25, 2008 the statewide Advisory Committee on Racial Disproportionality presented to DSHS Secretary Robin Arnold-Williams its report on Racial Disproportionality in Washington's Child Welfare System. The report finds that Native American, Black and Hispanic children are over-represented in the child welfare system compared with White children, and that the disproportionality exists statewide. Hispanic children are referred to the system more frequently than white children, but disproportionality ends there. (Author abstract)

Title: Ensuring Sustainability for Drug Courts: An Overview of Funding Strategies.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Drug Court Institute
901 N. Pitt St., Suite 370
Alexandria, VA 22314
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ndci.org/publications/sustainability_web.pdf
Abstract: The National Drug Court Institute (NDCI) has developed this publication to assist courts in creating a sustainability plan that moves past initial implementation into long-term viability. NDCI sent out a call to the field, inviting drug courts from around the country to submit their sustainability strategies. The response was overwhelming, and in this publication NDCI presents these examples of creative sustainability strategies developed by drug courts around the country. This publication focuses primarily on the monetary aspect of sustainability, and to a lesser extent addresses the need for capacity building, educational efforts, and leadership development. However, it cannot be emphasized enough that sustainability means more than money. In this publication we present both state and local sustainability strategies that offer avenues to sustain the ongoing operation and continued development of drug courts. We hope this publication will generate new efforts to ensure that the long-term viability of local drug courts as effective interventions that not only statistically outperform traditional punitive rehabilitation, but also meaningfully impact people and communities around the world. (Author abstract)

Title: Childhood Risks Associated with Adoption. (Chapter 6 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Arcus, Doreen.;Chambers, Patrick.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The prevalence and demographics of adopted children are discussed, and major theoretical perspectives on risk and resiliency among children who are adopted are explored. Individual, family, and community factors influencing risk and resiliency are considered, as well as evidence-based treatments and interventions, psychopharmacology recommendations, prevention strategies to minimize the problems associated with adoption and to enhance functioning, and recommended best practices for clinicians. 1 figure and 97 references.

Title: IV-E Waiver Demonstration Evaluation Semi-Annual Progress Report 3 SFY07-08.
Author(s): Vargo, Amy C.;Armstrong, Mary I.;Sowell, Cathy.;Jordan, Neil.;King-Miller, Tara.;Sharrock, Patty.;Yampolskaya, Svetlana.
Published: 2008
Available from: Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute
http://www.fmhi.usf.edu
University of South Florida
13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd.
Tampa, FL 33612-3809
Printable version (PDF): http://cfs.fmhi.usf.edu/resources/publications/IV-E%20Report%203-28-08.pdf
Abstract: Florida's IV-E Waiver was implemented in October 2006 through changes in state contracts with the Community-Based Care lead agencies. The purpose of the IV-E Waiver Evaluation is to determine the effectiveness of expanded child welfare services and supports in improving permanency and safety outcomes for children in or at risk of entering out-of-home placement. This report includes data gathered from 20 lead agencies serving all 67 counties. The period covered for this report includes State Fiscal Year (SFY) 2006-2007. The evaluation design and outcome variables were selected for the purpose of examining these aspects of Florida's child welfare system. (Author abstract)

Title: Young Adults With Serious Mental Illness: Some States and Federal Agencies Are Taking Steps to Address Their Transition Challenges.
Published: 2008
Available from: Government Accountability Office
http://www.gao.gov/
441 G St., NW
Washington, DC 20548
Printable version (PDF): http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d08678.pdf
Abstract: The transition to adulthood can be difficult for young adults who suffer from a serious mental illness, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. When these individuals are unsuccessful, the result can be economic hardship, social isolation, and in some cases suicide, all of which can pose substantial costs to society. Due to concerns about young adults with serious mental illness transitioning into adulthood, GAO was asked to provide information on (1) the number of these young adults and their demographic characteristics, (2) the challenges they face, (3) how selected states assist them, and (4) how the federal government supports states in serving these young adults and coordinates programs that can assist them. To do this work, GAO analyzed data based on national surveys, including the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), and administrative data from the Social Security Administration (SSA). GAO also reviewed published research; interviewed federal, state, and local officials, as well as mental health providers, experts, and advocacy groups; and conducted site visits in Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, and Mississippi -- four states that focus on this population. GAO did not make any recommendations. HHS made comments intended to clarify the report and we made changes as appropriate. (Author abstract)

Title: Data Appendix to Kids' Share 2008.
Author(s): Reynolds, Gillian.;Bell, Elizabeth.;Clark, Rebecca.;King, Rosalind Berkowitz.;Spiro, Chris.;Steuerle, C. Eugene.;Carasso, Adam.
Published: 2008
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411704_kids_share_08_app.pdf
Abstract: Kids' Share 2008, a second annual report, looks comprehensively at trends in federal spending and tax expenditures on children. This appendix details our data sources, the programs we include, and the methodology used to estimate the percentage of all expenditures that went to children. (Author abstract)

Title: A Comprehensive Model for Child Welfare Training Evaluation.
Author(s): Antle, Becky F.;Barbee, Anita P.;van Zyl, Michiel A.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and Youth Services Review
v. 30, 9, September 2008, p. 1063-1080
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to develop and test a comprehensive theoretical model for child welfare training evaluation. Drawing upon the theoretical work in training evaluation as well as empirical research in child welfare, this study proposed a model of training evaluation that included individual and organizational predictors of outcomes; training satisfaction, learning and transfer; as well as federally mandated organizational outcomes of safety, permanency, and well-being. The model was tested through an experimental-control group pre- and multiple-post test design with 72 supervisors and 331 case workers in public child welfare. Supervisors and workers in the experimental group participated in a five-day training on skills for effective casework practice and federally mandated outcomes for child welfare. Subjects completed a number of standardized scales to measure the constructs in the model pre-training, immediately post-training, and two months post-training. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicate that individual learning readiness, supervisor support of learning, and knowledge gain are predictive of training transfer. Recommendations are provided to enhance the effectiveness of child welfare training delivery systems. (Author abstract)

Title: Guarding Adoption while Subsidizing Guardianship.
Author(s): Atwood, Thomas.;Zappala, Marc.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Adoption Advocate
5, February 2008,
Available from: National Council for Adoption
http://www.adoptioncouncil.org/
225 N. Washington Street
Alexandria, VA 22314-2561
Printable version (PDF): http://www.adoptioncouncil.org/documents/FINAL--SGAdoptionAdvocateVol5.pdf
Abstract: This paper discusses how federally subsidized guardianship can be a positive reform to the foster care financing system and can be achieved without undermining children's interests in adoption. It defines legal guardianship under federal statute, describes congressional proposals for subsidized guardianship, and addresses the limitations of guardianship. The need to protect a child's interest in achieving permanency through adoption is stressed, and examples of cases in which guardianship should be considered are given. The following four criteria are then identified that should be met before the consideration of subsidized guardianship: the child has been removed from his or her home and the State child welfare agency is responsible for the child's placement and well-being; the State agency has responsibility for the child's placement and well-being; a court has explicitly ruled that neither reunification with the child's original family nor adoption are appropriate permanency options for the child; and a strong attachment already exists between the child and a potential legal guardian who is willing and able to care permanently for the child. 6 references.

Title: 2008 State Fact Sheets [Website] / Child Welfare League of America.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Document available online at: http://www.cwla.org/advocacy/statefactsheets/statefactsheets08.htm
Abstract: The State Fact Sheets provide descriptive information on the condition of vulnerable children in all fifty states and the District of Columbia, using indicators of child protection, health, child care, education, and income support. (Author abstract)

Title: Every Child Matters? A Critical Review of Child Welfare Reforms in the Context of Minority Ethnic Children and Families.
Author(s): Chand, Ashok.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Abuse Review
v. 17, 1, January-February 2008, p. 6-22
Available from: Wiley Interscience.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: This paper critically reviews some key government papers that together largely provide the foundation for the relevant child welfare reforms in England and Wales. The context of this review was to evaluate whether these papers and documents made sufficient reference to improving policies and practices for minority ethnic children and families involved in child welfare matters, given the research evidence from the early 1990s suggesting that such families may experience particular disadvantages or discriminations within the UK child welfare system. The research evidence cited draws upon studies that have considered the experiences of different minority ethnic groups from the point of referrals through to long term services, including those children who have been looked after in local authority care and those families that have been subject to care proceedings. This paper concludes that more is needed under the Every Child Matters agenda to both acknowledge and address the specific needs of minority ethnic children and their families, as identified in the range of studies published post Children Act 1989. (Author abstract)

Title: Painting the Current Picture : A National Report Card on Drug Courts and Other Problem Solving Court Programs in the United States. Volume II, Number 1.
Author(s): Huddleston, C. West.;Marlowe, Douglas B.;Casebolt, Rachel.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Association of Drug Court Professionals
http://www.nadcp.org
4900 Seminary Rd, Suite 320
Alexandria, VA 22311
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ndci.org/publications/PCPII1_web.pdf
Abstract: Published annually, this report provides an update of drug court and other problem solving court activity in every state, territory, and district in the United States since the release of the inaugural issue of Painting the Current Picture: A National Report Card on Drug Courts and Other Problem Solving Court Programs in the United States in May 2004. Volume I, Number 2 provides summary results from the 2004 National Survey on Drug Courts and Other Problem Solving Courts, conducted by the National Drug Court Institute (NDCI) in the last half of 2004 and ending on December 31, 2004.

