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Administration / Child Welfare Systems - Results (107 Publications)

Title: CFSP/APSR Toolkit [Website].
Published: 2010
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/programs_fund/toolkit/index.htm
Abstract: This toolkit is designed to create a central location for all technical assistance documents and materials, as well as references to specific laws, policies, and checklists that relate to the development of the State and Tribal Child and Family Service Plan (CFSP)/Annual Progress and Services Report (APSR).

Title: Informing Child Welfare: The Promise and Limits of Empirical Research. (Chapter 2 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Pelton, Leroy H.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter examines both the relevance and the irrelevance of research regarding public child welfare, particularly in the key areas of child removal, family preservation, and child protection. The relevance of the research is reviewed at four levels: programs and services, the structure of the child welfare system itself, child welfare policies, and the cognitive roots of child welfare practices, systems, and policies. A fundamental discrepancy between aggregate data used in child welfare research and the focus of child welfare practice at the individual and family level is examined. 46 references.

Title: Providing More Effective, Ethical Services: The Philosophy and Process of Evidence-Based (-Informed) Practice. (Chapter 3 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Gambrill, Eileen.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter explains what is meant by evidence-based practice (EBP), three philosophies of evidence-informed practice, and steps in EBP. Different styles of EBP are reviewed, as well as the origins of EBP and the implications of the philosophy of evidence-informed practice and care. Implications include moving away from authoritarian practices and policies, honoring ethical obligations, and making practices, policies, and outcomes transparent. Controversies regarding evidence and barriers to evidence-informed practice are also discussed. 74 references.

Title: The Transition to Adulthood Among Youth "Aging Out" of Care: What Have We Learned? (Chapter 7 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Dworsky, Amy.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter begins with a brief discussion of the motivation for and development of the Title IV-E Independent Living Program and its successor, the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program. A review of the literature on the outcomes of former foster youth is then provided that describes findings from studies that have examined the self-sufficiency of foster youth who aged out of care, discusses methodological limitations, and summarizes research findings. Findings indicate most foster youth are not prepared to live on their own at age 18. The chapter concludes with a discussion of unanswered questions for future research. 8 tables and 64 references.

Title: A Descriptive Study of Intimate Partner Violence and Child Maltreatment: Implications for Child Welfare Policy. (Chapter 9 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Renner, Lynette M.;Slack, Kristen Shook.;Berger, Lawrence M.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: A study involving 1,011 Illinois families receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families investigated the co-occurrence of domestic violence and child maltreatment, the extent to which intimate partner violence (IPV) victims were identified as perpetrators of child maltreatment, and whether indicators of parenting and well-being vary across families experiencing child maltreatment only, IPV only, and both phenomena. Findings indicate families with co-occurring forms of violence have multiple needs and require services from both the child protective services and domestic violence systems. 3 tables and 101 references.

Title: Decision Making in Child Welfare: Constraints and Potentials. (Chapter 10 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Gambrill, Eileen.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter presents an overview of research concerning judgment, problem-solving, and decision making pertinent to child welfare settings and emphasizes the need for a systemic approach. Barriers to sound decision making are discussed, as well as the need to use valid assessment frameworks and measures, recognize and learn from errors, pay attention to organizational variables, purchase services based on their evidentiary status, and protest dysfunctional governmental requirements. 1 figure and 97 references.

Title: The Future of Child Protection Revisted. (Chapter 14 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Waldfogel, Jane.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter reviews the effectiveness of using differential response in child protective services. It describes the components of differential response and reports evidence that indicates children seem to be as well, or better, off on indicators of child safety and repeat maltreatment under differential response. Families also seem to be receiving more services and are more satisfied with the services they receive. Continuing challenges to providing differential response are discussed. 22 references.

Title: Self-Evaluation: Using Data to Guide Policy and Practice in Public Child Welfare Agencies. (Chapter 16 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Webster, Daniel.;Usher, Charles L.;Needell, Barbara.;Wildfire, Judith.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter discusses some of the challenges and successes encountered by university technical assistants, child welfare agency administrators, frontline workers, and community partners as they have worked together toward using data to improve their social work practices in the Family to Family initiative. It explains the need for self-evaluation, the development of self-evaluation teams, and strategies used to adjust attitudes, track outcomes, and stay the course for system reform. 3 figures and 32 references.

Title: Comparing Welfare and Child Welfare Populations: An Argument for Rethinking the Safety Net. (Chapter 17 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Courtney, Mark E.;Dworsky, Amy.;Pilivian, Irving.;McMurtry, Steven.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter examines whether the welfare reforms initiated during the 1990s have sufficiently altered the purpose of welfare programs and the populations they serve to warrant a rethinking of the relationship between economic support programs and social services for children and families. Data from two ongoing studies in Milwaukee, Wisconsin are used to provide empirical evidence supporting the claim that workfare and child welfare programs serve increasingly similar populations with similar needs. The two systems, however, continue to operate largely independently, if not at cross-purposes. Implications for policymakers are discussed. 6 tables and 61 references.

Title: Child Abuse and Neglect
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Document available online at: http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/can_info_packet.cfm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/can_info_packet.pdf
Abstract: This information packet includes fact sheets about child maltreatment and the services available from the Child Welfare Information Gateway. The fact sheets review the definitions of maltreatment, child abuse and neglect prevention, and provide statistical information about the prevalence of child abuse and neglect and the characteristics of victims and offenders. Directories of federal clearinghouses, hotlines, state agencies, and other organizations that disseminate information about family and domestsic violence and substance abuse are also inserted.

Title: Policy Academy on Improving Outcomes for Young Adults with Disabilities. Final Project Report.
Author(s): Oldmixon, Sarah.;Simon, Martin.;Rollefson, Mary.
Published: 2008
Available from: Health and Human Services Office on Disability
http://www.hhs.gov/od/
200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Room 637D
Washington, DC 20201
Document available online at: http://www.hhs.gov/od/topics/healthandhumanservices/improving_outcomes_for_young_adults1_08.doc
Abstract: This report provides an overview of the Policy Academy on Improving Outcomes for Young Adults with Disabilities, a joint venture between the Office on Disability at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the National Governors Association (NGA) Center for Best Practices. The overarching goal of the Policy Academy was to improve services for young adults ages 14-30 to better support their successful transition to maximum independence and reduce instances of institutionalization, incarceration, and homelessness. Key priorities included: developing and implementing sustainable State administrative infrastructure changes that persist beyond the project and ensure that the transition needs of young adults with disabilities are consistently addressed, ensuring that services to young adults are both comprehensive and integrated across systems, and promoting seamless transitions from child- and youth-serving programs to adult-serving programs. Following a competitive application process, six States were selected to participate in the Policy Academy: Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Kansas, Montana, and Washington. Over the two-year course of the project, cross-agency teams from each State worked with staff from the NGA Center and other experts to develop and begin to implement strategic plans to accomplish the project's goals. At the beginning of Year 2, each State applied for and received a $35,000 grant to further assist with the implementation of the strategic plans. The report begins with a background section that discusses the history, goals, and structure of the project. Findings are then shared that describe the accomplishments of the initiative to date. A final section culls the lessons learned from the Policy Academy and recommends a process other States can use to design and implement administrative infrastructure changes in their own States. In addition, detailed information on the activities and accomplishments of the six participating States are included in the appendices. At the conclusion of the Policy Academy, all six teams reported significant progress towards improving State administrative infrastructures to better meet the needs of young adults with disabilities. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Progress of the New Jersey Department of Children and Families: Monitoring Report for Charlie and Nadine H. v. Corzine, July 1 - December 31, 2007.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP)
http://www.cssp.org/


1575 Eye Street N.W., Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://cssp.org/uploadFiles/FINAL%20NJ%20REPORT%20Apr%202008.pdf
Abstract: This is the third monitoring report under the Monitored Settlement Agreement (MSA) for the New Jersey court case of Charlie and Nadine H. v. Corzine and covers the period of July 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007. It reflects the State's continued work in and commitment to ensuring children are healthy and safe, children achieve permanency and stability, and resource and service delivery systems meet children's health, mental health, educational, and developmental needs. It also describes the Department of Children and Family's beginning efforts to train its workforce on the new Case Practice Model (CPM), a central element of New Jersey's child welfare reforms. Following an explanation of the methodology of the evaluation, Section 2 of the report provides overall conclusions and a summary of the State's progress in meeting the MSA requirements through December 31, 2007. Additional sections provide specific information on the requirements of the MSA in the areas of: continuing to build a high quality workforce and management infrastructure, changing practice to support children and families, appropriate placements and services for children, and meeting the health and mental health needs of children. Findings from the evaluation indicate the Department continued to develop the infrastructure it needs to promote and sustain reform, the Department continued its work to promote and support a consistent model of case practice that is intended to improve outcomes for children and families, significant progress was made on increasing appropriate placement and other resources for children throughout the State, the State exceeded its goals for the successful adoption of children requiring permanent homes, and the early work of the Differential Response pilot programs and the expanded network of Family Success Centers promises to create new avenues to support children and families and to avoid formal child welfare intervention. Additional challenges in reform efforts are discussed. 19 tables and 16 figures.

Title: Women and Children with HIV/AIDS.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center
http://aia.berkeley.edu
University of California, Berkeley
School of Social Welfare
1950 Addison St., Suite 104
Berkeley, CA 94704
Printable version (PDF): http://aia.berkeley.edu/media/pdf/2008_hiv.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet provides information on the prevalence of women with HIV/AIDS, the impact of HIV/AIDS, and effective intervention and prevention strategies. It begins by discussing the impact of HIV/AIDS on women, particularly African American and Hispanic women. Information is then provided on the transmission of HIV to women, children and HIV, and the revised CDC recommendation advocating universal, voluntary HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women ages 13-64 in health care settings. Rapid HIV tests and HIV medications for adults, adolescents, and pregnant women are also explained, as well as the challenge of medication adherence. Psychosocial factors impacting individuals with HIV/AIDS are then reviewed. The second part of the fact sheet explores the impact of HIV/AIDS on children, the need for case management and comprehensive services for families coping with HIV/AIDS, and child care and custody issues related to HIV/AIDS. The fact sheet concludes by emphasizing the need for HIV/AIDS prevention efforts to take into account the myriad factors women and children face on both an individual and societal level while also addressing the heterogeneity of these populations in various communities throughout the U.S. Numerous references.

Title: Translating Research on Children's Memory and Trauma into Practice: Clinical and Forensic Implications. (Chapter 10 in Stress, Trauma, and Children's Memory Development: Neurobiological, Cognitive, Clinical, and Legal Perspectives)
Author(s): Toth, Sheree L.;Valentino, Kristin.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: Literature on trauma and memory, particularly child maltreatment and memory, is used as the foundation for examining the clinical and social-policy implications of this research for children who have been victimized by abuse and neglect. Issues that need to be examined when providing clinical treatments for maltreated children are discussed and include developmental considerations, timing of the provision of intervention, degree of caregiver involvement, and therapist role. Interviewing factors and contexts that are related to children's memory and resistance to misleading information are also reviewed, as well as individual differences that influence suggestibility. Numerous references.

Title: Child Abuse and Neglect and American Indians: Overview and Policy Briefing.
Author(s): Cross, Terry L.;Simmons, David.
Published: 2008
Available from: Indian Country Child Trauma Center (ICCTC)
http://www.icctc.org/
Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Native American Programs
PO Box 26901 - OUCP, 3B 3406
Oklahoma City, OK 73190
Printable version (PDF): http://www.icctc.org/NICWA%20report2.pdf
Abstract: This brief begins by discussing the child maltreatment risks faced by Indian children, the large scale child neglect that occurs in Indian country, and the impact of alcohol abuse on child neglect in Indian communities. The lack of a unified, national data system that tracks child maltreatment statistics for children under tribal jurisdiction and care is noted, and statistics indicating American Indian/Alaskan Native children are over-represented in the population of child maltreatment victims are shared. The overlap in data collection from tribal communities is described, as well as the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act which does not require data reporting from tribal communities, and the Indian Child Protection and Family Violence Prevention Act that established federal investigation and reporting requirements for American Indian/Alaska Native communities but lacked funding. The lack of tribal access to children's trust fund grants and technical assistance and training resources for child abuse prevention is also noted. 13 references.

Title: New Permanency Strategies for Children in Foster Care. (Chapter 6 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Testa, Mark.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter describes the historical and sociological forces behind new permanency strategies and examines the underlying tensions and questions provoked by the shifting balance from foster care to family permanence. After outlining an analytical framework for charting the broad cycle of public child welfare change in the United States, the origins of the permanency planning movement are traced and the debate that is being generated by the expanded public reliance on kinfolk and foster families for permanent care and guardianship is considered. Questions raised by these developments are outlined, and coordinated mechanisms for finding a middle ground are offered. 2 figures and 80 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Child Welfare's Race Conversation: Agencies see Disparities Among Youth, and Staff Training as One Solution.
Author(s): Fitzpatrick, Erika.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Youth Today
v. 17, 4, April 2008, p. 7
Available from: Youth Today
http://www.youthtoday.org
1200 17th St. NW, 4th Floor
Washington, DC 20036-3006
Abstract: This article discusses the overrepresentation of minority youth in foster care. The roots of the racial disparities in child welfare are explored, as well as the need for drug treatment and prenatal care to address high rates of minority infant admissions in child welfare, the need to focus on non-urban areas where racial and ethnic disparities in adolescent foster-care placements are growing at a faster rate, the need to ensure cultural competence in child welfare staff, and the importance of providing family strengthening services.

