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Administration / Child Welfare Systems - Results (103 Publications)

Title: Mini-CFSR Review Onsite Review Instrument and Instructions.
Published: 2010
Available from: Wyoming Department of Family Services
http://dfsweb.state.wy.us/
Hathaway Building
2300 Capitol Ave.
Cheyenne, WY 82002
Printable version (PDF): http://dfsweb.state.wy.us/pdf/05MiniCFSRInstrument%20_Hard%20Copy__1.pdf
Abstract: This Onsite Review Instrument is designed to be used to review both foster care and in-home services cases. The process for gathering information to complete the Onsite Review Instrument includes conducting case record reviews and case-related interviews with children, parents, foster parents, caseworkers, and other professionals involved with the child. The instrument is organized into a face sheet and three sections. On the Case Description, reviewers document general information about a case, such as the type of case. The three sections focus on the outcome domains that form the basis of the child and family services reviews: safety, permanency, and child and family well-being. For each outcome, the reviewers collect information on a number of items related to that outcome. The instrument also includes a quality assurance review of onsite review instruments and concludes with a case rating summary form. Directions for completing the instrument are provided.

Title: Medicaid Managed Care for Children in Child Welfare.
Author(s): Allen, Kamala.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Health Care Strategies
http://www.chcs.org/
200 American Metro Blvd., Suite 119
Hamilton, NJ 08619
Printable version (PDF): http://www.chcs.org/usr_doc/CW_MC_Brief.pdf
Abstract: Children in the child welfare system have an extremely high prevalence of physical and behavioral health problems. This issue brief examines the complex physical and behavioral health care needs and associated costs for children in child welfare and outlines critical opportunities and challenges within Medicaid to better manage care for this high-risk, high-cost population. (Author abstract)

Title: Cultural Competency for California's Child/Family Professionals (The C4 Project) : (Sonoma State University).
Author(s): Denniston, Jack.
Published: 2008
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Abstract: The Cultural Competency for California's Child/Family Professionals (C4) project developed and delivered training for California's child welfare frontline workers, supervisors and other service providers to strengthen their ability to provide culturally competent and comprehensive services for Spanish­ speaking children and families. · California has a large and relatively young Spanish-speaking population and 58% percent of Hispanic /Latino children live in poverty. Key informant interviews of California child welfare staff in 2 counties chosen for the C4 project confirm that the need for English/Spanish bilingual frontline workers is critical. · They expect to have trained 800 people by the end of the project. They estimate that over 20,000 families are being served by these 800 trainees. Thus the training only costs approximately $30 per family served. · They go into communities and train a cross section of the professionals who work with these children and families. Response to this training has been very good. In addition to cultural competency, they addressed socio-economic issues and working with families who speak other languages beside Spanish. · CIHS has developed a system for doing needs assessments, developing curriculum and doing the training that ensures quality while maximizing effectiveness and efficiency. At the time of the site visit, CIHS was in transition. Sonoma State was in the process of moving grants to other administrative homes. The C4 project was in its final year. In spite of this disruption, the project continued to meet and exceed its training goals, but project staff acknowledged that this would pose replication and sustainability challenges. · They are evaluating their project through pre- and post-tests of knowledge, pre- and follow-up self-assessment, and a satisfaction questionnaire. All of these instruments are administered during the training, with the exception of the follow-up self assessment which is mailed to trainees 3-6 months after the training. They are also conducting key informant interviews. Preliminary results are very promising.

Title: Mandatory Reporting Legislation in the United States, Canada, and Australia: A Cross-Jurisdictional Review of Key Features, Differences, and Issues.
Author(s): Matthews, Ben.;Kenny, Maureen C.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 1, February 2008, p. 50-63
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Mandatory child abuse reporting laws have developed in particular detail in the United States, Canada, and Australia as a central part of the governments' strategy to detect cases of abuse and neglect at an early stage, protect children, and facilitate the provision of services to children and families. However, the terms of these laws differ in significant ways, both within and between these nations, with the differences tending to broaden or narrow the scope of cases required to be reported and by whom. The purpose of this article is to provide a current and systematic review of mandatory reporting legislation in the 3 countries that have invested most heavily in them to date. A comparison of key elements of these laws is conducted, disclosing significant differences and illuminating the issues facing legislatures and policymaking bodies in countries already having the laws. These findings will also be instructive to those jurisdictions still developing their laws and to those that may, in the future, choose to design a system of mandatory reporting. (Author abstract)

Title: Longitudinal Analysis of Repeated Child Abuse Reporting and Victimization: Multistate Analysis of Associated Factors.
Author(s): Fluke, John D.;Shusterman, Gila R.;Hollinshead, Dana M.;Yuan, Ying-Ying T.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 1, February 2008, p. 76-88
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: Most child subjects of maltreatment reports to child protective services (CPS) are involved just once, whereas other children experience repeated investigations and victimizations. This study examines individual, maltreatment, and service-related factors associated with maltreatment rereporting and substantiated rereporting in a multistate context. Case-level National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System data (505,621 children) were analyzed. Within 24 months, 22% of children were rereported, and 7% were rereported with substantiation. Younger and White and mixed race children, those with disabilities, and those whose caregivers abused alcohol were more likely to be rereported and rereported and substantiated. Service provision, including foster care placement, was associated with increased likelihood of subsequent events. When CPS agency performance is assessed using measures of reentry, separate measures may be necessary for children who receive services, so that improvements in safety can be appropriately recognized. Reentry into CPS is a complex interaction of risks to children and systemic factors tied to the intervention they receive. (Author abstract)

Title: The Number of Illegally Abandoned and Legally Surrendered Newborns in the State of Texas, Estimated From News Stories, 1996-2006.
Author(s): Pruitt, Sandi I.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 1, February 2008, p. 89-93
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: In 1999, Texas was the first of 47 states to pass a Safe Haven law allowing for the anonymous surrender of unwanted newborns at designated locations. However, state agencies do not systematically collect data on the number of illegally abandoned infants and infants legally surrendered under the law. Using the LexisNexis database of Texas newspapers, this study estimated the number of illegally abandoned and legally surrendered newborns younger than age 60 days in Texas, 1996 to 2006 and describes their demographic characteristics. Of 93 infants (53% male) identified during the study period, 82 were illegally abandoned (70% found alive) and 11 were legally surrendered. On average, 7.5 (range: 4-16) infants were illegally abandoned each year, with the greatest number found in 1999. Infants continued to be illegally abandoned following passage of the Safe Haven law. A statewide surveillance system should be implemented to evaluate this important public health problem. (Author abstract)

Title: The Juvenile Victim System: A Concept for Helping Victims. (Chapter 8 in Childhood Victimization: Violence, Crime, and Abuse in the Lives of Young People).
Author(s): Finkelhor, David.;Cross, Ted.;Pepin, Elise N.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter proposes a comprehensive and systemic framework for understanding the agencies and institutions that respond to child victimization, and offers a diagram that illustrates the interrelationships among parts of this system. Major elements of the justice system for juvenile victims are described, as well as what is known about the flow of cases through this system. The impact of the Juvenile Victim Justice System on victims is also explained. 1 figure.