Volume II, Number 1 provides summary results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Courts and Other-Problem-Solving Courts, conducted by the National Drug Court Institute ending on December 31, 2005. Aggregate numbers of drug courts and other problem-solving courts come from a follow-up survey conducted by the National Drug Court Institute ending on December 31, 2007. (Author abstract)

Title: Trends in US Army Child Maltreatment Reports: 1990-2004.
Author(s): McCarroll, James E.;Fan, Zizhong.;Newby, John H.;Ursano, Robert J.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Abuse Review
v. 17, 1, March-April 2008, p. 108-118
Available from: Wiley Interscience.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: We present the victim rates and severity of child maltreatment in US Army families by the sex of the child and parent from 1990-2004. Neglect rates decreased from a high point in 1991 to a low in 2000, but by 2004 the rates had increased to about the 1991 level. During two large-scale deployments of the US Army to the Middle East (1991 and 2002-2004), the rates of neglect increased. Neglect rates were highest for the youngest children and decreased as age increased. Physical abuse rates decreased from 1990-2004, but the decline was slowed during 2001-04. Physical abuse was more severe by male offenders. Emotional abuse showed wide fluctuations in rates. Emotional abuse rates were similar for boys and girls up to age 11, but the rates for older girls were higher. Sexual abuse had the lowest rates throughout the time of this report, decreasing from about 0.5/1000 to about 0.1/1000. The rates of physical abuse and neglect were generally higher for boys than for girls up to the teenage years when the rates reversed. Male offenders were more likely to maltreat children (even excluding sexual abuse) than were female offenders and offenders of both sexes were more likely to abuse male children. We provide suggestions for practice, prevention and research in child maltreatment. (Author abstract)

Title: Increasing State Investments in Early Care and Education: Lessons Learned from Advocates and Best Practices.
Published: 2008
Available from: Voices for America's Children
http://www.voicesforamericaschildren.org
1000 Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aecf.org/~/media/Pubs/Topics/Education/Early%20Childhood%20and%20School%20Readiness/IncreasingStateInvestmentsinEarlyCareandEduca/ECE%20Report.pdf
Abstract: This report profiles efforts in 10 states to increase investments in early childhood. These states -- Alabama, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming -- differ widely in size, political dynamics, budget resources, and in demographics of the under-five population. Despite the range in circumstances and experiences, some key common threads existed in the advocacy strategies applied, and these proven strategies for success are detailed in this report. (Author abstract)

Title: Enhancing the Service Array in Child Welfare [Teleconference].
Author(s): Preister, Steve.;Swisher, Melanie.;Hage, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement.
http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/
Muskie School-USM
P.O. Box 15010
400 Congress Street
Portland, ME 04112-5010
Document available online at: http://tatis.muskie.usm.maine.edu/pubs/pubdetailWtemp.asp?PUB_ID=T061708
Abstract: Is your agency challenged by a lack of adequate services to meet needs? This teleconference highlights a process agencies can use to bring together a broad group of stakeholders to assess and enhance the array of services available to children, youth and families. Presenters describe the steps in the process designed to build the capacity of systems at the local, regional and state level to meet individualized needs and achieve improved outcomes. The service array process has recently been revised and updated. This call highlights the technical assistance services available to agencies in this process and the experiences of agencies engaged in it. (Author abstract)

Title: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families and Their Children. (Chapter 9 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Arcus, Doreen.;Chambers, Patrick.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: An overview of some of the issues associated with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)-headed families is provided, and biological and genetic factors influencing homosexuality are discussed. Individual, family, and community factors influencing the risk and resiliency of children in LGBT families are then considered, as well as evidence-based treatment interventions for LGBT families, prevention of stigma and discrimination in LGBT families, and recommended best practices for clinicians. 1 figure and 97 references.

Title: Children in Foster Care: Prevention and Treatment of Mental Health Problems. (Chapter 10 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Plant, Robert W.;Siegel, Lesley.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The prevalence of mental health problems in children entering foster care is discussed and biological and genetic factors that impact their mental health are reviewed. Individual, family, and community factors influencing risk and resiliency are then considered, as well as evidence-based treatment interventions, psychopharmacology recommendations, strategies for preventing the mental health problems of children in foster care, and recommended best practices for clinicians. 1 figure and 70 references.

Title: Children and the 111th Congress: Context, Challenges, and Opportunities For a New Future.
Author(s): Bruner, Charles.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child and Family Policy Center
http://www.cfpciowa.org
218 6th Avenue
Suite 1021
Des Moines, IA 50309
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cfpciowa.org/uploaded/Children_and_the_111th_Congress_June2008.pdf
Abstract: When a new President takes office and the 111th Congress convenes, children's issues could take on new prominence or be relegated to the background. This CFPC paper outlines five challenges that must be addressed if children are to receive the attention they deserve in federal budgeting and policy making: (1) the aging of society and trends in the demand for public funding; (2) the growing diversity of the child population; (3) federal budget issues, expiring tax cuts, and PAYGO rules; (4) current recognized gaps in investments in young children; and (5) the absence of a clearly articulated investment agenda for children. (Author abstract)

Title: Sexual Violence in Disasters: A Planning Guide for Prevention and Response.
Author(s): Klein, Alisa.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Sexual Violence Resource Center
http://www.nsvrc.org
123 North Enola Dr.
Enola, PA 17025
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nsvrc.org/_cms/fileUpload/NSVRCPUB_SV_Disaster_web.pdf
Abstract: This guide offers readers important information about sexual violence and disasters that will help communities to understand the connection and develop better disaster responses. It presents a range of recommendations from suggesting small changes to developing comprehensive plans, making preparations, and coordinating far-reaching policy change. The guide is arranged according to phases of a disaster, and the color-coded phases offer a multitude of things to consider. The Getting Started work sheets in the back have been designed to facilitate the process of disaster planning. (Author abstract)

Title: Evaluating Child Welfare Training in Public Agencies: Status and Prospects.
Author(s): Collins, Mary Elizabeth.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Evaluation and Program Planning
v. 21, 3, p. 241-246
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: Although staff training in public welfare agencies os thought to be a critical component of effective practice, little is known about the delivery and effectiveness of training interventions. Few evaluations are published in the literature and it is uncertain how much evaluation activity is being conducted and utilized. This study collected data from 48 public child welfare agencies in the United States regarding the conduct of training evaluation and the utilization of training data. The data are discussed within the context of planning the next steps for the public agencies' efforts in training evaluation. (Author abstract)

Title: Raising Children: Emerging Needs, Modern Risks, and Social Responses.
Author(s): Berrick, Jill Duerr.;Gilbert, Neil.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This book explores the most troubling concerns of modern family life and raises question about the benefits and hazards of policy alternatives designed to alleviate these issues. Part 1 begins with a historical overview of the problems and issues of child rearing in American families. Chapter 1 traces the history of family policies in the United States and explores how the reliance on the family as the source of social life has created special anxieties about family stability. Chapter 2 examines the recent trends and social implications of government support for kinship care of children, and Chapter 3 looks at how fathers' positive relationships with children foster the children's well-being and what can be done to promote such relationships. Chapters 4 and 5 explore the form and substance of family-friendly measures to help balance work and child rearing over the life course of women in occupational positions ranging from high-powered professional careers to middle- and working-class jobs. Chapter 6 probes the complex realities of child support arrangements, and the fundamental conflict between the core purposes of child support. Part 2 of the text shifts the focus to the forces outside of family life that affect a child's physical, psychological, and educational well-being, particularly those emanating from medical and academic institutions and the State. Chapter 7 formulates an approach that emphasizes framing social policies in such a way that they are seen as strengthening rather than limiting parental authority in family life. The following chapter illuminates the myths and facts about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and discusses controversies surrounding medication and psychosocial treatments. Chapter 9 surveys the access to health care for immigrant children and children of the working poor, and Chapter 10 questions how well the health and mental health care of children are being met by school programs. The final chapter analyzes the impact of family characteristics on a child's educational achievement and suggests how school reforms can address the problem of low-performing students. Numerous references.