Title: Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.
Author(s): Lindsey, Duncan.;Shlonsky, Aron.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This book presents findings from child welfare research and discusses the implications of the research on child welfare practices and services. Part 1 begins with a review of the trends in child maltreatment in the United States and Canada that demonstrates the importance of rigorous research and the use of epidemiological data in order to inform policy at the population level. Additional chapters examine the nature of the child welfare system and the quality of the research conducted within it, and explores the promise and limits of empirical research. Part 2 on evidence-based practice in child welfare, includes chapters on the emergence of evidence-based practices and the quality of published reviews of evidence-based practices. Research on permanency is addressed in Part 3, with chapters on the impact of research on child welfare policy, new permanency strategies for children in foster care, the transition to adulthood among youth aging out of care, providing restorative justice interventions in domestic violence treatment, and the implications of findings from a study on intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. Part 4 explores advances in child welfare decision making and includes chapters that detail the individual and structural impediments to sound decision-making, offer a framework for a client-involved system, analyze the problematic nature of individual decision-making strategies as they relate to key child welfare judgments, discuss how standardized safety and risk assessment instruments can be used in conjunction with clinical expertise to better inform casework decisions, and introduce neural network programming for predicting the recurrence of child maltreatment. Part 5 details the evidence-based policy and organizational innovations that have the capacity to change the way services are provided to children and families, and Part 6 considers international issues in child welfare research. Numerous references.

Title: Parent Education.
Published: 2008
Available from: FRIENDS National Resource Center For Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention
http://www.friendsnrc.org
Chapel Hill Training Outreach Project
800 Eastowne Drive
Suite 105
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Printable version (PDF): http://www.friendsnrc.org/download/parent_ed.pdf
Abstract: This bulletin provides an overview of research regarding some key characteristics and training strategies of successful parent education programs. Key characteristics include: a strength-based focus, family-centered practice, use of a combination of individual and group approaches, qualified staff, targeted service groups, and clear program goals and continuous evaluation. Programs are urged to implement the following successful training strategies: encourage peer support, involve fathers, promote positive family interaction, use interactive training techniques, and provide opportunities to practice new skills. Information about selected evidence-based and evidence-informed parent education programs, including a list of organizations where the program is mentioned, is also provided. 9 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Mentoring Adolescent Girls: A Group Intervention for Preventing Dating Violence. (Chapter 3 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Banister, Elizabeth M.;Begoray, Deborah L.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles a mentoring program for adolescent girls that is designed to prevent dating violence. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as evidence of its effectiveness, issues to consider when conducting the intervention, and program elements. A treatment manual is then presented that includes instructions for conducting 13 sessions. 22 references.

Title: TAME: Teen Anger Management Education. (Chapter 6 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Feindler, Eva L.;Gerber, Meghann.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles the Teen Anger Management Education (TAME) program, an intervention designed to help aggressive adolescents learn anger management strategies. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as issues to consider when conducting the intervention and program elements. A treatment manual is then presented that includes instructions for conducting 10 sessions. 41 references.

Title: The Children of Divorce Intervention Program: Fostering Children's Resilience through Group Support and Skill-Building. (Chapter 9 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Pedro-Carroll, JoAnne.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles the Children of Divorce Intervention Program (CODIP), an intervention designed to help children in grades kindergarten through 8th grade cope effectively with the many challenges and changes that occur when there is a divorce. The program seeks to reduce the stress of parental divorce by providing a supportive group environment and build competence by teaching specific coping skills. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as the curriculum, and program implementation. A treatment manual is then presented that includes instructions for conducting 15 sessions. 14 references.

Title: Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.
Author(s): LeCroy, Craig Winston.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This text reviews fifteen varied treatment manuals for treating children and adolescents and summarizes the research supporting each approach. An introductory chapter discusses issues in using treatment manuals and reviews current perspectives about treatment manuals. Following chapters are divided into three sections: major clinical disorders, social problems confronting children and teens, and preventive interventions. Profiled programs include: the Coping Power Program; a mentoring program for adolescent girls; the Sistas Informing, Healing, Living and Empowering program (SiHLE); social skills training; the Teen Anger Management Education (TAME) program; the Teens and Adults Learning to Communicate (TALK) program; manualized treatment for anxiety-based school refusal behavior in youth; the Children of Divorce Intervention Program (CODIP); a guided curriculum for children for discovering forgiveness; the Coping Cat Program; cognitive therapy intervention for adolescent suicide attempters; the Home Chip System; family treatment of anorexia nervosa; Strengths-Oriented Family Therapy (SOFT) for substance-involved teens and families; and Multiple Family Group treatment to reduce youth behavioral difficulties. Each chapter begins with an explanatory section that discusses the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of the profiled intervention. A treatment manual follows that explains program sessions with specific details about conducting the treatment that have refined and improved through extensive testing and research. Numerous references.

Title: Division of Unaccompanied Children's Services: Efforts to Serve Children.
Published: 2008
Available from: Office of Inspector General (HHS)
http://oig.hhs.gov/
Room 5541 Cohen Building
330 Independence Avenue, S.W.
Washington, DC 20201
Printable version (PDF): http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-07-06-00290.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the outcomes of a study that investigated the Division of Unaccompanied Children's Services' (DUCS) placement, care, and release of unaccompanied alien children. The study used four primary methods: analyses of placement and release and timeframes for children placed in DUCS-funded facilities during specific periods; a review of case files for 100 randomly selected children physically placed at DUCS-funded facilities from April 1 through September 30, 2006; structured interviews with directors and other key staff of the 22 facilities where at least 1 of the 100 randomly sampled children had been placed; and structured interviews with Federal field specialists, field coordinators, key officials in the DUCS central office, and officials from the voluntary agencies' central offices. Findings indicate most children appeared to be placed and released in accordance with the Flores Agreement that requires children be admitted to facilities within 3 to 5 days in most cases, be placed in the least restrictive setting appropriate, and be released without unnecessary delay. Additional findings indicate case files lacked documentation of care received, DUCS provides limited oversight of facilities, and no explicit agreement exists between federal departments regarding information exchange and post release activities. Recommendations are made and include enforcing documentation requirements to ensure that needs are assessed and care provided, enhancing and defining field staff roles in ongoing oversight, and establishing a memorandum of understanding between Health and Human Services and the Department of Homeland Security to clearly delineate the roles and responsibilities of each department.

Title: Case Management Optimization: Recommendations for Improving Texas Case Management Delivery.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/about_hhsc/reports/CaseManagement_Recommendations.pdf
Abstract: The Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) contracted with Navigant Consulting, Inc. for assistance in the optimization of the State's case management services. This report discusses recommendations for improving the delivery of case management services in Texas. The recommendations are based on professional experiences, findings related to an analysis of the current case management system in Texas, research into best practices and emerging trends in case management, and stakeholder input obtained through focus groups, interviews and surveys. Findings indicate the current system creates an environment where an individual may access the system at different points for different needs, may encounter duplicative intake processes, and may be involved with multiple case managers who lack sufficient tools to coordinate and communicate with each other. Key recommendations include: develop a common baseline service definition for "case management" across the systems and consider changing the term to "service coordination"; develop guidelines for a tiered qualification system and caseloads for case managers that link case manager qualifications to the consumer's need for levels of intensity and specialized interventions; develop a uniform protocol for initial screening, triage, referral as a basic tool to carry out improved case management responsibilities and reduce inefficiency and ineffectiveness in the system; integrate management information systems across the various departments to facilitate the sharing of data between departments and to standardize the collection and reporting of appropriate data for tracking and monitoring financial performance and outcomes measures; and develop a uniform reimbursement methodology. Additional recommendations are discussed for integrating case management services, and potential barriers and implications for the implementation of the recommendations are addressed. Numerous tables and 37 references.

Title: Case Management Optimization: Waiver Feasibility Assessment.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/about_hhsc/reports/CaseManagement_Waiver.pdf
Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of combining under a single 1115 or 1915(c) federal waiver, utilization management, case management, care coordination, high-cost targeting, provider incentives, and other quality and cost control measures implemented with respect to the Medicaid program. To determine the feasibility of using a federal waiver, Navigant Consulting considered the results of several earlier project tasks, including: a summary of best practices in case management used by other States and other payers; an analysis of current case management systems; a review of stakeholder comments on reports, stakeholders' surveys and focus groups results; and the development of recommendations to optimize case management activities. The study concluded that a waiver program to combine the services into a single program is neither feasible nor necessary to achieve key objectives. The case is made that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service (CMS) is unlikely to approve a cross-disability waiver and that even if such a waiver received federal approval, it would involve creating an organization that would be responsible for the consolidated activities and would require major systems changes and additional administrative burden. An initial integration of all health and human services enterprise case management and care coordination services is recommended to provide the Texas Health and Human Services Commission with a basis for further development and consolidation of other functions such as utilization management, provider incentive practices, and high-cost targeting. Background information on cost containment and quality practices as defined within the private and public sectors is provided, as well as information on federal regulations governing the 1115 and 1915(c) waivers and the scope of different waiver categories, the methodology of the study, and conclusions from the study.

Title: Case Management Optimization: Analysis of Current Case Management System.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/about_hhsc/reports/CaseManagement_Analysis.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the outcomes of a review and analysis of current health and human services enterprise case management services in Texas. The review included interviews with state staff and program managers and advocates, focus groups, and surveys of consumers and case management staff. In addition, program documents were reviewed, including program manuals, Medicaid State Plan amendments and waiver documents, as well as previous Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) reports. The report provides a summary of each HHS program providing case management services and findings related to key features of these programs. It also includes a summary of the major themes that emerged during focus groups with case managers and consumers, and results and analysis of the focus groups in the Stakeholder Involvement Report. Findings indicate: many of the case management programs reviewed define case management services differently; the lack of uniform data creates difficulty in comparing utilization, consumers of case management services, and expenditures across programs; there are variations in caseloads and qualifications for case managers or those who perform case management type functions across the departments; the level of coordination between programs, departments, and other organizations varies widely; geographic issues appear to primarily impact the services that case managers authorize for their clients; and consumers and case managers are both concerned about duplication in the areas of intake and assessment. The report concludes that the variation between case management services across programs serving similar populations may create inefficiencies for HHSC and create service difficulties for HHSC clients. In addition, there may be potential for confusion on the part of providers, State staff, and clients. Appendices present several tables that summarize programs in terms of expenditures and utilization. Additionally, appendices include summaries of the populations served, service providers and caseload.

Title: Case Management Optimization: Best Practices and Emerging Trends in Case Management.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/about_hhsc/reports/CaseManagement_BestPractices.pdf
Abstract: The Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) contracted with Navigant Consulting, Inc. for assistance in the optimization of the State's case management services. This report highlights best practices and emerging trends in case management in other States and the commercial sector for HHSC to consider. To identify best practices and emerging trends, a literature search was conducted that included case management organizations' websites, Federal and State reports and websites, as well as relevant journals. Professional experience and interviews with State representatives also informed the findings. Section 1 of the report discusses findings related to the definition of case management, Social Security Act provisions for case management, Deficit Reduction Act provisions for case management, case manager qualifications, outcomes, and payments for services. Section 2 discusses findings from public sector case management models, including single entry point systems, "no wrong door" systems, long-term care programs, and integrated funding models. The final section highlights best practices and emerging trends in private sector case management models and describes case management and care coordination, and the use of a consumer-driven approach. The implementation of the Texas Real Choice System Change grant, as well as the Texas ADRC project, is also discussed. 89 references.

Title: Medicaid's Buried Treasure for Juvenile Justice: Detention Center Creates a Clinic with Money You Think You Can't Get.
Author(s): Kelly, John.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Youth Today
v. 17, 4, April 2008, p. 1, 14-15
Available from: Youth Today
http://www.youthtoday.org
1200 17th St. NW, 4th Floor
Washington, DC 20036-3006
Abstract: This article highlights strategies the Bernalillo County Juvenile Detention Center in New Mexico has used to pay for and provide mental health services to youth through Medicaid funds. It discusses the development of a mental health clinic at the detention center, advocacy for the use of Medicaid funds, and the success of the center. Challenges to coping Bernalillo are explored and a checklist is provided.