Title: Mandatory Domestic Violence Arrest Policies. (Chapter 7 in Domestic Violence: Intervention, Prevention, Policies, and Solutions.)
Author(s): Davis, Richard.
Published: 2008
Available from: CRC Press
http://www.crcpress.com
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487
Abstract: This chapter questions the validity of mandatory domestic violence arrest policies. It begins by explaining the lack of an accepted definition of domestic violence, and then explains the false premise on which mandatory arrest policies are based: the indifference of law enforcement officers towards domestic violence victims. It shares statistics indicating a rise in the arrests of females and findings from a study that found no statistically significant relationship between criminal justice response and victimization. Recommendations for changing mandatory arrests laws are provided, and discussion questions are included. 1 table.

Title: Ain't I a Victim. (Chapter 9 in Domestic Violence: Intervention, Prevention, Policies, and Solutions.)
Author(s): Davis, Richard.
Published: 2008
Available from: CRC Press
http://www.crcpress.com
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487
Abstract: This chapter explores gender bias in the domestic violence field that favors female victims and ignores male victimization. It provides examples of bias in domestic violence advocate activism, among experts, and in research reports. The claim that domestic violence is caused by sexism and oppression is examined and the invisibility of male victims is discussed. Discussion questions are included.

Title: Improving Youth Mentoring Interventions Through Research-based Practice.
Author(s): Rhodes, Jean E.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: American Journal of Community Psychology
v. 41, 1/2, March 2008, p. 35-42
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Youth mentoring programs are in the limelight. Over three million young people have a Big Brother, a Big Sister, or a similar adult volunteer involved in their lives -- a sixfold increase from just a decade ago -- and generous federal funding continues to fuel new initiatives. This expansion speaks volumes about the faith our society places in one-on-one relationships between vulnerable young people and caring adults. But what do we know about the effectiveness of this intervention strategy? A better understanding of the research evidence for youth mentoring, including findings from reviews, evaluations, and meta-analyses, provides a basis for a more informed, practically applicable approach to strengthening youth mentoring interventions. (Author abstract)

Title: Clinical Interventions for Children With Attachment Problems.
Author(s): Cornell, Tonya.;Hamrin, Vanya.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing
v. 21, 1, February 2008, p. 35-47
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: TOPIC: Applying the current evidence to treating clinical populations with attachment disorders. PURPOSE: This study aims to review the literature regarding the treatment of childhood attachment disorders, with the goal of guiding clinicians towards evidence-based practice. SOURCES USED: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychBooks, EMBASE and PsychINFO were searched and all articles reporting results of a treatment intervention for attachment disorder were reviewed. Ancestry analysis garnered additional sources. CONCLUSIONS: There are few studies addressing therapeutic interventions for attachment disorder, but the literature supports benefits to the child?parent attachment relationship in biological families in the application of both psychoeducational and psychotherapeutic treatment modalities. A summary of the important components of applying these techniques in therapy is included. Foster and adoptive families with attachment disorders require different types of intervention than biological families. In particular, foster and adoptive parents need to help repair their child's negative internal representations by responding appropriately to their child's cues. Advanced practice psychiatric nurses are well-prepared to provide evidence-based interventions to both biological and foster families with attachment problems. More research is needed to determine the most appropriate treatment interventions for children with attachment disorders. (Author abstract)

Title: Long-Term Effects of Stressors on Relationship Well-Being and Parenting Among Rural African American Women.
Author(s): Murry, Velma M.;Harrell, Amanda W.;Brody, Gene H.;Chen, Yi-Fu.;Simons, Ronald L.;Black, Angela R.;Cutrona, Carolyn E.;Gibbons, Frederick X.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Relations
v. 57, 2, April 2008, 117-127
Available from: Wiley-Blackwell
www.wiley.com
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
Abstract: This investigation of the effects of stressful life events on rural African American women's relationship well-being, psychological functioning, and parenting included 361 married or long-term cohabiting women. Associations among stressful events, socioeconomic status, perceived racial discrimination, coping strategies, psychological functioning, relationship well-being, and parenting were tested. Stressful events were related directly to diminished relationship well-being and heightened psychological distress and indirectly to compromised parenting. The results can inform research and intervention with African American women. (Author abstract)

Title: Trauma Exposure in American Indian/Alaska Native Children.
Author(s): BigFoot, Dolores Subia.;Willmon-Haque, Sadie.;Braden, Janie.
Published: 2008
Available from: Indian Country Child Trauma Center (ICCTC)
http://www.icctc.org/
Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Native American Programs
PO Box 26901 - OUCP, 3B 3406
Oklahoma City, OK 73190
Printable version (PDF): http://www.icctc.org/Resources/Trauma_AIs_Children_Factsheet2.pdf
Abstract: This factsheet was developed for the February 28, 2008 Congressional Hearing on Trauma Exposure in Children.

Title: Building on the Promise: State Initiatives to Expand Access to Early Head Start for Young Children and their Families.
Author(s): Schumacher, Rachel.;DiLauro, Elizabeth.
Published: 2008
Available from: Center for Law and Social Policy
http://www.clasp.org
1015 15th Street NW, Suite 400
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.clasp.org/publications/building_on_the_promise_ehs.pdf
Abstract: This report examines actions states have taken to enhance Early Head Start (EHS). Less than 3 percent of babies and toddlers who are eligible for EHS are reached at current federal funding levels. Twenty states use at least one of four main approaches: 1) Extending the day or year of existing EHS services, 2) Expanding the capacity of existing EHS and Head Start programs to increase the number of children and pregnant women served, 3) Providing resources and assistance to child care providers to help them deliver services meeting EHS standards, and 4) Supporting partnerships between EHS and center-based and family child care providers to improve the quality of care. The report also analyzes opportunities and challenges facing state policymakers and provides recommendations for state leaders interested in promoting better futures for at-risk children through building on Early Head Start. (Author abstract)

Title: Children and Families With Incarcerated Parents: Exploring Development in the Field and Opportunities for Growth.
Author(s): Bouchet, Stacey M.
Published: 2008
Available from: Annie E Casey Foundation
http://www.aecf.org/
701 St. Paul St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
Printable version (PDF): http://www.aecf.org/~/media/Pubs/Topics/Child%20Welfare%20Permanence/Permanence/ChildrenandFamilieswithIncarceratedParentsExp/Children%20and%20families%20with%20incarcerated%20parents.pdf
Abstract: Children and families with incarcerated parents not only face the trauma of loss, but also a range of economic and social conditions that result from incarceration. Concerned about the vulnerability of this population, the Annie E. Casey Foundation began an exploration of the nature and scope of this issue and the gaps that need to be filled. This report provides a summary of the Foundation's findings, a listing of the Foundation's recent investments in this area, and synthesizes the learnings into potential opportunities for the field at large. (Author abstract)