Title: Children of Parents with Mental Illness. (Chapter 11 in Family Influences on Childhood Behavior and Development: Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment Approaches.)
Author(s): Nicholson, Joanne.;Cooper, Janice.;Freed, Rachel.;Isaacs, Mareasa R. Isaacs.
Published: 2008
Available from: Routledge -- Taylor and Francis Group
http://www.routledge.com
7625 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Abstract: The risks faced by children living with parents with mental illness are explored, as well as the prevalence of parental mental illness and biological and genetic factors that impact the development of mental illnesses. Individual, family, and community factors influencing risk and resiliency are then considered, along with evidence-based treatment interventions, psychopharmacology recommendations, strategies for preventing psychopathology in children, and recommended best practices for clinicians. Numerous references.

Title: From Private to Public: Paying Grandparents as Caregivers. (Chapter 2 in Raising Children: Emerging Needs, Modern Risks, and Social Responses.)
Author(s): Berrick, Jill Duerr.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter examines four domains of social policy where kin care dominates: foster care, welfare, guardianship, and child care. Taking a critical perspective on current developments in these areas, it analyzes the limits and benefits of the shifts from private to public involvement. The final section raises questions about the appropriate role for government in supporting extended families. 1 table and 63 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Privatization of Child Welfare Services: Lessons Learned from Experienced States.
Author(s): Flaherty, Chris.;Collins-Camargo, Crystal.;Lee, Elizabeth.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Professional Development : The International Journal of Continuing Social Work Education.
v. 11, 1, Spring 2008, p. 6-18
Available from: Professional Development: The International Journal of Continuing Social Work Education
http://www.survey.utexas.edu/journal/
Survey of Organizational Excellence
The University of Texas at Austin
1925 San Jacinto Blvd.

Austin, TX 78712
Abstract: Recent emphasis on improving efficiency, service quality, and innovation in child welfare services has prompted some jurisdictions to explore privatization or expand it to a broader segment of the service array. This extension of public/private partnerships has created new challenges in establishing effective contractual arrangements and in developing optimal mechanisms for oversight and quality assurance. Lessons learned by public agency administrators, private providers, and community stakeholders are reported. Method: Seventy-nine participants from 12 states participated in multiple focus groups. Findings: Numerous shared themes emerged including the evolutionary nature of the public/private partnership, the necessity for high levels of open communication between partners to problem solve, the complexity of defining appropriate and measurable performance standards, and the complexity of establishing contract monitoring and quality assurance systems that strike the correct balance between government accountability and the opportunity within privatized systems to promote creativity and efficiency. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Courts.
Published: 2007
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/courtsfactsheet.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/courtsfactsheet.pdf
Abstract: Designed for court representatives, this fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs). It identifies the seven outcome and seven systemic factors measured by the CFSRs, and considers the key role of court representatives in ensuring that the child welfare agency is in compliance with both national and State child welfare standards. The expansion of the scope of the Court Improvement Plan to include implementation of a Program Improvement Plan, as necessary, in response to findings identified in a CFSR is also explained, as well as federal efforts to secure court involvement in the CFSR Statewide Assessment and onsite review processes. Finally, strategies for involving courts in the CFSR process are listed and examples of court involvement in the last round of CFSRs are provided.

Title: Shaping Work With Young People. (Chapter 5 in Managing Children's Homes: Developing Effective Leadership in Small Organisations.)
Author(s): Hicks, Leslie.;Gibbs, Ian.;Weatherly, Helen.;Byford, Sarah.
Published: 2007
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on a quantitative study of 45 children's homes in England, this chapter discusses findings from interviews with managers on factors that shape their work with young people. Findings indicate that managers must provide strong reference points for young people and direction for strategic working with them. They also act as role models for work with young people, act as advocates for them and for the home itself, and as general external representatives for the home. Managers also must be capable of shaping their teams and team members without treating them as objects, command loyalty, and bring about motivation and commitment.

Title: Investing in Children.
Author(s): Steuerle, C. Eugene.;Reynolds, Gillian.;Carasso, Adam.
Published: 2007
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Document available online at: http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=411539
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411539_investing_in_children.pdf
Abstract: We chart U.S. federal spending on investment in total and for children from 1965 to 2017. Five major categories can be considered -- some more so than others -- to be investment or to have investment components: education and research, work supports, social supports, physical capital, and defense investment. Relative to GDP or domestic spending, we found that total investment and investment in children -- under almost any definition -- fell over the 1965-2006 period, though with some recent rebounds. More important, projections of current policies show that overall government investment and especially investment in children are threatened to decline in relative and sometimes absolute importance, squeezed out mainly by faster, automatically growing programs that tend to favor consumption. These data raise the question of what relative priority the government should place on investment, and particularly investment in children. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Governors.
Published: 2007
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/governorsfactsheet.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/governorsfactsheet.pdf
Abstract: Designed for governors, this fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs). It identifies the seven outcome and seven systemic factors measured by the CFSRs, and ways the reviews can provide a valuable source of specific information for Governors. Finally, strategies governors can implement support the CFSRs are listed.

Title: Educational Outcomes for Children and Youth in Foster and Out-of-Home Care. Fact Sheet.
Published: 2007
Available from: Legal Center for Foster Care and Education
http://www.abanet.org/child/education/home.shtml
American Bar Association, Center on Children and the Law
740 15th Street, NW.
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.abanet.org/child/education/National%5fEdFactSheet%5f2008.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet draws on national and State data on foster children to provide statistics on the educational outcomes of children in care. Data is given on: the demographics of children in foster care; school mobility rates, including the negative effects of mobility, suspension and expulsion rates, and enrollment rates; academic outcomes and grade retention; the number of foster youth receiving special education services and advocacy services provided to them; mental, behavioral, and emotional problems; high school completion rates and factors contributing to dropping out; postsecondary preparation, entrance, and completion; social and economic issues; supportive factors that help youth achieve academically, including receiving foster care services beyond age 18, social support, and existence of educational advocates; and the impact of early childhood intervention services. 76 references.

Title: List of NSCAW-Related Publications as of April 3, 2007.
Author(s): Wallace, Ina.;Nahm, Ellen.;Luba, Aarom.;Cross, Theodore.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect
http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/NDACAN/AboutNDACAN.html
Beebe Hall - FLDC
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/NDACAN/Datasets/Related_Docs/NSCAW_Publications_2007-04-03.pdf
Abstract: This document includes all published articles that use data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), a project sponsored by the Administration on Children, Youth and Families in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (Author abstract)

Title: Children of HIV-Infected Parents: Custody Status in a Nationally Representative Sample.
Author(s): Cowgill, Burton O.;Beckett, Megan K.;Corona, Rosalie.;Elliott, Marc N.;Zhou, Annie J.;Schuster, Mark A.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Pediatrics
v. 120, 3, September 2007, p. e494-e503
Available from: American Academy of Pediatrics
http://www.aap.org
141 Northwest Point Boulevard
Elk Grove, IL 60007-1098
Document available online at: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/120/3/e494
Printable version (PDF): http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/120/3/e494
Abstract: OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this work was to determine the rates and predictors of custody status for children of HIV-infected parents. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS. Data came from interviews of 538 parents with 1017 children (0-17 years old) from a nationally representative sample of HIV-infected adults receiving health care in the United States. Outcomes were collected at 2 survey waves and included child custody status and who, other than the HIV-infected parent, had custody of the child. Child custody status was categorized as (1) in custody of HIV-infected parent at both survey waves, (2) infected parent had custody at first survey wave but not second survey wave, (3) not in custody of infected parent at either survey wave, and (4) infected parent gained custody between survey waves. Potential custodians included (1) other biological parent, (2) state, foster, or adoptive parent, (3) grandparent, and (4) relative, friend, nonbiological parent, or other. Multinomial logistic regression modeled both outcomes. RESULTS. Forty-seven percent of the children were in the custody of their HIV-infected parent at both survey waves, 4% were in the parent's custody at the first but not second survey wave, 42% were not in custody at either survey wave, and the parent of 7% gained custody between survey waves. Parents cited drug use (62%) and financial hardship (27%) as reasons for losing custody. Children of HIV-infected fathers, older parents, parents living without other adults, parents with low CD4 counts, drug-using parents, and parents with ≥1 hospital stay were less likely to be in their parent's custody at either survey wave. CONCLUSIONS. More than half of the children were not in custody of their HIV-infected parent at some time during the study period. Pediatricians and others taking care of children with HIV-infected parents may be able to offer counseling or referrals to assist parents with child custody issues. (Author abstract)

Title: Managing Children's Homes: Developing Effective Leadership in Small Organisations.
Author(s): Hicks, Leslie.;Gibbs, Ian.;Weatherly, Helen.;Byford, Sarah.
Published: 2007
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This text provides an interdisciplinary explanation of how to establish and maintain good practice and ensure positive outcomes for young people living in children's homes in England. An introductory chapter discusses the number of children living in community homes, challenges faced by residential care facilities, and the methodology used for a quantitative study of 45 homes. The book then explains the considerable variation in quality achieved by children's homes and how this related to leadership and management style, working environment, and staff structures. The skills and qualities that make effective managers of homes are explored, and factors such as the provision and allocation of resources and maintaining and influencing a staff team are investigated. Finally, the book considers how to develop a successful children's home environment and longer-term achievement for young people living in residential care. Numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Organizational Self-Assessment for Cultural and Linguistic Competence.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Child Traumatic Stress Network
http://www.nctsnet.org/
University of California, Los Angeles
11150 W. Olympic Blvd.
Suite 650
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/Organizational_Competence_Brief.pdf
Abstract: This brief provides an overview of organizational cultural and linguistic competence, organizational assessment, and resources. It begins by explaining criteria for organizations that are culturally and linguistically competent, and then provides information on legal mandates that support linguistic competence and guiding principles for organizational self-assessment. Resources for additional information on organizational self-assessment and strategies for facilitating cultural and linguistic competence are listed, along with steps for moving forward towards cultural and linguistic competence. 6 references.