Title: Recommendations for Improving Child Abuse and Neglect Data and Services for American Indian and Alaska Native Children.
Published: 2008
Available from: Indian Country Child Trauma Center (ICCTC)
http://www.icctc.org/
Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Native American Programs
PO Box 26901 - OUCP, 3B 3406
Oklahoma City, OK 73190
Printable version (PDF): http://www.icctc.org/NICWA%20report1.pdf
Abstract: This paper presents policy and research recommendations developed by the National Indian Child Welfare Association to address child abuse and neglect data and services for American Indian and Alaska Native children. Recommendations address: developing a mechanism for tribes to participate in a nationwide reporting system; promoting of research in Indian country to develop critical data regarding child abuse and neglect; bringing provisions of the Indian Child Protection and Family Violence Prevention under the Child Abuse and Prevention Treatment Act for purposes of appropriation and alignment of national policy; establishing access to core funding for tribal government to provide child abuse and neglect and other child welfare services; improving coordination among federal departments to support tribal prevention activities; and providing technical assistance and training in child protection.

Title: The Value of Adoption Subsidies: Helping Children Find Permanent Families.
Author(s): Freundlich, Madelyn.
Published: 2008
Available from: North American Council on Adoptable Children (NACAC)
http://www.nacac.org/
970 Raymond Avenue, Suite 106
St. Paul, MN 55114
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nacac.org/adoptionsubsidy/valueofsubsidies.pdf
Abstract: This report outlines: (1) how subsidies help children find and stay in permanent families, (2) how subsidies enable families to adopt; (3) how investing in supported adoption helps public agencies; and (4) reforms that are needed to expand adoption subsidies and better serve vulnerable children. (Author abstract)

Title: 2007 California Foster Youth Education Summit: Recommendations to Improve Foster Youth Education Success in California.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/4384A15C-9964-41C8-BCFF-32678D756AB5/1332/CAL_EdSummit_report_FINAL.pdf
Abstract: The California Foster Youth Education Task Force formed in 2004. It seeks to open channels of communication among foster parents, educators and education administrators, child welfare professionals, probation officers, judges, relatives, and foster youth themselves. The 2007 California Foster Youth Education Summit convened these entities to discuss issues that affect foster youth education in California. This report summarizes recommendations developed during the summit. (Author abstract)

Title: State Implementation of Evidence-Based Practice for Youth, Part 1: Responses to the State of the Evidence.
Author(s): Bruns, Eric J.;Hoagwood, Kimberly Eaton.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
v. 47, 4, p. 369-373
Available from: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
http://www.lww.com/
16522 Hunters Green Parkway
Hagerstown, MD 21740
Abstract: This article discusses efforts by States to implement evidence-based practices (EBP) for serving youth with serious mental health concerns. It begins by providing background information on States as leaders of EBP implementation efforts, then explains relevant theory and research on EBP, and finally describes approaches adopted by six States to implement EBP for children and adolescents. 35 references.

Title: Family Economic Security Profiles [Website].
Published: 2008
Available from: National Center for Children in Poverty
http://nccp.org
215 W. 125th Street, 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10027
Document available online at: http://www.nccp.org/profiles/fes.html?utm_source=NCCP+Update&utm_campaign=Update_5_20_085_20_2008&utm_medium=email
Abstract: NCCP's Family Economic Security Profiles provide state-specific data on low-income children and families and highlight state policy choices to promote work attachment and advancement, income adequacy, and asset development. (Author abstract)

Title: Strengthening Families Through Guardianship. Issue Brief.
Author(s): McCoy-Roth, Marci.;Freundlich, Madelyn.
Published: 2008
Available from: Pew Charitable Trusts
http://www.pewtrusts.org
1425 K Street NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20005-3674
Printable version (PDF): http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/Foster_care_reform/Kinship%20Guardianship%20Issue%20Brief%20April%202008.pdf
Abstract: This issue brief reviews the benefits of supported legal guardianship with a relative or another caring adult for children in foster care. It explains that guardianship gives legal rights to a child's caregiver so that he or she can take responsibility for a child's safekeeping and make decisions about education and health needs. The involvement of relatives in a child's life through guardianship is discussed, as well as the financial benefits of guardianship to States, tribes, and the federal government when a child's case is closed and the ongoing casework and supervision that is required when children remain in foster care ends. The brief also points out that although federal child welfare funds can be used to pay monthly stipends to children whose relatives become foster parents or to support children with special needs adopted from foster care, no equivalent federal support exists for children to exit foster care. The need for a federal subsidized guardianship program is advocated. 1 table and 13 references.

Title: How to Open and Sustain a Drop-In Center for Homeless Youth.
Author(s): Slesnick, Natasha.;Glassman, Michael.;Garren, Rikki.;Toviessi, Paula.;Bantchevska, Denitza.;Dashora, Pushpanjali.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 7, July 2008, p. 727-734
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Document available online at: http://www.sciencedirect.com
Abstract: Drop-in centers have the potential to facilitate engagement of homeless youth into treatment and back into the mainstream. However, little guidance was found in the literature regarding how to open and sustain a drop-in center for homeless youth. This paper offers such guidance, including information that may be useful for developing a change philosophy that guides the center structure, and for identifying a building and location conducive to facilitate activities and access for the youth. Guidance for structuring the drop-in center and for hiring and training staff is also offered. Since the U.S. suffers from a dearth of services for homeless youth, the direction offered in this paper may help guide those who seek to provide services to these vulnerable and underserved youth. (Author abstract)

Title: A Cognitive Therapy Intervention for Adolescent Suicide Attempters: An Empirically-Informed Treatment. (Chapter 12 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Berk, Michele S.;Brown, Gregory K.;Wenzel, Amy.;Henriques, Gregg R.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles an empirically-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for recent suicide attempters. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as evidence of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral treatment and the importance of parental involvement in treatment. A treatment manual is then presented that summarizes goals and activities for 10 sessions. 54 references.

Title: Fact Sheet: Vulnerable Young Children.
Author(s): Shaw, Evelyn.;Goode, Sue.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center
http://www.nectac.org/
517 S Greensboro Street
Carrboro, NC 27510
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nectac.org/~pdfs/pubs/factsheet_vulnerable.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet provides data on infants, toddlers and young children who are experiencing high stress as a result of a number of risk factors specifically identified in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA 2004), including substantiated abuse or neglect, foster care placement, homelessness, exposure to family violence and prenatal exposure to drugs or alcohol. We begin with a section highlighting a number of factors that have been found to maximize the likelihood of promoting positive outcomes for all vulnerable young children and their families. Subsequent sections provide data on specific populations of at risk children. (Author abstract)

Title: 2008 Kids Count Data Book: State Profiles of Child Well-Being.
Published: 2008
Available from: Annie E Casey Foundation
http://www.aecf.org/
701 St. Paul St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aecf.org/~/media/Pubs/Topics/Juvenile%20Justice/Detention%20Reform/2008KIDSCOUNTDataBookStateProfilesofChildWell/AEC178%202008KCDB.pdf
Abstract: This 19th annual KIDS COUNT Data Book provides national and state-by-state information and statistical trends on the conditions of America's children and families. This year, the KIDS COUNT Data Book essay, "A Road Map for Juvenile Justice Reform," looks at the nearly 100,000 youth confined to juvenile facilities on any given night in the United States, and what can be done to reduce unnecessary and inappropriate detention and incarceration and increase opportunities for positive youth development and community safety. (Author abstract)

Title: Integrating Evidence-Based Practices into CBCAP Programs: A Tool for Critical Discussions [Teleconference].
Published: 2008
Available from: FRIENDS National Resource Center For Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention
http://www.friendsnrc.org
Chapel Hill Training Outreach Project
800 Eastowne Drive
Suite 105
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Document available online at: http://www.friendsnrc.org/resources/teleconference.htm#dt
Abstract: The Discussion Tool is a new resource from FRIENDS that will assist Leads in working with their funded programs. This call discussed how the tool is used to guide programs through the process of integrating evidence-informed or evidence-based practices that are the best possible fit with their service population, mission and resources. Included were tips on how to get programs engaged in planning evidence-informed or evidence-based practices will be covered along with a question and answer period with FRIENDS staff. (Author abstract) Excerpts from tool available at http://www.friendsnrc.org/download/dtexcerpt1.pdf and http://www.friendsnrc.org/download/dtappendices.pdf.

Title: Cost-Effectiveness of Treatments for Adolescent Depression: Results From TADS.
Author(s): Domino, Marisa Elena.;Burns, Barbara J.;Silva, Susan G.;Kratochvil, Christopher J.;Vitiello, Benedetto.;Reinecke, Mark A.;Mario, Jeremy.;March, John S.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: American Journal of Psychiatry
v. 165, 5, May 2008, p. 588-596
Available from: American Psychiatric Association
http://www.psych.org/
1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825
Arlington, VA 22209-3901
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: While the evidence base for treatments for adolescent depression is building, little is known about the relative efficiency of such treatments. Treatment costs are a relevant concern given the competing demands on family and health care budgets. The authors evaluated the cost-effectiveness of three active treatments among adolescents with major depressive disorder. METHOD: Volunteers (N=439) ages 12 to 18 with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder participated in a randomized, controlled trial conducted at 13 U.S. academic and community clinics from 2000 to 2004. Subjects included those participants who did not drop out and had evaluable outcome and cost data at 12 weeks (N=369). Subjects were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either fluoxetine alone (10-40 mg/day), CBT alone, CBT combined with fluoxetine (10-40 mg/day), or placebo (equivalent to 10-40 mg/day). Both placebo and fluoxetine were administered double-blind; CBT alone and CBT in combination with fluoxetine were administered unblinded. Societal cost per unit of improvement on the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised and cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) were compared. RESULTS: Results ranged from an incremental cost over placebo of $24,000 per QALY for treatment with fluoxetine to $123,000 per QALY for combination therapy treatment. The cost-effectiveness ratio for CBT treatment was not evaluable due to negative clinical effects. The models were robust on a variety of assumptions. CONCLUSIONS: Both fluoxetine and combination therapy are at least as cost-effective in the short-term as other treatments commonly used in primary care (using a threshold of $125,000/QALY). Fluoxetine is more cost-effective than combination therapy after 12 weeks of treatment. (Author abstract)

Title: Children of Incarcerated Parents Fact Sheet.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/E6E7E656-7FB0-4DE7-B99B-2A7EBB09098A/664/ChildrenofincarceratedfactsheetKE.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet provides statistical information in the areas of adult incarceration, the affect of incarcerated parents on children and families left behind, and the affect upon children and youth with respect to foster care. (Author abstract)

Title: The Adoption and Implementation of an Evidence Based Practice in Child and Family Mental Health Services Organizations: A Pilot Study of Functional Family Therapy in New York State.
Author(s): Zazzali, James L.;Sherbourne, Cathy.;Hoagwood, Kimberly Eaton.;Greene, Deborah.;Bigley, Michael F.;Sexton, Thomas L.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research
v. 35, 1-2, March 2008, p. 38-49
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Numerous challenges persist in providing evidence-based treatments to children and families in community-based settings. Functional Family Therapy (FFT), one such evidence-based treatment, is a family prevention and intervention program for adolescents with conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder. This paper presents pilot data in support of a conceptual framework explaining the adoption and implementation of FFT in a small sample of family and child mental health services organizations in New York State. The conceptual framework is grounded in the diffusion of innovations and the organizational behavior literatures, as well as previously published accounts of the adoption and implementation of evidence-based treatments in mental health. Pilot study data demonstrated that factors associated with the adoption of FFT included: The program fitting with the mission of the organization, as well as the organization having a strong interest in evidence-based treatments. Once a decision to adopt FFT was made, the degree to which it fit with organizational characteristics (e.g., available resource sets, organizational structure, and culture) influenced the ease with which it was implemented. Implications for the adoption and implementation of other evidence-based treatments are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Updated Trends in Child Maltreatment, 2006.
Author(s): Finkelhor, David.;Jones, Lisa.
Published: 2008
Available from: Crimes Against Children Research Center
http://www.unh.edu/ccrc/
University of New Hampshire
20 College Rd.
#126 Horton Social Science Center
Durham, NH 03824
Printable version (PDF): http://www.unh.edu/ccrc/pdf/Updated%20Trends%20in%20Child%20Maltreatment%20bulletin_FINAL_4-15-08.pdf
Abstract: This report provides a chart and graph illustrating new data released by the federal government that indicate continuing national declines in sexual and physical abuse in 2006, but no decline in neglect. The data come from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), which aggregates and publishes statistics from State child protection agencies. The most recent data from NCCANDS were released in April, 2008 and concern cases of child maltreatment investigated in 2006. The statistics in Table 1 show substantiated cases of sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect by State for 2005-2006 and for 1992-2006. The line graph shows rates of child sexual and physical abuse and child neglect by State per 10,000 children and youth. 1 table, 1 figure, and 4 references.