Title: An Examination of the Indian Child Welfare Act Section of State Title IV-B Child and Family Services Plans.
Author(s): Limb, Gordon E.;Brown, Eddie F.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal
v. 25, 2, April 2008, p. 99-110
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: The current study examined a nationwide sample of the ICWA section within state Title IV-B Child and Family Services Plans. Content analysis was performed to examine whether states were meeting ICWA mandates and federal requirements and interviews with regional/central Administration for Children and Families administrators and state officials were conducted. Major findings included ACF program instructions lacked detail and clarity as to what should be included, a majority of states reported consulting with tribes in the CFSP development, and over half of all state CFSPs did not reference any of the three specific measures outlined in ACF guidelines. Implications of findings are discussed and recommendations are offered to develop measurable outcomes to evaluate ICWA compliance and improve the federal monitoring processes. (Author abstract)

Title: Issues in Portability of Evidence-based Treatment for Adolescent Depression.
Author(s): Probst, Barbara.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal
v. 25, 2, April 2008, p. 111-123
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Depression is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders among school-aged youth, with high prevalence and far-reaching consequences. However, even though there are two evidence-based practices for treating adolescent depression (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy), most adolescents referred for treatment are unlikely to receive either. In part, this is due to the difficulty of transporting an evidence-based practice from laboratory to real-world setting, and determining how to transport an empirically validated treatment has thus become a focus of concern for social work researchers and practitioners. A host of client, clinician, setting, and treatment delivery variables can influence portability. Taking all these factors into consideration is a daunting task?but less daunting if done at the onset, during the initial process of efficacy research, rather than afterward as a separate stage. The thesis of this paper is that the only solution to the problem of portability is a combined, rather than sequential, approach to treatment development in which effectiveness and application concerns are included in the original research design. A review of suggested approaches, as well as discussion of factors that contribute to variance in outcome, is followed by recommendations for future research. (Author abstract)

Title: Providing Services and Supports for Youth who are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Questioning, Intersex or Two-Spirit.
Author(s): Poirier, Jeffrey M.;Francis, Karen B.;Fisher, Sylvia K.;Williams-Washington, Kristin.;Goode, Tawara D.;Jackson, Vivian H.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Center for Cultural Competence
http:/gucchd.georgetown.edu
Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development
Box 571485
Washington, DC 20057-1485
Printable version (PDF): http://www11.georgetown.edu/research/gucchd/nccc/documents/lgbtqi2s.pdf
Abstract: This Practice Brief is for policymakers, administrators, and providers seeking to learn more about (1) youth who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, or two-spirit (LGBTQI2-S) and (2) how to develop culturally and linguistically competent programs and services to meet their needs and preferences. (Author abstract)

Title: Quality Improvement Strategies that Work.
Author(s): Ferreira, Kathleen.;Hodges, Sharon.;Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon.;Mazza, Jessica.
Published: 2008
Available from: Research and Training Center for Children's Mental Health
http://rtckids.fmhi.usf.edu/
Department of Child and Family Studies
Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute
University of South Florida
13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd.

Tampa, FL 33612-3807
Printable version (PDF): http://rtckids.fmhi.usf.edu/rtcpubs/study02/IssueBrief6.pdf
Abstract: The goal of this issue brief is to discuss findings regarding the types of data and data collection procedures systems used to evaluate and monitor their performance. There is a critical need for systems of care to dedicate resources to self-evaluation and monitoring activities. The brief highlights the evaluation activities that systems rely on to continually improve the quality of mental health service delivery to children with serious mental health challenges. (Author abstract)

Title: Examining African American Fathers' Involvement in Permanency Planning: An Effort to Reduce Racial Disproportionality in the Child Welfare System.
Author(s): Coakley, Tanya M.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 4, April 2008, p. 407-417
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: There is virtually no empirical research on African American fathers' involvement in permanency planning, which makes it difficult either to understand the relationships among fathers' involvement, agency practices, and children's permanency outcomes or to identify which types of efforts are most effective to involve African American fathers. This study examines the extent to which African American fathers' involvement in permanency planning influences children's placement outcomes using a secondary data analysis of 88 children's child welfare case records. Findings show that children were reunited with birth families more often and had shorter stays in foster care when their fathers were involved. This study contributes to the emerging research on fathers' involvement and explores agency practices that account for extended lengths of stay in foster care for children of color. Recommendations are provided for child welfare policy, practice, and research. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Smoking Policies for Foster Parents.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Resource Center for Permanency and Family Connections
http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp
Hunter College School of Social Work
129 East 79th Street
New York, NY 10065
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp/downloads/policy-issues/Smoking_Policies.pdf
Abstract: States have a variety of policies regarding smoking in the presence of children in out-of home care. We have assembled those we were able to locate here. Specific state regulations are cited below. Note that this is not a comprehensive list of all policies. (Author abstract)

Title: Reconstructing Child Welfare Through Participatory and Child-Centred Professional Practice: A Conceptual Approach.
Author(s): D'Cruz, Heather.;Stagnitti, Karen.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Family Social Work
v. 13, 2, May 2008, p. 156-165
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: The 'child' in child welfare/protection is seen as a dependent waif and an object of interest, on whose behalf adults speak and act. An alternative perspective has argued for child-centredness, and includes concepts of child liberation, rights and citizenship. Policymakers and practitioners who may accept the underlying principles may be concerned about the appropriateness and applicability of such principles in relation to practice with children and their parents in child welfare/protection cases. This paper discusses a conceptual framework for research that aims to explore participatory and child-centred professional practice by critically evaluating and developing, for professional practice, the practical meanings of 'participatory' and 'children as citizens'. We do not present research outcomes based on empirical data; instead, we present our conceptual framework as the first stage of research in progress into participatory and child-centred professional practice. (Author abstract)

Title: Using the Media to Promote Adolescent Well-Being.
Author(s): Haskins, Ron.;Donahue, Elisabeth Hirschorn.;Nightingale, Marissa.
Published: 2008
Available from: Brookings Institution
http://www.brookings.edu
1775 Massachusetts Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20036
Printable version (PDF): http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2008/spring_children_haskins/spring_children_haskins.pdf
Abstract: Adolescent media use has exploded. Parents are worried that teens are drowning in messages about sex, smoking, drinking, consumer goods, and a host of other behaviors and products that threaten their health and well-being. This brief advocates fighting fire with fire by creative use of media to provide youth with positive messages that counteract the negative and potentially damaging messages to which they are so frequently exposed. (Author abstract)

Title: Financing and Sustaining Out-of-School Time Programs in Rural Communities.
Author(s): Sandel, Kate.;Bhat, Soumya.
Published: 2008
Available from: Finance Project
http://www.financeproject.org/
1401 New York Avenue, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20005
Printable version (PDF): http://www.financeproject.org/publications/OSTRuralYouth.pdf
Abstract: This strategy brief describes the funding landscape of rural programs and highlights the unique challenges confronting rural program leaders. It describes the different public and private resources that can support out-of-school time programming and identifies key strategies that can be used to finance and sustain these programs in rural communities. (Author abstract)