Title: Nonprofit Sector: Increasing Numbers and Key Role in Delivering Federal Services: Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Oversight, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives.
Author(s): Czerwinski, Stanley J.
Published: 2007
Available from: Government Accountability Office
http://www.gao.gov/
441 G St., NW
Washington, DC 20548
Printable version (PDF): http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d071084t.pdf
Abstract: The nonprofit sector is an important means through which public services are delivered and national goals addressed. The federal government increasingly relies on networks, often involving nonprofits that address many issues -- health care, education, and human services, for example. Because nonprofit organizations play a key role as partners with the federal government, there is a need to better understand the sector. This testimony (1) provides a picture of the nonprofit sector -- its size, composition, and role in the economy; (2) discusses how and why the federal government partners with the sector; and (3) identifies issues related to the sector as a federal partner that need to be better understood. GAO's preliminary work on this topic focused on the intersection of nonprofit organizations and the federal government, including trends, the use of federal funding, and emerging issues. GAO interviewed key experts from relevant associations and academia, reviewed related research, and hosted roundtable discussions with key researchers and practitioners in the nonprofit area. (Author abstract)

Title: The Chafee Educational and Training Voucher (ETV) Program: Six States' Experiences.
Author(s): Nixon, Robin.;Jones, Maria Garin.;Matthieu, Trisha.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Foster Care Coalition
http://www.nationalfostercare.org/
1776 I Street, NW, 9th Floor
Washington, DC 20006
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nationalfostercare.org/pdfs/chafee_etv_program_nfcc.pdf
Abstract: Nationwide, an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 young people "age out" of the foster care system every year without a family to support them. This publication examines how the Chafee educational and training vouchers and other state-based supports for higher education have been working for these young adults. The National Foster Care Coalition (NFCC) has worked closely with six states to examine the implementation of the Chafee ETV Program since its inception in 2003: California, Maine, Montana, New York, North Carolina, and Wyoming. These states were selected to provide a diverse view of ETV program implementation, including state- and county-administered child welfare programs, urban and rural programs, and programs serving either very large or very small populations of youth. This publication documents a select number of young people's experiences with the ETV program and also shares recommendations from constituents and other stakeholders on how to improve this unique and important postsecondary education and training program. In addition to a Chafee ETV Program overview and federal and state recommendations for strengthening implementation nationwide, this document includes six state sections which each feature: A state profile; An overview of the state Chafee Foster Care Independence Program; An overview of the state Chafee ETV Program; Challenges encountered; Noteworthy practices; and Positive outcomes. Three states also include feedback from young people (Montana, North Carolina, and Wyoming). (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/CFSR%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs), a review to assess States for substantial conformity with certain Federal requirements for child protective, foster care, adoption, family preservation and family support, and independent living services. The goal of the review is explained and includes helping States improve child welfare services and achieve key safety, permanency, and well-being outcomes for families and children who receive services. Finally, the review process is described.

Title: A Science-Based Framework for Early Childhood Policy: Using Evidence to Improve Outcomes in Learning, Behavior, and Health for Vulnerable Children.
Published: 2007
Available from: Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University
http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu/
50 Church Street, 4th Floor
Cambridge, MA 02138
Printable version (PDF): http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu/content/downloads/Policy_Framework.pdf
Abstract: This paper explores the impact of early experiences on the brain development of young children and describes the effectiveness of science-based interventions in improving outcomes in learning, behavior, and health. An introduction discusses the development of a science-based framework for early childhood policy initiatives and emphasizes the critical period of early childhood for brain development. The following section describes how the interactive influences of genes and experience shape the architecture of the developing brain and the negative impact of stress on brain development. The paper then draws on neuroscience and program evaluation research to highlight effectiveness factors for early childhood policies and programs. Challenges and policy implications are discussed in the following areas: helping children by strengthening their family environment; serving children in out-of-home environments; early care and education; multi-generational programs that combine support for vulnerable families with direct services for children; effectiveness factors that cut across all program models; family economics and maternal employment; and environmental contamination. 118 references.

Title: Evidence-based Practice in Child Welfare in the Context of Cultural Competence: Meeting Proceedings and Findings.
Author(s): Wells, Susan J.;Daniels Meredith.
Published: 2007
Available from: University of Minnesota, School of Social Work
http://cehd.umn.edu/ssw/
105 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Ave
St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/SSW/g-s/media/SummaryOfProceedings.pdf
Abstract: This report summarizes the presentations and proceedings of a conference in June 2007 that explored culturally competent evidence-based practice (EBP) in child welfare. Researchers, practitioners, agency administrators, legislators, policy analysts, and community representatives from different localities, States, and national organizations came together with the goal of spurring ongoing discussion and activities to integrate EBP and cultural competence in child welfare policy and practice. The first presentation discusses what is known about EBP in child welfare, research findings on effective practices, and key steps for integrating cultural competence into EBP. The following presentation focuses on EBP and cultural sensitivity. This presentation explores barriers to cultural dialogue, and using the Triadic Theory of Behavior Change to support culturally competent interventions and research on intervention outcomes. A model for implementing knowledge into practice is also profiled. A discussion on the implementation of culturally competent EBP and community response is summarized, followed by small group dialogues on implementation. The final section identifies key themes from a large group discussion of challenges and next steps for implementing culturally competent EBP. Numerous references.

Title: Guide for Creating Legislative Change: Disability in the Termination of Parental Rights and Other Child Custody Statutes.
Author(s): Lightfoot, Elizabeth.;LaLiberte, Traci.;Hill, K.
Published: 2007
Available from: Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare
http://ssw.che.umn.edu/cascw/
School of Social Work
205 Peters Hall
1404 Gortner Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108
Printable version (PDF): http://cehd.umn.edu/ssw/cascw/attributes/PDF/LegislativeChange.pdf
Abstract: The Disability and Parental Rights Legislative Change Project was initiated at the University of Minnesota as a collaborative project in the College of Education and Human Development between the School of Social Work and the Institute on Community Integration. The collaboration developed following the identification of discriminatory legislation within child custody and termination of parental rights statutes. The goal of the project is to assist interested groups in removing disability from these statutes to eliminate discrimination, with the ultimate goal of ensuring the safety, permanency and well-being of children. This guide provides an overview of the problem; key principles for protecting parents with disabilities; model statutory language and accompanying definitions; a legislative change strategy; practice suggestions for modifying services and providing parental accommodations; frequently asked questions and answers; and resources. (Author abstract)

Title: Cultural Diversity and Children Exposed to Family Violence: Issues in Adapting Interventions.
Author(s): McDonald, Renee.;Skopp, Nancy A.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 22, 3 & 4, 2007, p. 32-44
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Abstract: This article discusses the challenges of providing interventions that serve the needs of diverse cultural groups, conceptual considerations for adapting interventions for cultural compatibility, and recommendations for making culturally relevant adaptations to interventions for youth exposure to family violence. Recommendations address surface structure considerations and deep structure considerations. 2 figures and 32 references.