Title: Creating a State Strategic Plan for Integrating Services for Children using Multiple Qualitative Methods.
Author(s): Wayne, Wendy.;Alkon, Abbey.;Buchanan, Ellen.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Maternal and Child Health Journal
v. 12, 1, January 2008, p. 15-23
Abstract: Objective To develop a statewide strategic plan for California's State Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems (SECCS) project using a multi-method qualitative study design.Methods A qualitative study was conducted over 14 months with participants throughout California, including administrators, policy makers, service providers, parents, and statewide administrators. Data collection procedures included interviews, focus groups, a computer-based Delphi study, and meetings of a steering committee.Results Results were compiled using a triangulation method to identify common themes across the 122 interviews, 24 focus groups with 910 participants, a Delphi study with 14 participants, and discussion with a 20-member interdisciplinary steering committee. The steering committee, comprised of experts in the fields of early education, health, mental health, parent education and family support, participated in the Delphi study. The common themes which led to the formulation of California's SECCS strategic plan were providing a single point of entry into the system, providing a statewide referral network, integrating funding sources to remove silos of funding, and locating comprehensive services with multidisciplinary teams together.Conclusions California's SECCS strategic plan addressed the needs of children from birth through 5 years of age in California and provided goals for how statewide systems can improve access to and quality of services for these children. (Author abstract)

Title: Prevalence of Developmental Delays and Participation in Early Intervention Services for Young Children.
Author(s): Rosenberg, Steven A.;Zhang, Duan.;Robinson, Cordelia C.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Pediatrics
v. 121, 6, June 2008, p. e1503-e1509
Available from: American Academy of Pediatrics
http://www.aap.org
141 Northwest Point Boulevard
Elk Grove, IL 60007-1098
Document available online at: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/6/e1503?etoc
Printable version (PDF): http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/121/6/e1503
Abstract: OBJECTIVES. The objective of this study was to use a nationally representative longitudinal sample of children born in the United States in 2001 to estimate rates of eligibility for Part C early intervention, to estimate rates of access to services for developmental delays, and to examine factors that are associated with access to services. METHODS. Data for this study were collected as part of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, which obtained data from participants when children were 9 and 24 months of age. Descriptive analyses were used to generate national estimates of the prevalence of developmental delays that would make children eligible for Part C services and rates of participation in early intervention services. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine whether child developmental delay, race, insurance availability, and poverty status were associated with the probability of receiving services. RESULTS. Results indicated that ~13% of children in the sample had developmental delays that would make them eligible for Part C early intervention. At 24 months, only 10% of children with delays received services. Children with developmental delays were more likely to receive services than those who do not have delays; black children were less likely to receive services than children from other ethnic and racial groups. CONCLUSIONS. The prevalence of developmental delays that make children eligible for Part C services is much higher than previously thought. Moreover, the majority of children who are eligible for Part C services are not receiving services for their developmental problems. Strategies need to be developed to monitor patterns of enrollment in early intervention services and reach out to more minority children, particularly black children. (Author abstract)

Title: The Epidemiology of Child Maltreatment. (Chapter 1 in Child Welfare Research: Advances for Practice and Policy.)
Author(s): Trocme, Nico
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oup.com/us/
198 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10016-4314
Abstract: This chapter reviews the definition of child maltreatment, the incidence of child protective services investigated maltreatment, characteristics of victims of child maltreatment, and child maltreatment trends in the United States and Canada. Statistics are provided on the severity of the injuries and fatalities, and the implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed. 2 figures, 5 tables, and 30 references.

Title: Building Systems of Care to Improve Child Welfare Outcomes [Teleconference].
Published: 2008
Available from: National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement.
http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/
Muskie School-USM
P.O. Box 15010
400 Congress Street
Portland, ME 04112-5010
Document available online at: http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/tele.htm#june3
Abstract: This teleconference explores the value of systems of care for child welfare and highlights a new resource available to enhance the capacity of leaders to build these systems. Systems of care involve fundamental shifts similar to the changes that are part of many system reform efforts and central to the child and family services review process -- towards coordinated, family-centered, strengths based, and individualized services for children, youth and families. Efforts to implement these reforms through the leadership of a State child welfare system are discussed, and presenters highlight the components of the new curriculum Primer Hands On - Child Welfare: Training for Child Welfare Stakeholders in Building Systems of Care. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Discovering Forgiveness: A Guided Curriculum for Children ages 6-8. (Chapter 10 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Enright, Robert D.;Enright, Jeanette Knutson.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles a program designed to introduce children to the basics of forgiveness, including the principles of inherent worth, moral love, kindness, respect, and generosity. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as the research supporting forgiveness as an intervention, and the program curriculum. A treatment manual is then presented that includes instructions for conducting 15 sessions. 14 references.

Title: Service Array Materials and Tools [Website].
Published: 2008
Available from: National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement.
http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/
Muskie School-USM
P.O. Box 15010
400 Congress Street
Portland, ME 04112-5010
Document available online at: http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/servicearray.htm
Abstract: The National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement (NRCOI) and the National Resource Center for Child Welfare Data and Technology (NRCCWDT) together offer a process and a set of tools child welfare agencies can use in conjunction with community stakeholders to assess and enhance their child and family service array. The documents on this website provide an overview description of the process, and include the actual tools and materials to guide the process, assess the service array, report on the results, and prepare and implement a Resource and Capacity Development Plan. (Author abstract)

Title: Strengths-Oriented Family Therapy (SOFT): A Manual Guided Treatment for Substance-Involved Teens and Families. (Chapter 15 in Handbook of Evidence-Based Treatment Manuals for Children and Adolescents. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Hall, James A.;Smith, Douglas C.;Williams, Julie K.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter profiles the Strengths-Oriented Family Therapy (SOFT) program, a treatment program that blends solution-focused therapy, skills training approaches, and case management approaches into a comprehensive outpatient program for adolescents who abuse substances. The rationale and development of the program is discussed, as well as components of SOFT and the research base for each of the components. A treatment manual is then presented that summarizes goals and activities for 7 sessions. 7 tables and 47 references.

Title: Ready to Succeed: Changing Systems to Give California's Foster Children the Opportunities They Deserve to be Ready for and Succeed in School: Recommendations and Implementation Strategies from The California Education Collaborative for Children in Foster Care.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning
http://www.cftl.org/
133 Mission Street, Suite 220
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cftl.org/documents/2008/FCfullreport.pdf
Abstract: The California Education Collaborative for Children in Foster Care was convened by the Stuart Foundation specifically to identify and address ways that the child welfare, education, court systems, and caregivers can create a framework to partner with the many dedicated professionals working within these systems to do better by the foster children in their care. This report describes the Collaborative's charge and products, briefly summarizes some of the relevant research that the group considered in developing its recommendations, and identifies specific recommendations in three areas: school readiness, school success, and data sharing. A final section identifies some strategies and implications for implementing the Collaborative's recommendations, which were presented and discussed at a forum on educating foster youth in Sacramento in January 2008. (Author abstract)

Title: Building Bridges to Evidence-based Practice: The MacArthur Foundation Child System and Treatment Enhancement Projects (Child STEPs).
Author(s): Schoenwald, Sonja K.;Kelleher, Kelly.;Weisz, John R.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research
v. 35, 1-2, March 2008, p. 66-72
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: The papers in this special issue describe research undertaken by the MacArthur Foundation-funded Research Network on Youth Mental Health. The project is designed to understand the challenges of implementing evidence-based treatments in community-based mental health practices. This Introduction and the following articles describe the impetus and conceptual framework underlying one cluster of the Network's activity -- i.e., the Clinic Systems Project (CSP). The CSP studies examined the organizational and service system environments in a large national sample of community mental health and affiliated organizations that provide services to children. The main goal is to identify leverage points for, and barriers to, the adoption and implementation of evidence-based practices for children. (Author abstract)

Title: Understanding Child Maltreatment.
Published: 2008
Available from: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov
1600 Clifton Rd.
Atlanta, GA 30333
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/pub-res/CMFactsheet.pdf
Abstract: This 2-page fact sheet provides a basic overview of child maltreatment. It is intended for the general public.

Title: Partnering with the Private and Philanthropic Sectors: A Governor's Guide to Investing in Early Childhood.
Author(s): Daily, Sarah.;Lovejoy, Anna.;Lombardi, Joan.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Governors Association
http://www.nga.org/
Hall of the States, 444 N. Capitol Street
Washington,, DC 20001-1512
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nga.org/Files/pdf/0806PARTNERINGEDUCATION.PDF
Abstract: This publication provides a roadmap for governors to leverage the resources and expertise of the private and philanthropic sectors in furthering early childhood programs and services in their states. (Author abstract)

Title: Systemic Reform: Using the System of Care Approach.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Welfare Matters
Spring/Summer 2008,
Available from: National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement.
http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/
Muskie School-USM
P.O. Box 15010
400 Congress Street
Portland, ME 04112-5010
Printable version (PDF): http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/helpkids/rcpdfs/cwmatters7.pdf
Abstract: This issue of Child Welfare Matters explores the system of care approach and its value in promoting systemic reform in child welfare. The issue provides some basic information on systems of care -- what they are, why agencies should consider this approach, and steps to build these systems. We include interviews with child welfare leaders who are using systems of care, and highlight resources and technical assistance that can help agencies move forward to improve their systems.

Title: Ohio Children in Planned Permanent Living Arrangements: Trends and Outcomes.
Published: 2007
Available from: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
http://jfs.ohio.gov/
30 E. Broad Street, 32nd Floor

Columbus, OH 43215
Printable version (PDF): http://jfs.ohio.gov/ocf/PPLAReportJune2007_final.pdf
Abstract: The purpose of this report is to examine one of the dispositions for children in foster care that is somewhat overlooked but significant in terms of the number of children involved: planned permanent living arrangements (PPLA). The report provides the legal context for sanctioning this position and then examines children in Ohio who have been in PPLA over the past three years to see how they got there and their outcomes. (Author abstract)

Title: Immigrant Children in Nevada.
Author(s): Daneshvary, Rennae.
Published: 2007
Available from: Nevada KIDS COUNT
http://kidscount.unlv.edu/
4505 Maryland Pkwy, Box 456002
Las Vegas, NV 89154-6002
Printable version (PDF): http://kidscount.unlv.edu/2007/immigrantchildren.pdf
Abstract: This issue brief presents data on immigrants in Nevada and in Clark County (Nevada's largest county); discusses issues related to low-income immigrant children; and considers policies that could help improve the welfare of low-income immigrants in our state. (Author abstract)

Title: Holding a Youth Permanency Convening in Your Area.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Connections Count
v. 1, June-July 2007, 2 html pages
Available from: Casey Family Services
http://www.caseyfamilyservices.org/
127 Church Street
New Haven, CT 06510
Document available online at: http://www.caseyfamilyservices.org/enewsletter/permanency_convening.html
Abstract: This brief explains the difference between a convening and a conference and identifies key considerations for permanency convenings that bring together child welfare leaders, legislative and judicial decision makers, thought leaders, youth and families, and people who work on the front lines. Considerations include: determining who the audience is, including those who don't think permanence is possible, including the voices of youth and families, determining funding and timing, evaluating the convening, and finding the resources for planning a convening.

Title: How Judges Can Build Multidisciplinary Collaborations to Benefit Children and Families (Briefing Article in Future Trends in State Courts 2007).
Author(s): Townsend, Sharon S.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center for State Courts
http://www.ncsconline.org/
300 Newport Avenue
Williamsburg, VA 23185-4147
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsconline.org/WC/Publications/Trends/2007/FamJusTrends2007.pdf
Abstract: This article discusses how successful systemic change has resulted from multidisciplinary collaborations with the court system through strong judicial leadership, inclusion of governmental and community stakeholders, and development of sustained trust between stakeholders. (Author abstract)

Title: Evaluation Brief: Program Evaluation and Research Ethics.
Published: 2007
Available from: James Bell Associates
http://www.jbassoc.com/
1001 19th Street, North Suite 1500
Arlington, VA 22209
Abstract: This brief explains the meaning of informed consent to participate in a study or have one's child participated in a study. Requirements for obtaining informed consent for institutionally sponsored research are discussed, as well as active versus passive consent by parents of children involved in research, definitions of confidentiality and anonymity, and strategies for maintaining confidentiality when collecting, accessing, storing, and reporting data. 2 references.

Title: Identifying and Meeting the Needs of Children and Adolescents Exposed to Domestic Violence. Final Report.
Author(s): Hagan, Melissa.;Groves, Betsy McAlister.;Goldfarb, Susan.;O'Connor, Elizabeth.
Published: 2007
Available from: Child Witness to Violence Project (CWVP)
http://www.childwitnesstoviolence.org/
Boston Medical Center
91 East Concord Street, 5th Floor
Boston, MA 02118
Printable version (PDF): http://www.childwitnesstoviolence.org/SBF_Report_Final_May2007.pdf
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and outcomes of a federally funded a two-year effort to design and implement a community needs assessment targeting the availability and delivery of services to children and adolescents exposed to domestic violence (CEDV) in Suffolk County, Massachusetts. The Suffolk County Safe and Bright Futures for Children Project (The SBF Project), sought to identify ways to improve the current response and coordination of care among the various systems serving CEDV. Designed and directed by a four-person Leadership Team, consisting of the directors of the two lead agencies, the full-time SBF Project Coordinator, and an independent strategic planning consultant, the process was informed by continual feedback from more than 30 community stakeholders. The project assessed the service needs of CEDV and opportunities to increase and enhance the capacity of systems to meet those needs. This report reviews the effects of domestic violence exposure on children and adolescents, best practices for addressing the impact of domestic violence, and the goals and methodology of The SBF Project. It then provides a detailed overview of the findings from the needs assessment for seven service delivery settings: hospitals and community health centers, early education and day care, schools, law enforcement, courts, government-administered social services, and specialized services (including cross-sector programs, domestic violence shelters, and community-based child witness programs. For each service setting, the potential role providers might play in a system of care for children exposed to domestic violence is described, as well as what is offered now in terms of responding to CEDV needs, the gaps in this response, and the opportunities available to improve services to this population. 3 figures and 65 references.