Title: Towards a Delivery System of Services for Rural Homeless Youth: A Literature Review and Case Study.
Author(s): Skott-Myhre, Hans A.;Raby, Rebecca.;Nikolaou, Jamie.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child and Youth Care Forum
v. 37, 2, April 2008, p. 87-102
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: The majority of the literature on homelessness conceptualizes it as an urban problem and a wide body of research exists that provides estimates of metropolitan street youth and qualitatively describes their experiences. Similar descriptions and population estimates are virtually absent for youth who experience rural homelessness despite the number of urban homeless youth with rural origins. Indeed, although some metropolitan literature does remark on rural youth homelessness, it comments only on its invisible nature. This exclusion has significant implications in that it marginalizes the rural homeless and hinders the development of social policy to address the issues this population faces. Drawing on existing literature on rural youth homelessness, discussions with service providers in a rural area and a small number of interviews with youth, this paper begins to explore key issues facing homeless rural youth, existing intervention options and recommendations for the development of service delivery systems. (Author abstract)

Title: Developing a Policy Framework for Vulnerable Children with Mental Health Needs: Challenges and Possibilities. (Chapter 2 in Mental Health Interventions and Services for Vulnerable Children and Young People.)
Author(s): Wolpert, Miranda.;
Published: 2008
Available from: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
http://www.jkp.com
400 Market St.
Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This chapter explores how policy development in relation to the mental health needs of vulnerable children might start to address key challenges in the areas of assessing need, developing evidence-based policy, and creating a framework for assessing progress. It argues that policy development needs to start with an analysis of the range of anticipated needs, and consider how a given country is going to prioritize between competing needs and draw on the emerging evidence base to develop the best approach. 27 references.

Title: The Casey Young Adult Survey: Findings over Three Years.
Author(s): Havalchak, Anne.;White, Catherine Roller.;O'Brien, Kirk.
Published: 2008
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Document available online at: http://www.casey.org/Resources/Publications/CYAS_3YRS.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/0F34595D-A32A-4295-9764-664512E2E3C8/1330/CaseyYoungAdultSurveyThreeYears1.pdf
Abstract: This study examines the experience of young people while they were in care with Casey Family Programs. It also analyzes their outcomes after leaving care. Casey's Young Adult Survey has been conducted every year between 2004 and 2006. This summary report includes combined findings for all three years of data collection. (Author abstract)

Title: Council of State Governments State Directory. Directory II, Legislative Leadership, Committees and Staff 2008.
Published: 2008
Available from: Council of State Governments.
http://www.csg.org/CSG/default.htm
2760 Research Park Drive
PO Box 11910
Lexington, KY 40578
Abstract: This annual directory lists all legislative leadership positions, select committee chairs and vice chairs, and legislative research staff. The book is sorted by state and by general function.

Title: Residential Facilities: Improved Data and Enhanced Oversight Would Help Safeguard the Well-Being of Youth with Behavioral and Emotional Challenges: Report to the Chairman, Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives.
Published: 2008
Available from: Government Accountability Office
http://www.gao.gov/
441 G St., NW
Washington, DC 20548
Printable version (PDF): http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-08-346
Abstract: Federal funding to states supported more than 200,000 youth in residential facilities in 2004, many seeking help to address behavioral or emotional challenges. However, federal investigations have identified maltreatment and civil rights abuses in some facilities. GAO was asked to provide national information about (1) the nature of incidents that adversely affect youth well-being in residential facilities, (2) how state licensing and monitoring requirements address youth well-being in these facilities, and (3) what factors affect federal agencies' ability to hold states accountable for youth well-being in residential facilities. GAO conducted national Web-based surveys of state child welfare, health and mental health, and juvenile justice agencies and achieved an 85 percent response rate for each of the three surveys. We also visited four states, interviewed program officials, and reviewed laws and documentation. (Author abstract)

Title: Case Management Optimization: Stakeholder Involvement.
Published: 2008
Available from: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/
Brown-Heatly Building
4900 North Lamar Boulevard
7th Floor
Austin, TX 78751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/about_hhsc/reports/CaseManagement_Stakeholder.pdf
Abstract: The Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) contracted with Navigant Consulting, Inc. for assistance in the optimization of the state's case management services. In 2005, the Texas Legislature enacted Senate Bill 1188, which directs HHSC to assess, review and undertake optimization of case management programs and services across the HHSC enterprise. In response to Section 2.4.2.5 of the HHSC RFP, this document reports on the use of stakeholder involvement in the analysis of the current case management system and in the development of case management optimization recommendations which are described in detail in the Analysis of the Current Case Management System in Texas report and the Recommendations for Improving Case Management in Texas report. This report also includes a summary of stakeholder comments and the contractor's approach to obtaining comments. (Author abstract)

Title: Good News: Child Victimization Has Been Declining. Why? (Chapter 7 in Childhood Victimization: Violence, Crime, and Abuse in the Lives of Young People).
Author(s): Finkelhor, David.;Jones, Lisa.
Published: 2008
Available from: Oxford University Press
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/
2001 Evans Road
Cary, NC 27513
Abstract: This chapter looks at recent historical trends in various forms of child victimization and related child welfare indicators. Sociological factors are reviewed that may be responsible for a decline in various forms of child victimization since the mid-1990s. Factors considered include the reduction in unwanted children, economic prosperity, incarceration and incapacitation, agents of social intervention, changing norms and practices, a dissipation of the side effect of the 1960s cultural revolution, and psychopharmacology. Policy implications are discussed. 3 figures and 1 table.

Title: Estimated Pregnancy Rates by Outcome for the United States, 1990-2004.
Author(s): Ventura, Stephanie J.;Abma, Joyce C.;Mosher, William D.;Henshaw, Stanley K.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: National Vital Statistics Reports
v. 56, 15, April 14, 2008,
Available from: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov
1600 Clifton Rd.
Atlanta, GA 30333
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_15.pdf
Abstract: Objectives: This report presents detailed pregnancy rates for 1990-2004, updating a national series of rates extending since 1976. Data from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) are used to interpret trends in teenage pregnancy and in total pregnancy and fertility rates. Methods: Tabular and graphical data on pregnancy rates by age, race and Hispanic origin, and by marital status are presented and described. Birth data are from the birth registration system for all births registered in the United States and reported by state health departments to the National Center for Health Statistics; abortion data are from the Guttmacher Institute and the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and fetal loss estimates are from pregnancy history information collected by the NSFG. Results: In 2004 an estimated 6,390,000 pregnancies resulted in 4.11 million live births, 1.22 million induced abortions, and 1.06 million fetal losses. The estimated pregnancy rate for 2004 was 103.0; the rate varied little between 1995 and 2004. The teenage pregnancy rate dropped 38 percent during 1990-2004, reaching an historic low of 72.2 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years. Rates for younger teenagers declined relatively more than for older teenagers. (Author abstract)