Title: Detoxifying the Child and Family Welfare System for Australian Indigenous Peoples: Self-determination, Rights and Culture as the Critical Tools.
Author(s): Bamblett, Muriel.;Lewis, Peter.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: First Peoples Child & Family Review
v. 3, 3, 2007, p. 43-56
Available from: First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada
http://www.fncfcs.com/
Suite 1001-75 Albert Street
Ottawa, ON
Printable version (PDF): http://www.fncfcs.com/pubs/vol3num3/Bamblett_Lewis_pp43.pdf
Abstract: Our approach in this paper is to provide an understanding of how the traditional circles of care for Indigenous children in Australia have been fractured historically by colonization and its ongoing impact through contemporary complex systems of disempowerment, disadvantage and cultural abuse. We describe how the lives of Indigenous children can be put back together by restoring Indigenous circles of care through the creation of a culturally competent children and family service system which is focused on prevention and early intervention rather than just child protection. (Author abstract)

Title: Fact Sheet 2: Special Issues During Pregnancy (p. B-9 -- B-14 of Screening and Assessment for Family Engagement, Retention and Recovery (SAFERR)).
Published: 2007
Available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Printable version (PDF): http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/prevline/pdfs/SMA07-4261.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet reviews federal efforts to monitor substance use among pregnant and recently pregnant women. It reports findings from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Surveillance Network (FASSNet) and State-Based FAS Prevention Program, screening during pregnancy using the 4P's Plus program, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), and the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) Study. Findings indicate: 4.6% of pregnant women aged 15 to 44 had used illicit drugs in the past month; Alcohol use was reported by 11.2% of pregnant women; cigarette use was reported by 18% of pregnant women; past month illicit drug and alcohol use was highest among teenagers; An estimated 8% to 11% of the 4.1 million live births (in 2004) involved prenatal exposure to illegal drugs; and Tobacco use by pregnant women exposes approximately one-quarter of babies with mothers younger than age 26. 5 tables and 10 references.

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Mental Health Professionals.
Published: 2007
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/mentalhealthfactsheet.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/mentalhealthfactsheet.pdf
Abstract: Intended for mental health professionals, this fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs). It identifies the seven outcome and seven systemic factors measured by the CFSRs, and discusses ways mental health representatives can participate in the CFSR process. Key areas in which the CFSRs assess State efforts to address the mental/behavioral health needs of children are outlined, and findings from the first round of CFSRs conducted from October 2000 to March 2004 are reported. Four States received a strength rating for addressing the mental/behavior health needs of children. Challenges the States faced in meeting the mental health needs of children in care are noted, and recommended actions are listed.

Title: Evacuation Form for DFPS Foster Parents, Kinship Caregivers and CPS Residential Contractors.
Published: 2007
Available from: Texas Department of Family and Protective Services
http://www.dfps.state.tx.us/
701 W. 51st Street
Austin, TX 78751
Document available online at: http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.aspx?sm=SglSjQBtzJLyq0fAbHwT9A_3d_3d
Abstract: DFPS Foster Parents should complete this web form providing their evacuation destination in an emergency.

Title: Children in Crisis: An Update on the Arkansas Child Welfare System.
Author(s): Ferguson, Jennifer.
Published: 2007
Available from: Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families
http://www.aradvocates.org/
Union Station, Suite 306
1400 West Markham

Little Rock, AR 72201
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aradvocates.org/_images/pdfs/AACF_DCFS_07update.pdf
Abstract: This report is the third annual update of the Arkansas Child Welfare System by Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families (AACF). It examines the Division of Children and Family Services' (DCFS) performance data from January 2000 through March 2007. The data shows that DCFS performed well on many of its indicators in the early 2000s, but began experiencing a significant decline in performance in 2004. This decline corresponded with a state-wide shortage of family service workers in 2004 with 23 percent of positions unfilled. DCFS appears to have turned the corner on its staffing shortage as the percentage of unfilled positions has improved to 11 percent. However, many of DCFS's performance indicators have not yet shown improvement. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Tribal Child Welfare Officials.
Published: 2007
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/tribalfactsheet.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/tribalfactsheet.pdf
Abstract: Intended for tribal child welfare officials, this fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs) and explains its relationship to the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA). Key protections under the ICWA are listed, and efforts to include tribes as stakeholders in the CFSR process are described. Areas in which the CFSRs assess State efforts to conform with ICWA requirements are outlined, and findings from the first round of CFSRs conducted from October 2000 to March 2004 are reported. A total of 134 cases applicable to ICWA were identified among 26 States. Promising approaches and areas needing improvement in meeting the needs of Native American children in these cases are considered.

Title: Children of Incarerated Parents.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Virginia child protection newsletter.
v. 81, Winter 2007, p. 1-24
Available from: James Madison University
http://psychweb.cisat.jmu.edu/graysojh/
School of Psychology, MSC 7401
800 S. Main Street
Harrisonburg, VA 22807
Printable version (PDF): http://psychweb.cisat.jmu.edu/graysojh/volume%2081.pdf
Abstract: This newsletter provides information on the number of children with incarcerated parents, the impact of the incarceration, and intervention strategies. It begins with statistics on the incidence of children with incarcerated parents and a discussion of the risks children face when their parents are incarcerated. Feelings children experience are described, as well as factors that promote resiliency. Information is then provided on goals for interventions and supports for children whose parents are incarcerated. Recommended practices are discussed for arrest practices, child placement, sentencing considerations, programs for incarcerated parents, and visitation programs. Programs for children in their communities are also spotlighted, including mentoring programs and children's groups. Stresses associated with reunification are explored and collaborative efforts between faith-based organizations and secular agencies to provide effective models and programs for inmates and their children are noted. The newsletter concludes with a summary of research findings that indicates interventions for children of incarcerated parents need to support the whole family. Additional information is provided on the All God's Children Camp provided by the Virginia Conference United Methodist Church for children of incarcerated parents, the Mothers Inside Loving Kids parenting education program, and other Virginia programs and initiatives to assist prisoners and their families.

Title: Planning for Success: An Analysis of California Counties' Child Welfare System Improvement Plans: First Full Year Implementation of County System Improvement Plans under AB 636.
Author(s): Oppenheim, Stuart.;Pitcl, Joni.
Published: 2007
Available from: Child and Family Policy Institute of California (CFPIC)
http://www.cfpic.org/
925 L Street, Suite 350

Sacramento, CA 95814
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cfpic.org/pdfs/SIP_ImpApp_A.pdf
Abstract: This report provides an analysis of the first System Improvement Plans submitted by all 58 California counties in response to the requirements established in the Child Welfare System Improvement and Accountability Act established under AB 636 (Chapter 678, Statutes of 2001). The legislation set forth a revolutionary approach that established a dynamic county planning process for the continual improvement of outcomes for children and families. In addition it defined statewide goals and required the identification of performance measurements for monitoring outcomes and improvements over time. The key findings reflect the outcomes after the first full year of the counties implementation of their SIPs. The report provides insight into the goals and strategies targeted by the counties and provides an overview of county performance on state and federal measures. In addition, a synopsis of the successes and challenges faced by the counties during the implementation process is presented. Finally, there is an accounting of the areas where additional resources and support are needed to improve outcomes for California's children and families. (Author abstract)

Title: Creating, Maintaining and Influencing a Staff Team. (Chapter 3 in Managing Children's Homes: Developing Effective Leadership in Small Organisations.)
Author(s): Hicks, Leslie.;Gibbs, Ian.;Weatherly, Helen.;Byford, Sarah.
Published: 2007
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Based on a quantitative study of 45 children's homes in England, this chapter discusses findings from interviews with managers on creating, maintain, and influencing a staff team. Findings indicate the nature of the post of manager has a clear impact on the potential for purposeful work, that accomplishing a functioning team entails drawing together individuals into a co-operating group to share managers' clarity and goals and ways of achieving these, and that sharing roles and responsibilities relies on a solid understanding of the strengths of each member of staff and time spent both formally and informally in maintaining the staff team.

Title: Knowledge Path: Infant Mortality [Website].
Author(s): Lorenzo, Susan Brune.
Published: 2007
Available from: Maternal and Child Health Library
http://www.mchlibrary.info
National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health
Georgetown University
Box 571272
Washington, DC 20057-1272
Document available online at: http://www.mchlibrary.info/KnowledgePaths/kp_infmort.html
Abstract: This knowledge path about infant mortality offers a selection of recent, high-quality resources that analyze data, describe public health campaigns and other prevention programs, and report on research aimed at identifying causes and promising intervention strategies. This knowledge path for health professionals, policymakers, researchers, and families will be updated periodically. (Author abstract)

Title: Performance-Based Contracting in Social Welfare Programs.
Author(s): Heinrich, Carolyn J.;Choi, Youseok.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: American Review of Public Administration
v. 37, 4, December 2007, p. 409-435
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: The Wisconsin Works (W-2) program changed the administrative structure for social welfare services delivery from county government administration to one that includes performance-based contracting and private sector management of programs. We present a theoretical discussion of government contracting and the implications of alternative contract structures for service provider behavior and performance. We then analyze W-2 contract design and management across four contract periods (1997-2005) as the state transitioned to a performance-based contracting regime. We find that the state made rational changes in the W-2 contract specifications and performance measures that should have improved contract efficiency and effectiveness over time, and service providers responded to these changes in allocating effort toward the achievement of priority performance goals. At the same time, deficiencies in program administration and contract management contributed to some contract and performance failures and setbacks. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Legislatures.
Published: 2007
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/legislaturesfactsheet.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/cwmonitoring/general_info/fact_sheets/legislaturesfactsheet.pdf
Abstract: Designed for legislators, this fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs). It identifies the seven outcome and seven systemic factors measured by the CFSRs, and ways the reviews can provide a valuable source of specific information for legislators. Finally, strategies legislators can implement to support the CFSRs are listed.