Title: New Jersey Immigrant Kids Count 2007: A Profile of Child Well-Being.
Published: 2007
Available from: Association for Children of New Jersey
http://www.acnj.org/
35 Halsey Street
Newark, NJ 07102
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acnj.org/admin.asp?uri=2081&action=15&di=1151&ext=pdf&view=yes
Abstract: This is a profile of the well-being of children in immigrant families in New Jersey. Immigrant families as defined in this report have at least one foreign-born member. As this report shows, children in immigrant families account for 30 percent -- nearly a third -- of all New Jersey children. Close to 90 percent of children in immigrant families are citizens. This report is divided into three parts. The first focuses on children in immigrant families, the second on immigrant individuals, and the third compares New Jersey immigrant families to immigrant families nationally. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Working With Undocumented and Mixed Status Immigrant Children and Families.
Published: 2007
Available from: Corinne Wolfe Children's Law Center
http://ipl.unm.edu/childlaw/
Institute of Public Law
University of New Mexico School of Law
1117 Stanford Avenue NE

Albuquerque, NM 87131
Printable version (PDF): http://ipl.unm.edu/childlaw/docs/0706/Undocumented-MixedStatusImmigrantChildrenandFamilies.pdf
Abstract: This bulletin notes the increasing number of undocumented and mixed status immigrant children and families and the challenges facing these families when working with the child welfare system. Current law governing services to undocumented immigrant children is explained and best practices for working with undocumented immigrant families are recommended. The process for obtaining Special Immigrant Juvenile Status for undocumented children is also described, as well as Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) and U or T Non-Immigrant Visas, and the different types of immigration status. The bulletin then discusses the roles of the judge, caseworker, court advocate, attorneys, CASA volunteer, and Citizen Review Board member in providing services to undocumented and mixed status immigrant children and families.

Title: Ten Steps to Planning a Youth Permanency Convening.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Connections Count
v. 1, June-July 2007, Related Resources
Available from: Casey Family Services
http://www.caseyfamilyservices.org/
127 Church Street
New Haven, CT 06510
Printable version (PDF): http://www.caseyfamilyservices.org/enewsletter/pdfs/ten_steps_convening-1.pdf
Abstract: Many successful convenings bring together teams for action planning and peer-to-peer learning to advance systems reform. Here are 10 steps to guide that work in your jurisdiction.

Title: A Snapshot of Children on the Arizona Border.
Published: 2007
Available from: Annie E Casey Foundation
http://www.aecf.org/
701 St. Paul St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
Document available online at: http://www.aecf.org/KnowledgeCenter/Publications.aspx?pubguid=%7B6FB76D23-E22B-40A0-8EBE-C6EBADA24F3A%7D
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aecf.org/upload/publicationfiles/sw3622h38.pdf
Abstract: This brief provides statistics on children in Arizona. It briefly discusses gaps in economic, educational, and social well-being. It also provides some recommendations as to how to improve the outreach of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) initiative, health of the Arizona's children, linkage to services, and family strengthening. (Author abstract)

Title: Evaluating the Capacity of Faith-Based Programs in Colorado.
Author(s): Leake, Robin.;Green, Sheridan.;Marquez, Christine.;Vanderburg, Janine.;Guillaume, Sara.;Gardner, Veronica A.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Research on Social Work Practice
v. 17, 2, March 2007, p. 216-228
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Organizational capacity refers to the ability of nonprofit organizations to fulfill their missions in an effective manner. Through the JVA Consulting Colorado Compassion Initiative, a comprehensive, capacity-building program was developed and provided for faith- and community-based organizations. This study examined faith-based organizations' capacity gains after participating in a targeted capacity-building intervention. A comprehensive tool to assess organizations' levels of capacity was developed specifically for the study. Members of 44 faith-based and 46 community-based organizations across Colorado were interviewed and assessed using the new instrument at baseline and 15-month follow-up. The study demonstrated that targeted technical assistance predicted improvements in organizational capacity. Faith-based organizations showed significant improvements in almost all areas of capacity. In addition, comparisons between faith- and community-based organizations showed few differences in capacity gains. (Author abstract)

Title: Children with Sexual Behavior Problems: Family-Based, Attachment-Focused Therapy.
Author(s): Friedrich, William N.
Published: 2007
Available from: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
http://www.wwnorton.com/
500 Fifth Ave.
New York, NY 10110
Abstract: This text offers a research-based method for assessment, diagnosis, and intervention with children with sexual behavior problems. An Assessment and Treatment manual is provided that outlines 16 therapy sessions for working with children who exhibit inappropriate sexual behavior. The book begins by summarizing what is known about children with sexual behaviors, including the prevalence of prior sexual abuse, demographic and abuse features that predispose children to exhibit sexual problems, comorbid behavior problems, and factors that potentiate the likelihood of sexual behavior problems. An integrative model for understanding the emergence of sexually problematic behaviors is offered. Chapter 2 explores the essential role of attachment-based family treatment for children with sexual behavior problems. It provides an overview of attachment theory and explores how attachment security dictates relational quality and is affected by parental histories of maltreatment and parental psychopathology. The following chapter examines the role of family sexuality in sexual behavior problems, and Chapter 4 reviews the goals of screening for children with sexual behavior problems, screening batteries, and goal setting. Chapter 5 discusses Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) as an attachment-based intervention, limitations with PCIT, and problems with attachment therapy. The final chapter in this part explains strategies for individual therapy for children with sexual behavior problems. Best practices for providing support for insecurely attached children are provided, as well as suggested treatment approaches for children ages preschool to age 7, children ages 8-10, and children ages 11-12. Part 2 of the book includes the Assessment and Treatment Manual. This manual describes a treatment protocol for 3- to 12-year old children who exhibit sexualized behavior that warrants intervention. Information is provided on the components of the protocol and instructions are given for conducting 16 sessions. The aims of each session, specific activities, key questions to ask the child, and materials needed to conduct the session are provided. Assessment and treatment forms are also included. Numerous references.

Title: [Transitioning Youth Services Report].
Published: 2007
Available from: Legal Center for Foster Care and Education
http://www.abanet.org/child/education/home.shtml
American Bar Association, Center on Children and the Law
740 15th Street, NW.
Washington, DC 20005
Document available online at: http://www.abanet.org/child/education/Transitional%5fServices%5fReport.doc
Abstract: This resolution from the American Bar Association calls for the amendment of federal law, State law, and court and child welfare practices to promote comprehensive support and services for youth who age out of foster care and other current and former foster youth, and encourages federal, territorial, State, and local bar associations, judges, and attorneys to aid these efforts. Strategies professionals can implement to ensure appropriate services to transitioning youth are listed, and recommendations for federal legislation are provided. Recommended reforms include: mandating provision of post-majority child welfare services to transitioning and former foster youth until at least age 21, and older (with the option of renewal of support after exit from foster care) where appropriate; ensuring that each transitioning youth has a permanent, significant connection to a trusted adult; and instituting effective supports and accountability measures to assist transitioning and former foster youth. A background report discusses the challenges faced by transitioning youth, and research findings on the outcomes of transitioning youth are shared. The need to ensure access to postsecondary education, housing assistance, and allow youth to participate in permanency planning and decision-making is emphasized. 98 references.

Title: Applying the RE-AIM Framework to Assess the Public Health Impact of Policy Change.
Author(s): Jilcott, Stephanie.;Ammerman, Alice.;Sommers, Janice.;Glasgow, Russell E.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Annals of Behavioral Medicine
v. 34, 1, p. 105-114
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Planning and evaluation models have been developed to assess the public health impact of health promotion interventions. However, few have been applied to health policies. There is an important need for models to help design and evaluate health policies.
Methods: This article applies the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) planning and evaluation framework to health policies. We provide definitions and application examples for different policies.
Results: As demonstrated by a case study, the RE-AIM dimensions and definitions can also apply to policies. Considerations regarding compliance and enforcement are presented to clarify the complex implementation dimension.
Conclusions: The RE-AIM framework can be useful in estimating public health impact, comparing different health policies, planning policies designed for increased likelihood of success, and identifying areas for integration of policies with other health promotion strategies. (Author abstract)

Title: Monitoring Report of the Technical Assistance Committee in the Case of Brian A. v. Bredesen, January 19, 2006.
Author(s): Cohen, Steven D.;Lapsley, Carolyn.;Meltzer, Judy.;Shookhoff, Andy.;Vincent, Paul.
Published: 2006
Available from: Vanderbilt Child and Family Policy Center
http://www.vanderbilt.edu/VIPPS/C&FPC/
1207 18th Avenue South
Nashville, TN 37212
Printable version (PDF): http://www.vanderbilt.edu/VIPPS/C&FPC/TAC/Tennessee%20Monitoring%20Report%20Jan%2019%20%2006.pdf
Abstract: This report was prepared by the Technical Assistance Committee pursuant to the provisions of the orders entered in Brian A. v. Bredesen, Civ. Act. No. 3:00-0445 (Fed. Dist. Ct., M.D. Tenn), a civil rights class action brought on behalf of children in the custody of the Tennessee Department of Children's Services. The "Brian A. class" includes all children placed in state custody either: (a) because they were abused or neglected; or (b) because they engaged in non-criminal misbehavior (truancy, running away from home, parental disobedience, violation of a "valid court order," or other "unruly child" offenses). The Brian A. Settlement Agreement (Settlement Agreement) entered on July 27, 2001 requires improvements in the operations of the Tennessee Department of Children's Services (DCS) and establishes the outcomes to be achieved by the State of Tennessee on behalf of children in custody and their families. The Settlement Agreement established the Technical Assistance Committee (TAC), consisting of five experts in the child welfare field and selected by agreement of the parties, to serve as a resource to the Department in the development and implementation of its reform effort. The TAC was envisioned as a way of making available to DCS the range of expertise and assistance that was perceived by the parties as necessary to ensure that the reform would be successful. The primary function of the TAC was and continues to be to advise and assist DCS in its efforts to design, implement, and evaluate improvements required by the Settlement Agreement. In addition, there are certain areas in which the Settlement Agreement gives the TAC responsibility for making recommendations, which the Department is then required to implement. Under the terms of the Stipulation of Settlement of Contempt Motion (Stipulation) entered by the Federal District Court on December 30, 2003, the TAC also assumed responsibility for assisting the Department in developing an implementation plan and monitoring the Department's performance both under that plan and under the original agreement for a twenty-six month period beginning January 1, 2004. The Path to Excellence, the implementation plan developed by DCS in accordance with the Stipulation, was approved by the Court on August 19, 2004. The Stipulation also required the TAC to develop a monitoring plan. The monitoring plan, which was finalized and submitted to the parties on October 19, 2004, calls for the TAC to issue at least three monitoring reports between August 2004 and February 2006. The TAC issued the first report, covering the first six-month period following the approval of the Path to Excellence, in April 2005. This second monitoring report covers subsequent DCS activity through November 2005.