Title: Market-Based Disparities in Foster Care Outcomes.
Author(s): Meezan, William.;McBeath, Bowen.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Children and youth services review
v. 30, 4, April 2008, p. 388-406
Available from: Elsevier
http://www.elsevier.com/
Customer Service Department
6277 Sea Harbor Drive
Orlando, FL 32887-4800
Abstract: Managed care and performance-based contracting in state child welfare systems have appeared as a consequence of the increased attention that federal and state policymakers are paying to system performance and service costs. This study reports findings from a longitudinal natural experiment that examined the effects of a performance-based, managed care contracting mechanism on foster care outcomes. Multivariate analyses identified market-based disparities in some of the outcomes experienced by foster children: controlling for child, family, and caseworker characteristics, children served by agencies with performance-based, managed care contracts were less likely to be reunified and more likely to enter kinship foster homes, when compared to children served by agencies reimbursed through fee-for-service contracts. Analyses also suggested that there were few other variables consistently associated with foster care outcomes. These results call into question the evidentiary basis for the diffusion of managed care and performance-based contracting in the child welfare sector, and suggest that state child welfare systems ensure that foster care placement decisions are influenced more by child and family needs than by financial considerations. In addition, they suggest that managed care and performance-based contracts should include specific financial incentives for family reunification. (Author abstract)

Title: Information Packet: Educational Needs of Youth in Foster Care.
Author(s): Shaffer, Emily.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Resource Center for Permanency and Family Connections
http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp
Hunter College School of Social Work
129 East 79th Street
New York, NY 10065
Printable version (PDF): http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp/downloads/information_packets/educational_needs.pdf
Abstract: Includes facts and statistics, policies and legislation, promising practices and model programs, web sites and resources, and a bibliography on the topic of the educational needs of youth in foster care.

Title: Rethinking Victimization. (Chapter 11 in Domestic Violence: Intervention, Prevention, Policies, and Solutions.)
Author(s): Davis, Richard.
Published: 2008
Available from: CRC Press
http://www.crcpress.com
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487
Abstract: Differing domestic violence data is reviewed and a case is made for examining the wisdom of labeling all physical assaults between family members and intimate partners as criminal acts and mandating arrest and prosecution for those behaviors. Different models for understanding family violence are explained, as well as impediments to progress concerning domestic violence because gender bias. The need for domestic violence assessments before program placements and for a more objective view when considering domestic violence is stressed. Discussion questions are included.

Title: A Study of the Massachusetts Child Care Voucher System: Impact on Children, Families, Providers, and Resource and Referral Agencies.
Author(s): Washington, Valora.;Reed, Mary.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 2, April-June 2008, p. 202-207
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Abstract: This ethnographic case study of the Massachusetts voucher system tests the belief that demand subsidies increase choice and purchasing power for working poor families while improving the quality of care for children. Using multiple methodologies, we examined vouchers' impact on parents, child care providers, and resource and referral agencies. All participants recognized the value of the subsidy. Yet low reimbursement rates forced providers to subsidize the system; many limited or refused vouchers. Providers and families had a strong bond; each was often overwhelmed by and suspicious of voucher administration. Children experienced discontinuity of care. Underresourced, resource and referral agencies struggle to balance a dual mission of service and "policing." Specific policy recommendations were suggested, and adopted, in Massachusetts. (Author abstract)

Title: 2008 Special Focus Report: Trends in Infancy/Early Childhood and Middle Childhood Well-Being, 1994-2006.
Author(s): Land, Kenneth C.
Published: 2008
Available from: New America Foundation
http://www.newamerica.net/
1630 Connecticut Avenue, NW
7th Floor
Washington, DC 20009
Printable version (PDF): http://www.newamerica.net/files/EarlyChildhoodWell-BeingReport-Final_0.pdf
Abstract: This report presents the first wide-ranging picture of how children in their first decade of life are faring in the United States. It is the first report to look comprehensively at the overall health, well-being and quality of life of America's youngest children -- from birth through eleven-years-old, and to track and compare child wellbeing across three primary stages of development -- early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. (Author abstract)

Title: Providing Early Childhood Mental Health Services that Meet the Needs of Young Children and Their Caregivers: Building The Evidence Base [Teleconference].
Published: 2008
Available from: National Technical Assistance Center for Children's Mental Health
http://gucchd.georgetown.edu/programs/ta_center/index.html
Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development
Box 571485
Washington, DC 20057
Document available online at: http://gucchd.georgetown.edu/programs/ta_center/tacalls2008.html
Abstract: Services to young children must be delivered in homes, child care programs and other natural settings to be most effective. Since greater emphasis is being given to evidence-based practices, presenters share some current programs and practices that are being used across the country. They share strategies for collecting and using data to evaluate outcomes. (Author abstract)

Title: Trade-offs in Formulating a Consistent National Policy on Adoption.
Author(s): Hansen, Mary Eschelbach.;Pollack, Daniel.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 2, April 2008, p. 366-374
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: Just as the courts must consider the trade-off between the best interest of the child and parental rights in involuntary termination of parental rights, policy on international adoption must consider the trade-offs between the best interest of the child and the long-term interests of the nation. We argue that countries that suspend international adoptions do not maximize social welfare. A consistent national policy to maximize the well-being of the children and society at large would be to devote resources today to the oversight of international adoption in accord with child protections under the Hague Convention, while at the same time developing a domestic system of care that provides for the physical and developmental needs of orphaned children in the context of permanent families. (Author abstract)

Title: State Secrecy and Child Deaths in the U.S.: An Evaluation of Public Disclosure Practices About Child Abuse or Neglect Fatalities or Near Fatalities, With State Rankings.
Author(s): Reinig, Emily.
Published: 2008
Available from: First Star
http://www.firststar.org/
1666 K Street, N.W., Suite 700


Washington, DC 20006
Printable version (PDF): http://www.firststar.org/documents/State_Secrecy_Report.pdf
Abstract: The report compares the child death and near death disclosure laws and policies of all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia and ranks them from "A" for the best, most transparent policies to "F" for the most secretive or non-existent ones. The Report analyzes states based on the following criteria: (1) Does the state have a public disclosure policy as mandated by CAPTA? (2) Is the state's policy codified in statute, or is it contained in regulation or written (or oral) policy? (3) What is the ease of access to the information (does the policy use mandatory or permissive language, and is the release of information contingent on conditions precedent)? (4) What is the scope of information authorized for release, and are there exceptions that decrease the type of information that will be released? (5) Does the state allow public access to Dependency Court (abuse/neglect) proceedings? (Author abstract)