Title: Destination Future 2006: National Youth Leadership Conference Report.
Author(s): Peck, Robert W., Jr.;Newman, Ann.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Resource Center for Youth Services
http://www.nrcys.ou.edu
Schusterman Center;4502 E. 41st St., Bldg. 4W
Tulsa, OK 74135-2512
Abstract: This report summarizes the proceedings of the annual Destination Future youth leadership conference held on August 11-13, 2006. The 336 participants at the conference were youth ages 16-20, and their adult sponsors, consisting of social workers, foster parents, youth workers, and volunteers. While at the conference, youth were presented with small group sessions, keynote speakers, and entertainment. The conference focused on improving the child welfare system through youth involvement. Findings from the small discussion groups are presented and address: challenges to involving youth in the Child and Family Services Review, barriers foster youth face that impede academic achievement, challenges to succeeding when pursing post-secondary education, challenges for involving youth in their own case plan, concerns of young people transitioning into adulthood, and challenges youth face when they are involved in court reviews, developing permanent connections, involved in training staff and resource families, involved in service learning or community activities, staying connected with family members, dealing with mental health issues and treatment, and preventing teen pregnancy. Youth perspectives on each topic are provided, along with suggested strategies. Findings from a survey of 160 youth that participated in the conference are also shared and address contact with biological families, social supports, and feelings regarding adoption.

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews Fact Sheet for Youth Involvement.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/Youth%20Involvement%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet discusses the history and purposes of the federal Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs) and efforts by the Children's Bureau to recruit former foster care youth to participate in the CFSRs as consultant reviewers. Information is provided on reviewer roles and responsibilities, training, honorarium, and coverage of travel expenses.

Title: Children's Bureau Child and Family Services Reviews State Team Training Project Fact Sheet.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/STT%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet summarizes the State Team Training Project activities managed by JBS International, Inc. (JBS) for the Children's Bureau, Administration for Children and Families (ACF), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The project supports the Children's Bureau in training State Review Teams on procedures related to the Child and Family Services Reviews (CFSRs). Activities include: designing and implementing training for State Review Teams preparing for an onsite review; developing an Internet-based E-Training Platform; training State agency staff on the CFSR Process; and providing training/technical assistance to engage State legislators in support of the CFSRs.

Title: Guía de adopción de la ciudad de nueva york para padres de crianza (New York City Foster Parent's Guide to Adoption)
Author(s): Marsh, Lisa C.;Roberts, Calvin.
Published: 2007
Available from: New York State Office of Children and Family Services
http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us
Capital View Office Park
52 Washington Street

Rensselaer, NY 12144-2796
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/publications/Pub5022-S.pdf
Abstract: In New York State, many of the children in foster care who have a goal of adoption are adopted by their foster parent(s). This guide was written to assist the adoption process for these children so that they are able to find permanent, stable homes.

Esta guía está diseñada para los padres adoptivos en el estado de Nueva York que están pensado adoptar a un niño bajo su cuidado de manera permanente. A estos padres también se les conoce como padres de crianza.

Title: Fact Sheet 3: Research Studies on the Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders in the Child Welfare Population (p. B-15 -- B-20 of Screening and Assessment for Family Engagement, Retention and Recovery (SAFERR)).
Published: 2007
Available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Printable version (PDF): http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/prevline/pdfs/SMA07-4261.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet discusses the wide variation of data from studies that have examined the prevalence of substance abuse among the child welfare population, with estimates ranging from 40% to 80% of families involved with child welfare having substance abuse problems. Reasons for the variations are discussed, and data is presented from the National Study on Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), which has collected data from a nationally representative sample of children in child welfare services, a study from the U.S. Government Accountability Office, and other studies. Findings indicate: in a study of the prevalence of substance abuse and dependence in a representative sample of in-home cases, a lower level of prevalence was found than has previously been reported; caseworkers misidentified caregivers with a substance use disorder most of the time; and case reviews and various methodologies among cases in which children have been removed generally report two-thirds to three-quarters of cases are affected by parental substance use. 17 references.

Title: Child Welfare Review Projects JBS International, Inc. Fact Sheet.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/Project%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet summarizes the Child Welfare Review Projects managed by JBS International, Inc. The projects include: designing and implementing an Automated Review System; recruiting consultants for the CFSRs; designing and conducting trainings for consultant reviewers, Consultant co-Local Site Leaders, and cross-State participants; developing materials relating to the CFSRs; supporting the Children's Bureau in planning and facilitating the reviews; assisting the Children's Bureau Central and Regional Offices in tracking the status and outcomes of the reviews; maintaining the Child Welfare Monitoring section of the Children's Bureau Web site; and archiving State reports and related materials.

Title: National Evaluation of the Safe Start Demonstration Project, January Through December 2004, Volume I: Cross-Site Process Evaluation.
Published: 2005
Available from: Association for the Study and Development of Community
http://capacitybuilding.net/
438 N. Frederick Ave., Suite 315
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Printable version (PDF): http://capacitybuilding.net/Process%20Evaluation/Annualprocessreport-VI_FINAL.pdf
Abstract: This report includes findings from a cross-site process evaluation of 11 communities selected as Safe Start Demonstration Project sites. The evaluation covers January through December 2004 and includes findings from the sites in Baltimore, Bridgeport, Chatham, Chicago, Pinellas, Pueblo of Zuni, Rochester (New York), San Francisco, Sitka, Spokane, and Washington County (Maine). The goal of the Safe Start project was to expand existing partnerships among service providers and create a comprehensive service delivery system to meet the needs of children and their families at any point of entry in the system of care. Furthermore, this comprehensive system was expected to improve the accessibility, delivery, and quality of services for young children who have been exposed to violence or are at high risk of exposure. Following an explanation of the goals of the national evaluation and its methodology, Section 2 describes the major activities, milestones, and goals attained by Safe Start demonstration sites. Findings are organized according to the five domains of system change: development of policies, procedures, and protocols; service integration activities; resource development, identification, and reallocation; new, expanded, or enhanced programming; and community action and awareness activities. The discussion of each domain of change explicitly describes the levels at which sites effected change at the point of service, within the organization, and across organizations in the community. Section 3 summarizes the composition and process of the 11 local Safe Start collaborations, and Section 4 describes both the external changes and internal changes that affected the successful implementation and goal achievement of Safe Start demonstration sites. Section 5 identifies the capacities reported by local demonstration sites for the successful implementation of a local Safe Start initiative, and Section 6 describes the strategies developed or under development to sustain the goals and changes achieved across sites. Sections 7 and 8 report lessons learned and discuss major accomplishments of local Safe Start initiatives. 7 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Psychosocial Issues for Children and Adolescents in Disasters. Second edition.
Author(s): Speier, Anthony H.
Published: 2005
Available from: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
http://www.samhsa.gov
200 Independence Avenue, S.W.
Washington, DC 20201
Document available online at: http://mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/publications/allpubs/ADM86-1070/Default.asp
Abstract: This manual provides information and guidance for individuals concerned with the mental health needs of children who experience major disasters. Chapter 1 describes basic principles for providing assistance to children in both the early stages of crisis response and the later stages of emotional recovery from the disaster. Theories of child development are reviewed, and the importance of child attachment relationships is emphasized. Chapter 2 explores the normal reactions of children to disasters, including fears, anxieties, and sleep disturbances, and explains common reactions for different age groups. General steps in the helping process are discussed in Chapter 3, as well as the role of the family. Case examples of situations that confront children in the aftermath of a disaster are provided. The final chapter provides guidelines for caregivers, mental health, and human service workers for providing services to children and families, and for assisting crisis counseling staff in managing stress. A list of books for children coping with disasters is included. 30 references.

Title: Fostering the Future: Strengthening Courts for Children in Foster Care.
Published: 2005
Available from: Pew Commission on Children in Foster Care
http://pewfostercare.org/
2233 Wisconsin Avenue, NW
Suite 535
Washington, DC 20007
Abstract: This 70-minute DVD and companion guide focuses on court recommendations made by the Pew Commission on Children in Foster Care to improve court performance and reform the structure of federal child welfare financing. The DVD begins with an overview of the challenges facing dependency courts and an introduction to the recommendations to enable courts to make better and timelier decisions for their children in their care. Members of the Commission, judicial leaders, parents, foster parents, and children provide their perspectives. In the second segment, the development of the Commission is explained, and segment three provides case studies of three families that represented the types of children who spend time in foster care. Segments 4-8 presents the Commission's recommendations the focus on court performance, courts and agencies working together, strengthening the voices of children and families, and promoting judicial leadership. The final segment acknowledges the participation and guidance of individuals and organizations involved in forming the recommendations. The companion guide describes the role of the courts in child welfare, the recommendations, and steps for planning presentations using the DVD. A glossary of dependency court terms is also included.