Title: Emerging Responses to Children Exposed to Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Edleson, Jeffrey L.;Nissley, Barbara A.
Published: 2006
Available from: Greenbook Initiative
http://thegreenbook.ncjfcj.org/
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
Family Violence Department
P.O. Box 8970
Reno, NV 89507
Printable version (PDF): http://www.thegreenbook.info/documents/AR_ChildrensExposure.pdf
Abstract: Public attention to the effects of children's exposure to adult domestic violence has increased over the last decade. This attention focuses on both the impact of the exposure on children's development and on the likelihood that exposed children may be at greater risk for becoming either a child victim of physical or sexual abuse or an adult perpetrator of domestic violence. New research, policies, and programs focused on these children have resulted. These new efforts are reviewed in this document and an argument is made that the diversity of children's experiences requires equally diverse responses from our communities. (Author abstract)

Title: Accountability in Early Childhood: No Easy Answers.
Author(s): Meisels, Samuel J.
Published: 2006
Available from: FPG Child Development Institute
http://www.fpg.unc.edu/
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 8180
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8180
Printable version (PDF): http://www.fpg.unc.edu/~eco/pdfs/opmeisels2006.pdf
Abstract: In this paper, written as a chapter in the forthcoming School Readiness, Early Learning, and the Transition to Kindergarten (R.C. Pianta et al., Eds.), Samuel J. Meisels examines the genesis of accountability testing in preschool and refutes the quality-assurance, production-model assumptions that underlie its use with young children. Citing the best available research, he summarizes the arguments against such testing in early childhood: the practical problems of measuring the developmentally unreliable; unintended but real consequences for teaching and learning; the failure of such tests to account for tremendous differences across the preschool population in prior opportunities to learn; and the demonstrably weak association between academic/cognitive measures in preschool and like measures in first and second grade. Meisels goes on to examine how each of these facts or circumstances contributed to the failure of Head Start's National Reporting System, one of the largest-scale examples of early childhood accountability testing to date. Finally, Meisels takes up the question of how to measure program effectiveness and program quality. He argues for program evaluation: collecting data on structural and dynamic characteristics of programs (child-staff ratios, staff training, developmentally appropriate practice, positive interaction between children and staff, parental involvement, etc.), key demographic variables, and finally, programs' impact on children. To measure the latter, Meisels proposes creating an assessment based on item response theory (IRT), using a metric that describes childrens' relative position on a developmental path. Such an assessment will not only indicate whether children are learning. It will enable the analysis of program elements, pedagogical techniques, and child outcomes to determine whether particular aspects of a program or child and family background are more or less strongly associated with child outcomes. (Author abstract)

Title: It Takes a Village: Mobilizing Urban Communities for Improved Child Welfare Services. (Chapter 12 in Children in the Urban Environment: Linking Social Policy and Clinical Practice. 2nd ed.)
Author(s): Rivera, Hilda.;Burghardt, Stephen.
Published: 2006
Available from: Charles C Thomas Publisher, Ltd.
http://www.ccthomas.com
2600 South First Street
Springfield, IL 62704
Abstract: This chapter discusses the meaning of community as it relates to child welfare policy and practice, and provides recommendations for how social workers can mobilize urban communities and promote their involvement in achieving family stability and permanency planning. The use of coalitions as an example of community approaches to child welfare services is described. 27 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Homeless Service Delivery in the Context of Continuum of Care.
Author(s): Wong, Yin-Ling Irene.;Park, Jung Min.;Nemon, Howard.
Published: 2006
Journal Name: Administration in Social Work.
v. 30, 1, 2006, p. 67-94
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Emergency shelters, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing are distinct programmatic responses to address the housing and service needs of the homeless population under the Continuum of Care (CoC) model for homeless service delivery. Using organizational level data collected from a multi-site survey of 300 homeless residential programs in 14 communities, this study examines the extent to which operationalization of these programs is in accordance with the CoC model. Findings suggest consistency with as well as deviation from the CoC model in the operationalization of homeless residential programs. Recommendations are provided for local community service planning and development that can assure effective delivery of services for meeting the needs of homeless people. (Author abstract)

Title: Work over Welfare: The Inside Story of the 1996 Welfare Reform Law.
Author(s): Haskins, Ron.
Published: 2006
Available from: Brookings Institution
http://www.brookings.edu
1775 Massachusetts Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20036
Abstract: This book documents the enactment of legislation in 1996 that replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program, a program that required work, penalized States that did not require welfare recipients to work and individuals who refused to work, rewarded States that helped parents leave welfare for work, and set a time limit on the duration individuals could receive welfare. It begins by tracing the history of welfare legislation and reform efforts. Chapter 2 explains how Republicans developed many of the welfare reform ideas that provided raw material for the bill that was eventually introduced, and Chapter 3 discusses the uniting of Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives behind radical reforms. Chapters 4 and 5 describe the Contract with America put forth by House Republicans, the 1994 election that put Republicans in the majority, and the impact on welfare reform efforts. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 describe the battles in the U.S. House of Representatives over welfare reform that took place in hearings, during mark-ups, and on the floor. Chapter 10 discusses negotiations in the Senate, proposed reforms in the Supplemental Security Income program, and the derailment of welfare reform talks because of the budget reconciliation bill. Chapter 11 describes President Clinton's veto of the welfare reform bill and Chapter 12 explains how the State Governors revived welfare reform efforts. Threats to the reform revolution are addressed in Chapter 13, and Chapter 14 recounts President Clinton's signing of the bill into law. The final chapter reviews the accomplishments of the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program, including the rise in earnings and the decline in welfare dependency and child poverty. Challenges that remain in addressing poverty in the United States are also discussed. An appendix reviews the major reforms in the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. Numerous references.

Title: Partners for Enhancing Adoption Connections and Effectiveness: Quality Improvement Center on Adoption: Practitioner Perspectives.
Published: 2006
Available from: Adoption Professionals' Resource
http://www.bestadoptva.org/
Richmond Campus & Richmond Regional Center
3900 West Broad Street
Richmond, VA 23230
Document available online at: http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20060927143231-1984.doc
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and outcomes of Partners for Enhancing Adoption Connections and Effectiveness (P.E.A.C.E.), one of three projects funded through the Children's Bureau Quality Improvement Center on Adoption (QICA) and awarded to United Methodist Family Services of Virginia (UMFS). The purpose of the P.E.A.C.E. project was to implement and study the success model of adoption characterized by three major components: public-private partnerships, adoption staff specialization, and the utilization of evidence-based practices for recruitment, assessment, pre-placement preparation and post placement support. The partnership consisted of four public partners, Goochland County, Henrico County, James City County, and Petersburg departments of social services, and the three private partners, Community Linkages, Inc., Lutheran Family Services of Virginia, and Virginia One Church One Child. The lead agency for the project was Virginia One Church One Child, a statewide adoption education and recruitment program. This report describes the development of the partnership, operational features, outcomes from partnering, staff specialization implemented by the private partners, and changes in adoption practices brought about by P.E.A.C.E. Lessons learned about forming and maintaining public-private partnerships are also shared. The report concludes that the P.E.A.C.E. partnership was able to increase adoptions and to provide adoption services to children usually considered to be unadoptable. 10 references.

Title: Practitioner Perspectives / Piedmont Adoption Coalition (PAC).
Author(s): Barr, Janet.
Published: 2006
Available from: Adoption Professionals' Resource
http://www.bestadoptva.org/
Richmond Campus & Richmond Regional Center
3900 West Broad Street
Richmond, VA 23230
Document available online at: http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20060927143132-7485.doc
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and outcomes of the Piedmont Adoption Coalition (PAC), one of three projects funded through the Children's Bureau Quality Improvement Center on Adoption (QICA) and awarded to United Methodist Family Services of Virginia (UMFS). PAC is a partnership between DePaul Family Services and the Piedmont Regional Adoption Group (PRAG) and is designed to provide comprehensive adoption services to Virginian children and families in City of Lynchburg, City of Danville, Bedford County, Amherst County, Campbell County, Pittsylvania County, and Halifax County. PRAG is a partnership of these seven contiguous local departments of social services formed for the purpose of improving adoption services in their region. The purpose of the PAC project was to implement and study the success model of adoption characterized by three major components: public-private partnerships, adoption staff specialization, and the utilization of evidence-based practices for recruitment, assessment, pre-placement preparation and post placement support. This report describes the development of the partnership, operational features, outcomes from partnering, staff specialization implemented by the private partners, and changes in adoption practices brought about by PAC. Lessons learned about forming and maintaining public-private partnerships are also shared. The report concludes that utilizing the success model of adoption practice is an effective method of improving successful permanency outcomes for foster children. Within the seven jurisdictions served by the project, not only was there a significant increase in the number of children being adopted, but also the time to achieve adoptions was significantly decreased.

Title: Supporting and Improving the Child Welfare Workforce: A Review of Program Improvement Plans (PIPs) and Recommendations for Strengthening the Child and Family Service Reviews (CFSRs).
Published: 2006
Available from: Children's Defense Fund
http://www.childrensdefense.org
25 E Street NW
Washington, DC 20001
Printable version (PDF): http://www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/supporting-and-improving-the-child-welfare-workforce.pdf
Abstract: A supported, skilled, and informed workforce is central to improving outcomes for children and families in the child welfare system. The Children's Defense Fund (CDF) and Children's Rights are engaged with a number of national partners to develop federal policy recommendations designed to improve the quality of the child welfare workforce, with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes for children and families that come in contact with the child welfare system. As part of this work, CDF and Children's Rights reviewed the extent to which workforce issues were being identified and addressed by states as part of the federal Child and Family Service Reviews (CFSRs) and Program Improvements Plans (PIPs) that all states were required by federal law to complete. This paper provides the results of the review of the PIPs in 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. (Author abstract)

Title: Child Welfare Services System Improvements: 11 County Pilot Implementation Evaluation Initial Assessment Phase, July 2003 to June 2006.
Published: 2006
Available from: Child and Family Policy Institute of California (CFPIC)
http://www.cfpic.org/
925 L Street, Suite 350

Sacramento, CA 95814
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cfpic.org/children/pdfs/11_County_Eval_Phase1.pdf
Abstract: In June, 2006, the Child and Family Policy Institute of California completed an evaluation of the 11 Pilot County implementation of the Child Welfare Services Improvements. This report, which was commissioned by the California Department of Social Services, provides information about the background, framework, and early implementation of the Statewide Safety Assessment System, Differential Response System, and Permanency and Youth Transitions System, and offers observations and conclusions about the future implementation of these Child Welfare Services Improvements. (Author abstract)

Title: Children in the Urban Environment: Linking Social Policy and Clinical Practice. 2nd ed.
Author(s): Phillips, Norma Kolko.;Straussner, Shulamith Lala Ashenberg.
Published: 2006
Available from: Charles C Thomas Publisher, Ltd.
http://www.ccthomas.com
2600 South First Street
Springfield, IL 62704
Abstract: The essays in this book examine the effects of urban life on children. Social and economic influences are explored, as well as family situations that have an impact on children's quality of life. An introductory chapter describes the challenges children faced in the cities during the nineteenth century and traces the life of urban children to current day. Responses to the needs of urban children and youth during the Great Depression, social reform efforts in the 1960s, and the impact of welfare reform in the 1990s are also reviewed. Section 2 addresses social and economic factors impacting urban children, including poverty, immigration, health and mental health issues, and urban gang activity. Section 3 considers familial factors impacting urban children, including out-of-home placement, substance abuse, AIDS, and homelessness. The challenges of children with incarcerated parents and of urban teen parents are also considered. Each chapter describes the scope of the problem and current policy and treatment approaches. Emphasis is placed on the interaction between social policy and intervention, with recommendations for practice. The text closes with an epilogue that discusses the critical role of the community in addressing the many issues confronting children in urban environments. Numerous references.

Title: Differential Responses in Child Care and Protection: Innovative Approaches in Family-Centered Practice.
Author(s): Connolly, Marie.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 20, 2/3, 2005, p. 8-20
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Abstract: This article looks at the ways in which countries have developed systems of child welfare, with respect to overall orientation and direct service provision. It explores the nature of differential responses and examines issues of interagency collaboration, coordination, and communication raised by such responses. Best practice ideas for collaborative partnering between statutory and non-statutory services are shared. 1 table and 31 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Monitoring Report of the Technical Assistance Committee in the Case of Brian A. v. Bredesen, April 13, 2005.
Author(s): Cohen, Steven D.;Lapsley, Carolyn.;Meltzer, Judy.;Shookhoff, Andy.;Vincent, Paul.
Published: 2005
Available from: Vanderbilt Child and Family Policy Center
http://www.vanderbilt.edu/VIPPS/C&FPC/
1207 18th Avenue South
Nashville, TN 37212
Printable version (PDF): http://www.vanderbilt.edu/VIPPS/C&FPC/TAC/Tennessee%20Monitoring%20Report%20April%2011.pdf
Abstract: This report was prepared by the Technical Assistance Committee pursuant to the provisions of the orders entered in Brian A. v. Bredesen, Civ. Act. No. 3:00-0445 (Fed. Dist. Ct., M.D. Tenn), a civil rights class action brought on behalf of children in the custody of the Tennessee Department of Children's Services. The "Brian A. class" includes all children placed in state custody either: (a) because they were abused or neglected; or (b) because they engaged in non-criminal misbehavior (truancy, running away from home, parental disobedience, violation of a "valid court order," or other "unruly child" offenses). The Brian A. Settlement Agreement (Settlement Agreement) entered on July 27, 2001 requires improvements in the operations of the Tennessee Department of Children's Services (DCS) and establishes the outcomes to be achieved by the State of Tennessee on behalf of children in custody and their families. The Settlement Agreement established the Technical Assistance Committee (TAC), consisting of five experts in the child welfare field and selected by agreement of the parties, to serve as a resource to the Department in the development and implementation of its reform effort. The TAC was envisioned as a way of making available to DCS the range of expertise and assistance that was perceived by the parties as necessary to ensure that the reform would be successful. The primary function of the TAC was and continues to be to advise and assist DCS in its efforts to design, implement, and evaluate improvements required by the Settlement Agreement. In addition, there are certain areas in which the Settlement Agreement gives the TAC responsibility for making recommendations, which the Department is then required to implement. Under the terms of the Stipulation of Settlement of Contempt Motion (Stipulation) entered by the Federal District Court on December 30, 2003, the TAC also assumed responsibility for assisting the Department in developing an implementation plan and monitoring the Department's performance both under that plan and under the original agreement for a twenty-six month period beginning January 1, 2004. The Path to Excellence, the implementation plan developed by DCS in accordance with the Stipulation, was approved by the Court on August 19, 2004. The Stipulation also required the TAC to develop a monitoring plan. The monitoring plan, which was finalized and submitted to the parties on October 19, 2004, calls for the TAC to issue at least three monitoring reports between August 2004 and February 2006. This monitoring report covers DCS activity in the six-month period since the approval of the Path to Excellence. (Author abstract)