Title: An Ecological Developmental Perspective on the Consequences of Child Maltreatment (1995-1996): NDACAN Dataset Number 96, User's Guide and Codebook.
Author(s): Johnson, Sarah.;Larrabee-Warner, Holly.;Manly, Jody Todd.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect
http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/NDACAN/AboutNDACAN.html
Beebe Hall - FLDC
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ndacan.cornell.edu/NDACAN/Datasets/UserGuidePDFs/096user.pdf
Abstract: Cicchetti, Lynch, and Manly used the ecological-transactional model of child development to inform a three-part investigation of the links among child maltreatment, environmental conditions, and developmental outcomes. In the first part of the research, the investigators examined the links between community violence, domestic violence, and poverty and the multiple dimensions of child maltreatment assessed by the investigators' classification system. In the second part of the research, the investigators examined the links between child maltreatment and various developmental outcomes. Finally, in accordance with the ecological- transactional perspective, the investigators examined how child maltreatment interacts with other environmental conditions and child factors to shape the path of children's development and their subsequent adaptation. Three hundred children between 7 and 12 years of age were recruited to participate in this study. One hundred sixty-eight children (56% of the sample) had been identified as legally maltreated by the local department of social services and had their caregivers referred to study investigators by social service caseworkers. A demographically similar comparison group of 132 non-maltreated children was recruited from the roll of families receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children. Both groups of children participated in week-long, 30 hour day camp sessions during the summers of 1995 and 1996. Measures of the children's interpersonal functioning, self-functioning, cognitive functioning, and symptoms of distress were assessed through self-, peer-, and counselor ratings. Concurrently, primary caregivers were interviewed about community and home violence. One-year longitudinal data were obtained for 95% of the child participants. Follow-up measures were identical to those used during the first wave except that parent-report ratings were not obtained. This dataset represents year one and two of a four year data collection effort. Dataset #110 contains the third and fourth year follow-up data. (Author abstract)

Title: Promoting American Families: The Role of State Legislation (including, Family Supportive Legislation by State).
Author(s): Seipel, Michael M. O.;Brown, John.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 2, April-June 2008, p. 174-182
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Printable version (PDF): http://www.familiesinsociety.org/Show.asp?docid=3732
Abstract: Families have played a critical role in providing the social, emotional, economic, and spiritual needs of people since time immemorial, without much public support. Families are still relevant to the well-being of individuals and of society, but diverse social events have changed the nature and function of families, and that has created a significant burden on families. There is now a greater need for public support than ever before. Although all states have some legislation for family support, only a few states have demonstrated a commitment to promoting families by enacting legislation that supports family functioning. The findings of this study show that family policies in most states still lag behind the current rhetoric about supporting families. Free registration required to view online article. (Author abstract)

Title: A Nationwide Survey of Mandatory Parent Education.
Author(s): Pollet, Susan L.;Lombreglia, Melissa.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 2, April 2008, p. 375-394
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: In an effort to take positive steps toward coping with problems for families and children created by high levels of separation and divorce, ever increasing civil caseloads and the exposure of children to interparental conflict, court-affiliated educational programs have emerged in the United States for parents separating from their spouse or partner or going through a divorce. This article will provide an overview of the creation of such programs and their development, which includes a discussion regarding the numerous states currently mandating parents to attend. It will summarize some of the research which has been conducted as to the efficacy of the programs and will provide the results of our nationwide research for each state's parent education status. There is a discussion of domestic violence issues and sensitivities in the context of parent education programs and possible future directions for mandatory parent education. (Author abstract)

Title: Our Minds Are Made Up--Don't Confuse Us With the Facts: Commentary on Policies Concerning Children With Sexual Behavior Problems and Juvenile Sex Offenders.
Author(s): Chaffin, Mark.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Child Maltreatment
v. 13, 2, May 2008, p. 110-121
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: This commentary examines four common policy-relevant perceptions of teen and preteen sex offenders--high risk, "specialness," homogeneity, and intransigence. Each perception is contrasted with long-standing as well as more current scientific facts. It is argued that public policies for these youth have been fundamentally driven by misperceptions, resulting in a set of well-intentioned but ultimately flawed policies and practices that are unlikely to deliver either child protection or juvenile justice benefits. These include federal and state policies pertaining to public registration and notification, community management, institutional placement, treatment approaches, and treatment standards. The research evidence about these juveniles is considerably more positive than current policies or clinical practices might suggest, and reflects a sharp disconnect between popular policy-relevant perceptions and the facts as we know them about these diverse cases. (Author abstract)

Title: A Media Campaign Prevention Program for Child Sexual Abuse: Community Members' Perspectives.
Author(s): Self-Brown, Shannon.;Rheingold, Alyssa A.;Campbell, Carole.;de Arellano, Michael A.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
v. 23, 6, June 2008, p. 728-743
Available from: Sage Publications
http://www.sagepub.com
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Abstract: This study examines the face validity and feasibility of materials included in a multimedia child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention campaign. A quantitative survey method assessed participants' comfort level, knowledge gain, and likelihood of behavioral change in response to the media campaign. Furthermore, a focus group method explored participants' attitudes and opinions regarding the campaign and the unique effects of ethnic or cultural norms on participants' acceptance of the media materials. Six groups, established based on participant ethnicity (i.e., three Caucasian groups, two African American groups, one Hispanic group), met at two sites in the Charleston, South Carolina, area. Quantitative data suggest that participants reported increased CSA knowledge and low levels of discomfort or anxiety related to exposure to the materials. Focus group results suggest that study participants, regardless of ethnic background, agreed that the media campaign can have a positive impact on public knowledge of CSA. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: What Does Economics Tell Us About Early Childhood Policy?
Author(s): Kilburn, M. Rebecca.;Karoly, Lynn A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Rand Corporation
http://www.rand.org
1776 Main Street
P.O. Box 2138

Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
Document available online at: http://rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9352/index1.html
Printable version (PDF): http://rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/2008/RAND_RB9352.pdf
Abstract: This research brief describes how insights from the field of economics -- human capital theory and monetary payoffs -- provide science-based guidance for early childhood policy. (Author abstract)

Title: Marketing Healthy Marriage Programs to Married Couples.
Published: 2008
Available from: National Healthy Marriage Resource Center
http://www.healthymarriageinfo.org
10530 Rosehaven Street
Suite 400
Fairfax, VA 22030-2840
Abstract: This fact sheet addresses the challenges facilitators face when trying to recruit participants into their healthy marriage programs. Topics to consider in developing a marketing strategy include identifying your population, marketing methods, crafting your message, cultural sensitivity, appealing to men, and sustaining interest.

Title: The Economics of Early Childhood Policy: What the Dismal Science Has to Say About Investing in Children.
Author(s): Kilburn, M. Rebecca.;Karoly, Lynn A.
Published: 2008
Available from: Rand Corporation
http://www.rand.org
1776 Main Street
P.O. Box 2138

Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
Printable version (PDF): http://rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/2008/RAND_OP227.pdf
Abstract: Scientific discoveries over the past two decades have transformed the way in which researchers, policymakers, and the public think about early childhood. For example, recent research in brain science has provided a biological basis for prevailing theories about early child development, and cost-benefit analysis has reoriented some of the discussion about early childhood toward prevention programs. Several recent reports have been particularly helpful in translating research findings into practical information that improves policy. This paper summarizes the contributions from the field of economics, which has played an increasingly prominent role in recent discussions about early childhood policy. The insights from economics also have broader implications for social programs focused on prevention, especially during childhood, rather than later-in-life remediation. This research will be of value to individuals who are interested in early childhood policy, including decisionmakers in the public and private sectors, service providers, and the public more generally. (Author abstract)