Title: The Concise Handbook of Management: A Practitioner's Approach.
Author(s): Scott, Jonathan.
Published: 2005
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This text provides an overview of management theories and explains strategies for managing effectively. Part 1 focuses on building the management foundation. Chapters discuss the history of management from the Industrial Revolution to the present, steps to becoming a good manager, and the importance of customers. Chapters in Part 2 explore basic thoughts on and theories of management and address: management competencies and styles, strategies for getting the most from employees, organizational structures and cultures, ways of managing change and conflict, managing teams and work groups, managing by objectives, achieving and measuring quality, organizational ethics, leadership abilities and actions, management theory versus practice, and managing in different cultures. Part 3 addresses basic skills of management, including managerial decision making and problem solving, managing time, dealing with people in the workplace, oral and written communication in the workplace, mastering the skills of a presentation, and planning successful meetings. An outline for project or program planning is provided. The final part is on the basics of business and includes chapters that discuss knowing your product, competitive advantage strategy, the importance of marketing, tools for developing external and internal customers, pricing, business marketing and promotion, ideas for improving a business, and tips for success. Numerous references.

Title: Child Protective Services Policy : volume VII, section III, chapter A / Virginia Department of Social Services, Child Protective Services. [July 2008]
Published: 2005
Available from: Virginia Department of Social Services
http://www.dss.state.va.us/
7 North Eighth Street
Richmond, VA 23219
Abstract: This document outlines child protective services policy in the Commonwealth of Virginia. State law authorizes the Virginia Department of Social Services to supervise activities to protect children from maltreatment, preserve families, and prevent abuse and neglect. Local departments are responsible for investigating reports. A differential response system provides a flexible approach to supporting families according to their level of need. The policy defines types of abuse and neglect and details considerations for decision making. Reporting procedures, investigations, notifications of status, family assessments, interviews and evidence collection, judicial proceedings, and reports of findings are described. The policy also addresses service planning, confidentiality, training for child protection workers, non-family investigations, and appeals.

Title: Blended Funding Report (including, Barriers to Blended Funding; Innovative Funding Approaches To Support Collaborative Service Delivery; and Braided and other Innovative Funding).
Published: 2004
Available from: Washington State Department of Social and Health Services
http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/
DSHS Constituent Services
PO Box 45130
Olympia, WA 98504-5130
Printable version (PDF): http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/pdf/EA/GovRel/Leg0604/BlendFund.pdf
Abstract: Chapter 219, Laws of 2000, Section 2, as codified in RCW 74.14.A.060, requires the Washington Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) to report annually to the legislature on the progress in blending funds to provide enhanced services to children and their families with multiple needs. This report is the fourth in a series of reports to the legislature on the development and implementation of blended funding projects. Blended funding involves the co-mingling of funds into a single pool from which services can be funded. This report addresses the formal blended funding project for children and families that DSHS has undertaken, as well as other innovative funding approaches to support collaborative service delivery. The Title IV-E Demonstration Waiver Project, a formal blended funding project with federal Department of Health and Human Services, was terminated on June 30, 2003. Sites in Spokane and Clark Counties operated during the project period. Both ceased after encountering difficulties that included a very small service population, payment methodology, evaluation design and providing specialized placement options. The King County Blended Funding Project continues to operate and is serving 25 youths who have demonstrated high, cross-system service needs that have not been met successfully through existing services and service rates. The funding for 2003 is from King County Department of Mental Health Regional Support Network (RSN), Puget Sound Educational Service District, and Region 4 Division of Children and Family Services (DCFS.) At times the school district where the child resides also contributes on a child by child basis. Although most of the funding for this program is blended, some is not. There are numerous barriers to blending funds across categorical programs. These barriers have been noted in previous reports and include the frequent need for formal waivers of federal requirements, defined eligibility for specific programs, varying interpretations of the amount of flexibility available, and onerous evaluation requirements when flexibility is granted. For these reasons, few department dollars are available to blend with other service funding. The department, in the interest of better coordination of service, is undertaking initiatives that encourage "braiding" of funds and integration of services. Braided funds retain their funding streams, tracking requirements and specific eligibility for services, but are offered as part of a coordinated package of services to shared clients. This report describes a few of the numerous DSHS efforts to improve coordination of services with braided or other innovative funding. (Author abstract)

Title: Dual or Multiple Relationships: Guidelines for Rural Domestic Violence and Child Protection Collaborations.
Author(s): Breitmaier, Ellie.
Published: 2004
Available from: National Online Resource Center on Violence Against Women
http://www.vawnet.org
6400 Flank Drive, Suite 1300

Harrisburg, PA 17112-2778
Document available online at: http://new.vawnet.org/category/Documents.php?docid=846
Printable version (PDF): http://new.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/VTNetworkDV-CPSPub6.pdf
Abstract: Designed for domestic violence and child protection collaborations in rural Vermont, this publication discusses the conflicts of interest that may arise when professionals are fulfilling dual or multiple roles. It provides a list of questions that should be considered to explore possible conflicts and presents recommendations for creating a general policy on conflicts of interest and dealing with confidentiality requirements.

Title: Civil and Criminal Responses to Children and Youth Who Experience Domestic Violence: A Model Policy Response for Vermont.
Author(s): Fitzgerald, Amy.;Richard, Jill.;Torchia, Amy.;Allo, Janine.
Published: 2004
Available from: National Online Resource Center on Violence Against Women
http://www.vawnet.org
6400 Flank Drive, Suite 1300

Harrisburg, PA 17112-2778
Printable version (PDF): http://new.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/VTNetworkDV-CPSPub2.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the effects of domestic violence on children and youth and proposes a model policy response for children and youth who have witnessed domestic violence in Vermont. Vermont's current response to children affected by domestic violence is summarized, including efforts by the Vermont Network Against Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault and the State's child protection agency, and the Vermont Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services to better coordinate their individual and collective response to women and children affected by domestic violence especially in those situations where domestic violence and child abuse coexist. Guiding principles for providing services are shared, as well as research on various policy responses in both the criminal and civil arenas. Examples are provided of some State criminal and civil responses, as well as the unintended consequences of criminal and civil remedies for children who witness domestic violence. Recommendations are made for a model response in Vermont and include: support a differential response to children who witness domestic violence; consider alternative ways to improve batterer accountability; consider all policy changes carefully to create positive outcomes without unintended negative consequences experienced by other States; and evaluate the impact of any policy change on adults and children who experience domestic violence. 7 references.

Title: Funding Resources for Child Welfare.
Author(s): Schmid, Donald L.
Published: 2003
Available from: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
http://www.cwla.org/
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 250
Arlington, VA 22202
Document available online at: http://www.cwla.org/advocacy/financingfunding.htm
Abstract: The funding of child welfare services is very complicated. Public child welfare agencies depend on a variety of federal funding streams for their operation. These funds along with state and/or local general fund appropriations are used to hire staff and provide services directly as well as to purchase services from third parties. Each of these revenue sources has their own set of rules, regulations and policy interpretations. Some are open-ended entitlements; others are capped entitlements; and others are specialized, focused or block grants. As a general rule, the greater the flexibility, the smaller the amount of money available. Some of these funds are administered directly by the State Child Welfare Agency; while others, available to clients that both public and private agencies serve, are administered by a different public agency. This paper is not intended to give all the answers to all the particulars of each of the described revenue resources. That would be a far more lengthy discourse than is presented here. Instead, this paper will present the highlights of the primary public child welfare administered grants as well as the rehabilitation option and Targeted Case Management available under Medicaid, Title XIX. Knowledge of the various funding streams available to public child welfare is important to both public and private providers. Access to these funds and how they are administered will vary from state to state. (Author abstract)

Title: Lessons Learned from the First 2 Years of the Children's Bureau's Quality Improvement Center Initiative.
Published: 2003
Available from: Children's Bureau
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/
Administration on Children, Youth and Families
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW, Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: In fiscal year 2001 the Children's Bureau implemented the Quality Improvement Center (QIC) initiative, a pilot program designed to examine the feasibility of a decentralized model of demonstration project funding. The objectives of the model were to promote development of evidence-based knowledge abut effective child welfare practices in the areas of adoption and child protective services, and ensure dissemination of the information that informs and alters practice as the direct service level. The Children's Bureau entered into cooperative agreements with five QICs and provided funding for a 5-year period. The Children's Bureau also contracted with James Bell Associates (JBA) to evaluate the initiative. This report describes the QICs and their three operational phases, and presents the initial JBA evaluation findings with regard to key facilitating factors, challenges, and lessons learned from the perspectives of QIC staff, Children's Bureau staff, and QIC grantee staff. Lessons learned during the planning phase, during the grants award phase, and during the grantee implementation phase are shared. Findings indicate that QICs were able to successfully implement the key elements of the QIC initiative as envisioned by the Children's Bureau. The QICs, however, encountered challenges and learned lessons throughout the planning an early implementation process. A key challenge pertained to the potential effectiveness of the QICs in producing evidence-based knowledge regarding effective practices in the area of child protective services and adoption. Strategies for attaining this goal are recommended. Appendices include descriptions of QIC grantees and their activities. (Author abstract modified) Document Scanned.