Title: Quality Improvement Center for Adoption: Charlottesville Adoption Knowledge Evaluation: Final Evaluation Report.
Author(s): Marvin, Robert S.;Whitten, Kathleen L.
Published: 2005
Available from: Adoption Professionals' Resource
http://www.bestadoptva.org/
Richmond Campus & Richmond Regional Center
3900 West Broad Street
Richmond, VA 23230
Document available online at: http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20070810104004-5738.doc
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and outcomes of the Charlottesville Adoption Knowledge Evaluation (CAKE), a demonstration project in Charlottesville, Virginia funded through the Children's Bureau Quality Improvement Center on Adoption (QICA). CAKE is a partnership of public and private agencies formed for the purpose of improving adoption services. The project implemented and studied the success model of adoption characterized by three major components: public-private partnerships, adoption staff specialization, and the utilization of evidence-based practices for recruitment, assessment, pre-placement preparation and post placement support. CAKE provided the following types of services: comprehensive assessments of children and families, pre-placement adoption preparation of the child and family, child-specific recruitment, and recruitment and training of foster and adoptive families. The needs assessment that was conducted before implementation and the methodology used to evaluate CAKE are explained. Findings are then shared that indicate that of the 65 children enrolled in CAKE, 27 (41.5%) had been placed for adoption by March 2005 and that CAKE had successfully implemented significant changes in the adoption services delivery system. 6 tables.

Title: Potential Policy Implications of Alternative Response.
Author(s): Yuan, Ying-ying T.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 20, 2/3, 2005, p. 22-31
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Abstract: This article examines implications of alternative response for the core components of the child protective services system, including reporting and initial intake screening, choice of response, service provision, and completion of the response. It uses documentation of both the Virginia and Minnesota implementation of alternative response to provide examples of ways policy guidance is being formulated. Activities conducted under typical investigation and under alternative response are compared, and characteristics of alternative response are described. 1 table and 10 references.

Title: Charlottesville Adoption Knowledge Evaluation: QICA Practitioner Perspectives.
Author(s): Barry, Constance P.
Published: 2005
Available from: Adoption Professionals' Resource
http://www.bestadoptva.org/
Richmond Campus & Richmond Regional Center
3900 West Broad Street
Richmond, VA 23230
Document available online at: http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20060927094231-9738.doc
Abstract: This report discusses the activities and outcomes of the Charlottesville Adoption Knowledge Evaluation (CAKE), one of three projects funded through the Children's Bureau Quality Improvement Center on Adoption (QICA) and awarded to United Methodist Family Services of Virginia (UMFS). This adoption knowledge project involved collaboration among public and private social services agencies including Bethany Christian Services of Virginia, Albermarle County Department of Social Services, City of Charlottesville Department of Social Services, Greene County Department Social Services and Tri-Area Foster Families, a collaborative of the three localities. The main objective of the Charlottesville QICA project was to increase the body of knowledge on how public-private partnerships contribute to a best-practice adoption model for waiting foster children, and for children adopted from foster care. The project was designed to provide a standardized protocol, based on a detailed and operationalized logic model, for provision of services to these children and families, with ongoing data collection to provide feedback on the effectiveness of the protocol. Information is provided on the purpose of the project, key project features, membership engagement, high and low engagement factors, recommendations for enlisting partners, operational features of CAKE, outcomes of partnering, staff specialization implemented by the private partners, and changes in adoption practices brought about by CAKE. Lessons learned through the implementation of the project are also shared.

Title: The Emergence of Differential Response.
Author(s): Schene, Patricia.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 20, 2005, p. 4-7
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Abstract: This article describes differential response, a reform in child protective services that calls for the response to child abuse and neglect to be commensurate with the risk level. It discusses the expansion of differential response, distinctions between assessment and investigation approaches, concerns and issues related to differential response, and evaluation results. Lessons learned through various States' implementation are shared. 1 table.

Title: Children's Justice Act Task Force Child Neglect Study: Final Report and Strategic Plan.
Author(s): Kaufmann, Cathy.;Morgaine, Karen.;Nelson, Kristine.
Published: 2005
Available from: Oregon Department of Human Services
http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/
500 Summer St. NE
Salem, OR 97301
Printable version (PDF): http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/children/committees/cja/cja_neglect_final.pdf
Abstract: This final report discusses the activities and outcomes of a study that investigated child neglect in Oregon and nationwide. The study consisted of five components: a statewide assessment, review of national literature and practices, synthesis of State and national findings, development of a strategic plan, and the web-based publication of all results and products. Specific project tasks included two statewide surveys, two different analyses of statewide administrative child protective services data, and the development of a web page. Additionally, a working conference on child neglect was held during June 2005 that provided researchers and Children's Justice Act Task Force members with further information about the issue of neglect in Oregon and Washington State. Findings from a survey of 148 child welfare and self-sufficiency staff are shared and indicate one-third of the respondents felt that the child neglect definition lacked clarity regarding a child's basic needs and did not address the social, emotional, and mental health needs of a child nor a child's need for safety. Key issues that need to be addressed in neglect cases are identified, as well as barriers to successful intervention. Findings are also discussed on the incidence of child neglect in Oregon by county, characteristics of victims, stress factors, incidence of co-occurring abuse, length of time for system response, and services provided. Recommendations are then provided for strategic planning. Appendices include an annotated bibliography of selected references and statistical information. 8 tables, 5 charts, and 17 references.

Title: Alternative Responses to Child Maltreatment: Findings from NCANDS.
Author(s): Shusterman, Gila R.;Fluke, John D.;Hollinshead, Dana M.;Yuan, Ying-ying T.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 20, 2/3, 2005, p. 32-42
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Abstract: A study examined case-level data reported in 2002 to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System by six States (n=313,838 reported children) that offered both alternative response and traditional investigation as part of their child welfare services. Case characteristics, circumstances of reports, and outcomes for children who received an alternative response were compared with children who received a traditional investigation. Findings indicate States' use of alternative response varied considerably. 3 figures and 14 references.

Title: Alternative Response in Minnesota: Findings of the Program Evaluation.
Author(s): Loman, L. Anthony.;Siegel, Gary L.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Protecting Children
v. 20, 2/3, 2005, p. 78-92
Available from: American Humane
http://www.americanhumane.org/
63 Inverness Drive East
Englewood, CO 80112
Printable version (PDF): http://www.iarstl.org/papers/ARinMNfromProtectingChildren.pdf
Abstract: Findings from the first phase of an evaluation of the Minnesota Alternative Response Project are shared in the areas of child safety, family engagement, service changes, recurrences of child abuse and neglect reports and later child removals, family outcomes, worker responses, and program costs. Data from 2,860 experimental families and 1,305 control families indicate positive results in both instrumental outcomes, as well as in measures of child safety and child and family welfare. 5 figures and 11 references.

Title: Building Results: From Wellness Goals to Positive Outcomes for Oregon's Children, Youth, and Families.
Author(s): Pratt, Clara C.;Katzev, Aphra.
Published: 2005
Available from: Policy Institute for Family Impact Seminars
http://www.familyimpactseminars.org/
UW-Madison/Extension
1300 Linden Drive, Rm 130


Madison, WI 53706
Printable version (PDF): http://www.familyimpactseminars.org/s_wifis08c04.pdf
Abstract: The model described in this paper illustrates the relationships among Oregon's wellness goals for children, youth, families, and communities. It describes: (1) Research on interim outcomes and proven strategies to achieve these outcomes. (2) Community needs, aspirations, and resources. (3) Contextual factors that influence outcomes; and (4) Indicators of progress and accountability -- benchmark indicators and program performance indicators. (Author abstract)

Title: Adoption Expenses. (Chapter 18 in Complete Adoption Book: Everything You Need to Know to Adopt a Child. Third Edition.)
Author(s): Beauvais-Godwin, Laura.;Godwin, Raymond.
Published: 2005
Available from: Adams Media
http://www.adamsmedia.com,
http://www.adamsmediastore.com/
57 Littlefield Street

Avon, MA 02322
Abstract: This article reviews the expenses an adoptive family can expect to pay when they adopt. The costs of domestic infant adoption during independent adoption, agency adoption, and identified and facilitated adoption are discussed, as well as tips for keeping expenses to a reasonable level, paying for a birth mother's living expenses, international adoption expenses, strategies for paying for an adoption, and adoption assistance as an employee benefit. The federal adoption tax credit, State subsidies for nonrecurring costs, and State and federal support for children with special needs are also explained.

Title: Building Community Capacity with Non-Profit Boards in the Inner City.
Author(s): Skotnitsky, Lynn.;Ferguson, Evelyn.
Published: 2005
Journal Name: Canadian Journal of Urban Research
v. 14, 1, Summer 2005, 32-53
Available from: The Institute of Urban Studies
http://ius.uwinnipeg.ca/index.html
103 - 520 Portage Avenue
Winnipeg, MA
Abstract: This article presents an adult education approach to community development with board members of non-profit childcare facilities, family resource and women's centres. Community organizations are important vehicles for development in terms of the degree to which they increase citizen participation and revitalize neighbourhoods through the creation of social capital (Gittell, Ortega-Bustamante, and Steffy 1999). Through workshop/focus groups we explored the learning and resource needs of 25 inner city board volunteers, a majority of whom were Aboriginal women. Utilizing an experiential model of learning (Kolb 1999), we used an interactive approach that validated cultural and gender-related differences in styles of governance and capitalized on and deepened existing networks. Findings include the unique strengths of and challenges experienced by this sample of inner city board members and the attributes of the capacity building approach deemed most helpful by participants. We conclude with policy recommendations for enhancing board development in non-profit organizations. (Author abstract)

Title: Active Engagement: Strategies to Increase Service Participation by Vulnerable Families. Discussion Paper.
Author(s): Watson, Johanna.
Published: 2005
Available from: New South Wales Department of Community Services
http://www.community.nsw.gov.au/
DoCS Head Office
Locked Bag 4028

Ashfield, NSW 2131
Printable version (PDF): http://www.community.nsw.gov.au/docswr/_assets/main/documents/research_active_engagement.pdf
Abstract: Active engagement strategies are those which raise the rate of participation in, and completion of, effective programs by families identified as likely to benefit. These strategies aim to address three key issues: 1. high rates of refusal by some vulnerable families to participate in services 2. high rates of attrition by some vulnerable families 3. barriers facing families in gaining access to services. The focus of this paper is to identify effective strategies that promote engagement by families in services and to examine the strength of the evidence base underpinning these strategies. It is based upon a review of literature from peer-reviewed scientific journals. However, given the paucity of research literature on active engagement with abusive families, three additional search strategies were adopted, namely: (1) practice guides for dealing with abusive families were examined; (2) a more general search examined the literature with other hard-to-reach populations including people with mental health problems, homeless families and substance abusing populations; and (3) literature on engaging families in successive waves of research data collection was considered. The paper outlines why active engagement strategies are needed and how participation rates in services may be increased. (Author abstract)