Title: The Calm After the Storm: Using Mediation to Resolve Parenting Disputes in the Wake of Natural Disasters.
Author(s): Lombreglia, Melissa.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Family Court Review
v. 46, 2, April 2008, p. 395-408
Available from: Blackwell Publishing
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/
350 Main Street
Malden, MA 02148
Abstract: Hurricane Katrina not only tore apart communities along the Gulf Coast, it displaced hundreds of thousands of families throughout the country. Included in the massive numbers of displaced families were children from divorced, separated, or unmarried parents. As a result, many children have since relocated far away from one of their parents without court permission, causing an influx of parenting disputes among the unmarried parents. Litigation concerning parenting disputes that follow natural disasters is not only expensive, but is emotionally taxing on both parents and children and floods the already drained court system. This Note discusses alternative ways in which parenting disputes can be resolved following natural disasters. It explains how children are affected by relocating away from one of their parents and how those effects are comounded by natural disasters. Further, it explains how alternative dispute resolution methods help alleviate the effects of parenting disputes, specifically relocation disputes, on children. Finally, this Note proposes that all parents should be mandated to mediate any parenting disputes following natural disasters. (Author abstract)

Title: Profiles of Behavioral Problems in Children Who Witness Domestic Violence.
Author(s): Spilsbury, James C.;Kahana, Shoshana.;Drotar, Dennis.;Creeden, Rosemary.;Flannery, Daniel J.;Friedman, Steve.
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Violence and Victims.
v. 23, 1, 2008, p. 3-17
Available from: Springer
http://www.springer.com/
233 Spring Street
New York, NY 10013
Abstract: Unlike previous investigations of shelter-based samples, our study examined whether profiles of adjustment problems occurred in a community-program-based sample of 175 school-aged children exposed to domestic violence. Cluster analysis revealed three stable profiles/clusters. The largest cluster (69%) consisted of children below clinical thresholds for any internalizing or externalizing problem. Children in the next largest cluster (18%) were characterized as having externalizing problems with or without internalizing problems. The smallest cluster (13%) consisted of children with internalizing problems only. Comparison across demographic and violence characteristics revealed that the profiles differed by child gender, mother's education, child's lifetime exposure to violence, and aspects of the event precipitating contact with the community program. Clinical and future research implications of study findings are discussed. (Author abstact)

Title: Reunification with Children in the Context of Maternal Recovery from Drug Abuse.
Author(s): Carlson, Bonnie E.;Smith, Carolyn.;Matto, Holly.;Eversman, Michael.;
Published: 2008
Journal Name: Families in Society
v. 89, 2, April-June 2008, p. 253-263
Available from: Families in Society
http://www.familiesinsociety.org
11700 West Lake Park Drive
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3099
Abstract: Little is known about mothers? experiences of reunification with children in the context of recovery from drug abuse. Using a stress and coping framework, this qualitative study interviewed 6 mothers and 11 service providers from substance abuse and child welfare agencies regarding reunification experiences. Analysis of themes indicated that multiple parenting stressors and lack of resources and supports complicate women?s abilities to manage parenting pressures upon reunification. Maternal readiness for reunification was an important theme; returning children prematurely heightens risk for poor outcomes, especially if insufficient services are in place to support children?s return home. The stress of dealing with child protective services and multiple service systems was another theme. Implications for service provision to mothers and families are discussed. (Author abstract)

Title: Highly Mobile Children and Youth with Disabilities: Policies and Practices in Five States.
Author(s): Pierce, Luzanne.;Ahearn, Eileen.
Published: 2007
Available from: Project Forum
http://projectforum.org/
c/o NASDSE
1800 Diagonal Road, Suite 320
Alexandria, VA 22314
Printable version (PDF): http://projectforum.org/docs/HighlyMobileChildrenandYouthwithDisabilities-PoliciesandPracticesinFiveStates.pdf
Abstract: The term "highly mobile children and youth" is used to describe a broad population of individuals ages 6-21, who share the condition of having moved six or more times during their school years. This document's primary focus is on a subset of the population of mobile children -- infants, preschoolers, children and youth with disabilities and their families who are highly mobile. First, a background section provides information about policies and practices developed for mobile children at the federal level under the McKinney-Vento Program. The second section is an analysis of interviews with five state directors of special education and their corresponding McKinney-Vento program coordinators regarding how states are addressing the needs of mobile children with disabilities. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Georgia's Guide to Federal and State Sources that Support Youth Workforce Development With a Focus on Foster Youth.
Author(s): Richie, Clare S.
Published: 2007
Available from: Georgia Budget and Policy Institute
http://www.gbpi.org/
100 Edgewood Avenue, Suite 950
Atlanta, GA 30303
Printable version (PDF): http://www.gbpi.org/pubs/specialreport/20070523.pdf
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify the programs and investments made by the state and federal government to employment related programs that target Georgia's youth with a focus on opportunities for foster youth. Compiled data include broadly defined employment programs for youth ages 16-24, funded by state and federal dollars. Data was further broken down by specific youth populations (Foster Youth, High School 11th -12th Graders, High School Dropouts, High School Graduates/GED, Youth (who are) Parents, Youth with Disabilities, Youth with Criminal Records, Low Income Youth, and All Youth.) (Author abstract)

Title: Fact Sheet 1: The Extent of People's Involvement With Alcohol and Drug Services, Child Welfare Services, and the Dependency Court Across Systems (p. B-3 -- B-8 of Screening and Assessment for Family Engagement, Retention and Recovery (SAFERR)).
Published: 2007
Available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Printable version (PDF): http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/prevline/pdfs/SMA07-4261.pdf
Abstract: Estimating the number of families affected by substance use disorders and child abuse and/or neglect is extrapolated based on analyzing data collected in specific studies and applying those findings to national statistics of alcohol and drug services and child abuse and neglect. States and communities assessing their own systems' responses may want to take a similar approach using prevalence data and their own State or community's statistics on overall numbers of cases. Therefore, this fact sheet presents the national systems data, the data on the prevalence of the population that crosses over between systems, and explains the sources of the estimates. (Author abstract)

Title: Healthy Start of Oregon 2005-2006 Status Report Data Tables: Appendix A.
Published: 2007
Available from: NPC Research
http://www.npcresearch.com
4380 SW Macadam Avenue, Suite 530
Portland, OR 97239-6408
Printable version (PDF): http://www.npcresearch.com/Files/Healthy_Start_Status_Report_Appendices_2005-06.pdf
Abstract: This appendix includes 36 data tables that present the FY 2005-06 outcomes of Healthy Start of Oregon, a program designed to offer all first-time parents a range of services appropriate to their needs, ranging from information and educational materials to longer-term, more intensive home visiting services that continue throughout the early childhood years. The data address: characteristics of screened participants; risk factors of screened families; health insurance and health care at screening; acceptance of intensive service; level of Healthy Start service; characteristics of intensive service families; health insurance and health care at screening of intensive service families; risk factors of intensive service families; retention rates by demographic characteristics; reasons for exiting program; immunizations; prenatal care for subsequent births; child growth and development; family outcomes and life events; promotion of positive parenting skills; school readiness; promotion of parent-child interaction; cultural competency and strength orientation of home visitors; ratings of home visitor helpfulness; and parent stress and income change. Data sources are identified and a glossary is provided.