Title: Annual Training and Technical Assistance: Safe Start Assessment Plan.
Published: 2003
Available from: Association for the Study and Development of Community
http://capacitybuilding.net/
438 N. Frederick Ave., Suite 315
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Printable version (PDF): http://capacitybuilding.net/Other%20Resources/NCL%20Training%20and%20TA%20Assessment.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses findings from training and technical assistance assessments of 11 communities selected as Safe Start Demonstration Project sites. Safe Start is a five and half year project that began in 1999 and was designed to expand existing partnerships among service providers and create a comprehensive service delivery system to meet the needs of children and their families at any point of entry in the system of care. Furthermore, this comprehensive system was expected to improve the accessibility, delivery, and quality of services for young children who have been exposed to violence or are at high risk of exposure. The funded sites include communities in Baltimore, Bridgeport, Chatham, Chicago, Pinellas, Pueblo of Zuni, Rochester (New York), San Francisco, Sitka, Spokane, and Washington County (Maine). Following an explanation of the Safe Start Demonstration Project, assessments are provided for each site that include a project overview, description, and analysis across six areas (collaboration, management, strategic plan, systems change, service integration, and programmatic expertise), and a review of the current training and technical assistance plan. The report concludes with cross-site observations that indicate: most sites have had difficulty in developing appropriate roles and responsibilities for collaborative members once the initiative has moved from planning to implementation; the relationships between grantee/lead agencies, prime contractors, and subcontractors continue to be challenging for local project staff and the collaborative; the need to annually update the community assessment and the strategic plan is only now beginning to be realized; many sites are not adequately connecting the findings of their policy and fiscal analyses into systems change strategies; and more advanced training and skill development for clinicians is needed.

Title: Coordinating Welfare and Substance Abuse Services.
Author(s): Kaplan, Jan.
Published: 2002
Journal Name: Issue Notes
v. 6, 6, July 2002, p. [1-10] html pages
Available from: Finance Project
http://www.financeproject.org/
1401 New York Avenue, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20005
Document available online at: http://www.financeproject.org/Publications/coordinatingwelfareIN.htm
Abstract: This Issue Note raises issues for policymakers and program staff to consider when coordinating and integrating welfare and substance abuse services to overcome barriers to treatment, employment, and economic independence. (Author abstract)

Title: Missouri Intensive In-Home Services Standards of Practice.
Published: 2002
Available from: National Family Preservation Network
http://www.nfpn.org
3971 North 1400 East
Buhl, ID 83316
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nfpn.org/images/stories/files/missouri_ifps_standards.pdf
Abstract: This report describes the standards of practice for Intensive In-Home Services (IIS) in Missouri. It begins by explaining that IIS are short-term, intensive, home-based, crisis intervention services that offer families in crisis the alternative to remain together safely, averting the out-of-home placement of children. The structure of the IIS services is discussed, as well as the systemic context of IIHS. Information is then provided on principles that guide IIS practice, characteristics of IIS practice in Missouri, desired outcomes of IIS, IIS service population, the delivery process of IIS, IIS staff requirements, IIS service period, IIS accountability, and IIS data collection requirements. Part 2 of the report discusses training standards for IIS staff. Attachments include information on Family Support Team Meetings and protocols and guidelines for determining when out-of-home placement is appropriate during an IIS intervention.

Title: Communicating in a Crisis : Risk Communication Guidelines for Public Officials.
Published: 2002
Available from: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
http://www.samhsa.gov/
1 Choke Cherry Road
Rockville, MD 20857
Printable version (PDF): http://www.riskcommunication.samhsa.gov/RiskComm.pdf
Abstract: This booklet is designed as a resource for public officials on the basic tenets of effective communications generally and on working with news media specifically. It begins with tips for communicating before, during, and after a crisis situation and for ensuring that destabilizing information is not given. Communication fundamentals are then reviewed, including strategies for developing goals and key messages, staying on message, and delivering accurate and timely information. Specific strategies for communicating complex, scientific, and technical information are included, as well as ways to earn trust, build creditability, avoid pitfalls, and manage hostile situations. Following sections provide a brief orientation and perspective on the media and how they think and work, tips for working with reporters, correcting errors and rumor control, assessing personal strengths and weaknesses that effect communication style, presenting information at public meetings, and recognizing opportunities to speak out. Suggested readings and resources are also listed. 19 references.

Title: Guidelines for Provision of Youth Services: For Regions Responsible for Child, Youth and Family Development.
Published: 2002
Available from: British Columbia Ministry of Children and Family Development
http://www.mcf.gov.bc.ca
PO Box 9721 Stn Prov Govt
Victoria, BC
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mcf.gov.bc.ca/youth/pdf/guidelines_provision_of_youth_services.pdf
Abstract: This document contains information to assist regional authorities in the design and delivery of effective community-based interventions and supports for vulnerable youth that are appropriate to the needs of their local youth populations. It supports a vision and mission for Youth Services developed through the Youth Services Steering Committee. The following is provided as it relates to the development of effective youth services at the individual, family-social, and community levels: (1) Key influences for effective service delivery to youth; (2) Target service outcomes at both the client and system level; (3) Description of high-risk and at-risk youth populations; (4) Description of the nature/type of supports that might be developed for youth; (5) Service planning strategies for assessing community and regional needs, assessing cost implications by type of service, and making funding/resource allocation decisions; and (6) Appended background and statistical reference information. (Author abstract)

Title: Research Review of Best Practices for Provision of Youth Services.
Published: 2002
Available from: British Columbia Ministry of Children and Family Development
http://www.mcf.gov.bc.ca
PO Box 9721 Stn Prov Govt
Victoria, BC
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mcf.gov.bc.ca/youth/pdf/best_practices_provision_of_youth_services.pdf
Abstract: This report identifies elements of best practice in service delivery for high-risk youth. Best practices are based on the results of a review of current literature related to evidence of program model's effectiveness. The report also addresses barriers to service delivery affecting the high-risk youth population.

Title: Blended Funding Report (including, Barriers to Blended Funding; and Alternatives to Blended Funding).
Published: 2002
Available from: Washington State Department of Social and Health Services
http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/
DSHS Constituent Services
PO Box 45130
Olympia, WA 98504-5130
Printable version (PDF): http://www.dshs.wa.gov/pdf/EA/GovRel/Leg1202/BFR.pdf
Abstract: Chapter 219, Laws of 2000, Section 2, as codified in RCW 74.14.A.060, requires the Washington Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) to report annually to the legislature on the progress in blending funds to provide enhanced services to children and their families with multiple needs. This report is the third in a series of reports to the legislature on the development and implementation of blended funding projects. This report provides information from December 2001 through November 2002. (Author abstract)

Title: Funding What Works: Exploring the Role of Research on Effective Programs and Practices in Government Decision Making.
Author(s): Bruner, Charles.;Greenberg, Mark.;Guy, Cynthia.;Little, Michael.;Schorr, Lisbeth.
Published: 2002
Available from: Child and Family Policy Center
http://www.cfpciowa.org
218 6th Avenue
Suite 1021
Des Moines, IA 50309
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cfpciowa.org/uploaded/file/FundWhatWorks.pdf
Abstract: The presentations in this resource brief discuss issues involved in moving toward outcome accountability and funding social services programs that work. The presentations were part of a special Research Symposium held on May 18, 2001 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, co-sponsored by the National Center for Service Integration and the Center for Schools and Communities. The brief provides all the presentations, edited by the individual presenters. The first presentation makes the case for use of a broader range of evidence than that obtained from randomized clinical trials in making funding decisions, and discusses a set of attributes of effective practice and their own body of evidence supporting their effectiveness. The following presentation argues for a multiplicity of research approaches, but contends that randomized controlled trials offered the greatest certainty of program impact and should be employed where feasible. It stresses the need to do more than fund research-based programs and to give specific attention to implementation efforts to assure the fidelity of their replication. The third presentation offers a cross-national perspective, and explains that research should look for more than statistical significance and address the questions, for whom, by how much, and under what conditions. The importance of developing an infrastructure to support evaluation and continuous learning as part of organizational and program development is discussed in the next presentation. It contends that outcome accountability is part of the political landscape, and, unless practitioners and researchers develop strategies to continuously improve practice through use of outcome data, funders may conclude that little works and limit their funding to find solutions. The fifth presentation provides the perspective of one foundation, both as a funder and a consumer of research. A panel of Pennsylvania respondents then offered their perspectives on the implications for State policy and practice. The final section of the brief provides a summary of the consensus points from panelists and respondents. A glossary of terms is also provided. Numerous references.

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