Title: A Strategic Planning Guide for State-Level Early Childhood Systems-Building Initiatives: From Resources to Results for Young Children and Their Families.
Author(s): Tullis, Ericka.;Sutherland, Carol.;Uyeda, Kimberly.;Halfon, Neal.
Published: 2004
Available from: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)
http://www.eric.ed.gov/
c/o Computer Sciences Corporation
655 15th St. NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/29/8a/ab.pdf
Abstract: The federal Maternal and Child Health Bureau has launched a five-year initiative that will support State efforts to build comprehensive early childhood service systems. The State Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Initiative (SECCS) provides two year planning grants followed by three year implementation grants to the 50 State Maternal and Child Health (MCH) agencies. The purpose of these grants is to help coordinate, integrate and improve the access to, and the quality of, health, early education, parent education, and family support services for young children and their families. This paper is designed to assist State MCH agencies and their partners in the SECCS strategic planning process. It is organized is around seven components that constitute a framework for a comprehensive strategic planning process and plan: vision, mission, and guiding principles; inclusion, public input, and communication; strengths and needs assessment; results accountability framework; identification of strategies; allocation of resources; and evaluation and quality improvement process. Each component begins with a set of questions to consider that are designed to assist planners in deciding whether, as they develop or revise their strategic plan, they would like to do more work in a particular area. Next, each component presents several levels that are designed to accommodate both users who need to start by working on the basics, as well as users who are ready to proceed with developing a more comprehensive strategic plan. Finally, each section of the tool provides information about existing tools and approaches that have been used by others engaged in work similar to what states will be doing under the SECCS Initiative. 6 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Strategic Financing: Making the Most of the State Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Initiative.
Author(s): Hayes, Cheryl D.;Flynn, Margaret J.;Stebbins, Helene.
Published: 2004
Available from: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)
http://www.eric.ed.gov/
c/o Computer Sciences Corporation
655 15th St. NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/29/8a/be.pdf
Abstract: This paper explains the purpose and the goals of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau's (MCHB) State Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems (SECCS) Initiative, a grant program that is designed to give States an opportunity to think more strategically about how early childhood services are delivered and funded. States with SECCS grants will have to do an environmental scan of current financing of early childhood services and potential funding for service expansion and further systems-building efforts before they develop a broad statewide, multi-agency plan for early childhood A framework is presented to help SECCS partners develop a strategic financing approach to meet these requirements. It is intended to help SECCS partners see themselves not just as fund mappers, but as fund managers. Following an introduction, basic financing challenges to developing comprehensive early childhood systems are reviewed that policy makers, community leaders, and program developers struggle with as they finance early childhood initiatives. The following section highlights a set of general principles to guide decisions concerning the allocation and management of early childhood funds. Information is then provided on relevant strategies for financing comprehensive community early childhood initiatives. A final section summarizes key steps to developing and implementing successful financing plans, including: optimize the efficiency of existing resources; maximize public revenue; create more flexibility in existing categorical funding streams; and build public-private partnerships. Appendices provide information on federal funding streams, list federal funding sources by functional activity, and highlight relevant published materials and electronic information sources. 25 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Organization-Environment Relationships: Theory for Management Practice in Human Service Organizations.
Author(s): Schmid, Hillel.
Published: 2004
Journal Name: Administration in social work
v. 28, 1, 2004, p. 97-113
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The article discusses lessons for executive directors in human service organizations, for managing organization-environment relationships. The first section reviews the three main theories of organization-environment relations: ecological theories, institutional theories, and adaptation theories (with emphasis on the political-economy and resource-dependency perspectives). Following this presentation, the article discusses the lessons derived from each of the theoretical approaches for executive directors in human service organizations. Emphasis is placed on several types of organizational behavior: passive and reactive organizational behavior, accepting environmental constraints; strategic behavior that conforms to the demands of the government and funding sources; and, alternatively, proactive strategies as expressed in new initiatives and attempts to identify threats and opportunities that will change the power-dependence relations between the organization and its environment. As regards the lessons for executive directors in human service organizations, given the rapid changes in their environments, it is important for them to develop an external organizational orientation and manage the environment just as they manage the organization's internal environment. In this way, they attain the legitimacy and resources needed for the organization's survival. (Author abstract)

Title: Exploring Managers' and Administrators' Retrospective Perceptions of Their MSW Fieldwork Experience: A National Study.
Author(s): Mor Barak, Michal E.;Travis, Dnika.;Bess, Gary.
Published: 2004
Journal Name: Administration in social work
v. 28, 1, 2004, p. 21-44
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Social work education has historically focused on clinical practice and community organization, rather than on the development of management skills, and research documenting the macro practice field experiences of social work students is scarce. A national retrospective study of the fieldwork experiences of social work managers was conducted based on competencies established by the National Network for Social Work Managers (NNSWM). The 200 respondents (63% response rate) were managers and administrators with an average of 20 years post-master's experience. Results of hierarchical regressions indicate that macro practice focus and years of experience were the only significant correlates of the participants' retrospective perceptions of both quality and intensity of their field experience as related to management competencies. A factor analysis of the competencies revealed three underlying factors-internal experiences, external experiences and evaluation experiences, accounting for 73% of the variance in the data. While this is the first national study of its kind, the limitations of retrospective evaluations with respect to faulty or distorted memories are acknowledged. Implications for educating future managers and for future research are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Georgia's Foster Care Children and the Medicaid System.
Author(s): Landers, Glenn M.
Published: 2004
Available from: Georgia Health Policy Center
http://aysps.gsu.edu/ghpc/
14 Marietta Street, NW, Suite 221
Atlanta, GA 30303-2813
Printable version (PDF): http://aysps.gsu.edu/ghpc/child_policy_initiative/issue_briefs/ibfostercare.pdf
Abstract: An examination of the phenomenon of foster children who fare surprisingly well in access to health care when compared to other Medicaid children. Utilization of some services by foster children in Georgia defies national trends.

Title: Leadership and Management Competencies Defined by Practicing Social Work Managers: An Overview of Standards Developed by the National Network for Social Work Managers.
Author(s): Wimpfheimer, Shelly.
Published: 2004
Journal Name: Administration in social work
v. 28, 1, 2004, p. 45-56
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: The National Network for Social Work Managers, a professional membership organization established in the mid-'80s as a resource for social workers involved in agency management, has developed of a set of tools designed to improve management skills and ultimately the quality of service delivery in agencies. This article reviews these tools, focusing on the ten competencies needed to run a well-functioning, high quality organization. In addition, it will briefly introduce the reader to the Certified Social Work Manager (CSWM) credential, the only nationally recognized credential for specialists in social work management, as well as the Network's management practice standards. Although the primary purpose of this article is to introduce readers to these new contributions to the field of social work management, it also hopes to stir interest in the academic and practice communities in working collaboratively to develop additional new materials in the area of quality leadership by social work managers. (Author abstract)

Title: Effects of Managed Care on Southern Youths' Behavioral Services Use.
Author(s): Saunders, Robert C.;Heflinger, Craig Anne.
Published: 2004
Journal Name: Health Care Financing Review
v. 26, 1, Fall 2004, p. 23-41
Available from: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
http://www.cms.hhs.gov
7500 Security Boulevard
Balitmore, MD 21244
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cms.hhs.gov/HealthCareFinancingReview/downloads/2004Fallpg23.pdf
Abstract: Children and adolescents' access to Medicaid-financed behavioral health services was examined over 8 years in Tennessee (managed care) and Mississippi (fee-for-service [FFS]) using logistic regression. Managed care reduced access to behavioral care overall, overnight services (e.g., inpatient), and specialty outpatient services. Managed care also restricted the relative use of overnight and specialty outpatient for children and adolescents. However, managed care had pronounced effects on use of case management services. We also document differences in access and mix of behavioral services used over time by race, sex, age, and Medicaid enrollment category. (Author abstract)

Title: Care for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS: The Urgent Need for International Standards.
Published: 2004
Available from: UNICEF
http://www.unicefusa.org
UNICEF House, 3 United Nations Plaza
New York, NY 10017
Printable version (PDF): http://www.unicef.org/protection/files/HIV_NOTE_FINAL.pdf
Abstract: This paper is one of a series that deal in greater depth with selected complex issues broached in the Working Paper prepared by UNICEF and International Social Service on "Improving Protection for Children without Parental Care: a Call for International Standards". The purpose of this paper is to identify the particular concerns which would need to be addressed by these standards in light of the HIV pandemic. It is also intended to highlight how the growing impact of HIV on children contributes to the urgency for these standards to be developed and applied. (Author abstract)

Title: Results Accountability for a State Early Childhood Comprehensive System: A Planning Guide for Improving the Well-Being of Young Children and Their Families.
Author(s): Friedman, Mark.
Published: 2004
Available from: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)
http://www.eric.ed.gov/
c/o Computer Sciences Corporation
655 15th St. NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/29/8a/41.pdf
Abstract: The federal Maternal and Child Health Bureau has launched a five-year initiative that will support State efforts to build comprehensive early childhood service systems. The State Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Initiative (SECCS) provides two year planning grants followed by three year implementation grants to the 50 State Maternal and Child Health agencies. The purpose of these grants is to help coordinate, integrate and improve the access to, and the quality of, health, early education, parent education, and family support services for young children and their families. This paper presents a disciplined thinking process designed to help identify actions that will measurably improve the lives of children, families, and communities. It begins with a discussion about the language of accountability and the use of words to label ideas. Second, it posits a sharp distinction between accountability for the well-being of whole populations and accountability for the performance of programs, agencies, and service systems. Finally, it offers a common sense progression of work that will produces effective actions with minimum paperwork. Strategies are discussed for getting people together, choosing indicators, developing baselines, considering what works, crafting ideas into a coherent strategy, implementing the strategy, using performance accountability to achieve high quality performance of programs, agencies, and service systems, and evaluating progress. 34 references. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Statistics (Chapter in Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence).
Published: 2002
Available from: National Online Resource Center on Violence Against Women
http://www.vawnet.org
6400 Flank Drive, Suite 1300

Harrisburg, PA 17112-2778
Printable version (PDF): http://new.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/NRC_Children-Stats.pdf
Abstract: This chapter provides statistics and references for the prevalence of children witnessing domestic violence in their homes, the effects of exposure on children and youth, gender specific effects on children, the traumatic response of children, and risk factors for the intergenerational cycle of violence.

Title: Roundtable on Constructing and Coping with Incarceration and Family Re-Entry: Perspectives from the Field.
Published: 2001
Available from: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)
http://www.eric.ed.gov/
c/o Computer Sciences Corporation
655 15th St. NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/29/d1/d4.pdf
Abstract: On November 15 and 16, 2001, more than 50 researchers, policymakers, practitioners, corrections officials, and other specialists in the field of fathers and families gathered in Philadelphia, PA, to convene the National Center on Fathers and Families' (NCOFF) "Roundtable on Constructing and Coping with Incarceration and Family Re-Entry: Perspectives from the Field." The discussion at NCOFF's roundtable focused on four general topics: (1) "The Effects of Parent Incarceration on Child and Family Welfare"; (2) "Practical Dimensions of Father Incarceration and Re-Entry: Race, Legal Representation, and Family Policies"; (3) "Positioning the States: Intersections of Responsible Fathering, Family Support, and Correctional Systems"; and (4) "The Roles of Programs, Practice, and Communities in Supporting Fathers and Families Pre-, During, and Post-Imprisonment." This report synthesizes the discussion of the themes and their implications for policymaking, the directions they indicate for future research, and the lessons they impart for practice. The first section contains summaries of the research papers presented at the roundtable, interspersed with discussants' commentaries. The second section describes the current and emerging issues in father incarceration and re-entry that arose during the roundtable exchanges. The third section offers new directions for research. The fourth section explores the implications of the issues raised for policymaking. The final section describes lessons learned for practice. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Development of Data Elements, Instruments, and Implementation Plan for Reporting System Under the Chafee Foster Care Independence Program: Draft Analysis Report and Pilot Test Plan.
Published: 2001
Available from: ICF Consulting
http://www.icfconsulting.com/services/information_technology/it-healthysteps.asp
9300 Lee Highway
Fairfax, VA 22031
Abstract: This draft report is the outcome of a project that is developing data elements, instruments, and an implementation plan for a national data reporting system for the Chafee Foster Care Independence Program (CFCIP). Chapter 1 explains the development of a performance assessment system for Independent Living programs funded under CFCIP and steps the project has taken to analyze current Independent Living data collection sources and reporting instruments, and identify data elements that will meet the new statutory requirements for State CFCIP. The methodology used to identify potential data elements, instruments, and reporting procedures is described, as wel1 as the selection of data elements. Chapter 2 identifies the major data reporting issues and options, evaluates each option, and makes a recommendation for each issue. Chapter 3 describes the major data content issues, make a recommendation for each issue, and presents a set of recommended data elements, with an explanation of why each is recommended. The final chapter describes the pilot test plan to test the feasibility, utility, and practicality of the data collection instruments, to assess the burden of reporting on the States, and to evaluate the feasibility of collecting the data. Appendices include a chart of instruments in use by nine States that measure each of the data elements proposed, suggest data definitions and descriptions, and provide descriptions of each data element currently reported for youth in foster care in the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). 91 references. Document Scanned.

Title: The Key Role of Social Workers in Promoting the Well-Being of Children in State Care: A Neglected Dimension in Reforming Policies.
Author(s): Gilligan, Robbie.
Published: 2000
Journal Name: Children and Society
v. 14, 4, p. 267-276
Available from: Wiley Publishing, Inc.
http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/
Customer Care Center
10475 Crosspoint Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46256
Abstract: Increasingly, policy measures are emerging at national or agency level in different countries to improve the lot of children in state care. Most of these rely heavily on social workers for their implementation. Yet the capacity of social workers to carry out such an ever increasing range of complex tasks seems never to be properly recognised as an issue. This paper argues, from an international perspective, that the continuing central role of social work in the lives of children in care merits much more emphasis in policy and service delivery. The nature of the increasing demands on social workers in this area of work are explored. Possible strategies to help build the capacity of social workers to respond to the needs of children in state care in the new millenium are discussed. Such capacity building necessitates government and agency initiatives to ensure realistic staffing levels, renewed training, and adequate support for social work services to children in state care. (Author abstract)

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