Title: The Role of Data Collection and Evaluation in Supporting Systems Change.
Published: 2007
Available from: Research and Training Center on Family Support and Children's Mental Health
http://www.rtc.pdx.edu/
PO Box 751

Portland, OR 97207-0751
Printable version (PDF): http://www.rtc.pdx.edu/PDF/dt140.pdf
Abstract: This paper presents a case study of one state's efforts to reform the mental health services offered within the child welfare system, focusing on the role that evaluation and research played in jumpstarting and guiding system change. The article highlights how it is important to bring in not only a new way of approaching care but also the resources and support needed to build implementation capacity. (Author abstract)

Title: The Next Chapter in Reforming Utah's Child Welfare System: Parties Agree to End Active Court Oversight.
Author(s): Welch, Leecia.;Schroth, Tracy.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Youth Law News
v. 28, 4, October-December 2007, p. 1, 3-6, 24-26
Available from: National Center for Youth Law
http://www.youthlaw.org/
405 14th Street, 15th Floor
Oakland, CA 94612
Abstract: This article discusses the end of a 14-year-old lawsuit filed by the National Center for Youth Law (NCYL) to reform Utah's child welfare system. It discusses the progress that Utah has made from being one of the worst to one of the best child welfare systems in the county, and shares recent data that indicates the State is investigating abuse and neglect more rapidly, case workers are visiting children monthly, foster children are receiving timely and appropriate health care services, and children are moving more quickly to adoption. Critical factors that led to the improvements in Utah's system are explained, as well as the exit agreement timeline and mechanisms for preventing a backslide. 19 references.

Title: Sibling Outcomes from a Randomized Trial of Evidence-Based Treatments with Substance Abusing Juvenile Offenders.
Author(s): Rowland, Melisa D.;Chapman, Jason E.;Henggeler, Scott W.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse
v. 17, 3, 2008, p. 11-26
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This study examined the substance use and delinquency outcomes for the nearest age siblings of substance abusing and delinquent adolescents that participated in a randomized clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of integrating evidence-based practices into juvenile drug court. The sample of 70 siblings averaged 14.4 years of age, 50% were male, 71% were African-American, and 27% were white. Measures of sibling substance use and delinquency were collected at four points in time (i.e., pretreatment, 4 months, 12 months, 18 months). Multilevel Longitudinal Models were used to evaluate whether changes in sibling substance use and delinquency paralleled the treatment effects observed for their substance abusing brothers and sisters in the juvenile drug court study. Parallel sibling outcomes were obtained for substance use but not for criminal behavior, and possible reasons for the divergence in these results were discussed. The findings add meaningfully to the literature on the effects of evidence- and family-based treatment on siblings. (Author abstract)

Title: TANF Funds and Healthy Marriage Activities.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Healthy Marriage Resource Center
http://www.healthymarriageinfo.org
10530 Rosehaven Street
Suite 400
Fairfax, VA 22030-2840
Printable version (PDF): http://healthymarriageinfo.org/docs/tanffundhmact.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet outlines how TANF funds can be used to fund programs that develop and maintain healthy marriages/families. (Author abstract)

Title: Substance Use, Abuse, Dependence Continuum, and Principles of Effective Treatment (Appendix E of Screening and Assessment for Family Engagement, Retention and Recovery (SAFERR)).
Published: 2007
Available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Printable version (PDF): http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/prevline/pdfs/SMA07-4261.pdf
Abstract: This appendix includes a table that summarizes the differences between substance use, abuse, and dependence, and it highlights implications for risk to children based on a parent's use, abuse, or dependence on alcohol or other drugs. The box shown after this chart provides the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) researched-based Principles of Effective Drug Treatment. (Author abstract)

Title: Do We Count Fathers in Minnesota? : Searching for Key Indicators of the Well-being of Fathers & Families.
Published: 2007
Available from: Minnesota Fathers & Families Network
http://www.mnfathers.org
161 Saint Anthony Avenue, Suite 845
Saint Paul, MN 55103
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mnfathers.org/DoWeCountFathers.pdf
Abstract: This 80-page report examines the health and well-being of Minnesota's fathers and families. The report includes an introduction that examines the importance of fatherhood, statistics about Minnesota's fathers, and recommendations for promoting healthy fatherhood. (Author abstract)

Title: Homelessness and Child Welfare Services in New York City: Exploring Trends and Opportunites for Improving Outcomes for Children and Youth.
Author(s): Culhane, Dennis P.;Park, Jung Min.
Published: 2007
Available from: ScholarlyCommons@Penn
http://repository.upenn.edu/
c/o Van Pelt-Dietrich Library Center
3420 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6206
Printable version (PDF): http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=spp_papers
Abstract: For over a decade, national research has shown that many disadvantaged youth and families experience both homelessness and involvement in child welfare services. However, prior to the research summarized here, no population-based research had examined systematically the extent and dynamics by which children and youth experience both of these service systems. This white paper for the New York City Administration for Children's Services (ACS) provides a summary of three studies that looked carefully at how these two important social welfare systems have shared a population, and how our improved understanding of these intersecting systems of care can promote better outcomes and improved quality of life for children and youth. (Author abstract)

Title: Quality Improvement Center on Adoption: Final Evaluation Report.
Author(s): Atkinson, Anne J.
Published: 2007
Available from: Child Welfare Information Gateway
http://www.childwelfare.gov
Children's Bureau/ACYF
1250 Maryland Avenue, SW
Eighth Floor
Washington, DC 20024
Printable version (PDF): http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20070810104754-5736.pdf
Abstract: The Quality Improvement Center on Adoption (QICA) examined a "success model" of adoption involving structural changes and practice improvements designed to strengthen the effectiveness of adoption services delivery systems and to produce improved adoption outcomes for children in foster care. Three QICA sub-grantee projects created more effective adoption services delivery systems using a "success model" of adoption by establishing collaborative public-private partnerships, aligning public and private resources regionally to achieve greater staff adoption specialization, and implementing evidence based practices. In each of the three projects, about 70 percent of children served were adopted. Beyond children directly served by projects, adoptions of foster children in project areas were greatly increased and accelerated, far exceeding state average and comparison localities' performance. Partnerships established organizational structures that effectively focused on systems-level practice improvements and on case-level services planning and decision making. Projects not only improved the levels and quality of services delivered during the study period, but also facilitated the institutionalization of numerous evidence based practices that were sustained beyond the period of grant funding. Projects were also effective in providing support and consultation to child welfare workers and in actively engaging workers in reflective practice to improve practices. This worker support and engagement in practice improvements yielded unanticipated benefits in terms of building child welfare staff competence, strengthening commitment to evidence based adoption practices, and improving morale. Findings demonstrate the value of a "success model" employing both structural and practice reforms to address the interrelated organizational, policy, and practice issues that affect adoption service delivery effectiveness and outcomes. (Author abstract) Appendices available at http://www.bestadoptva.org/umfs_doc/adopt_content/20080204151302-1749.pdf

Title: Aging Out of EPSDT: Issues for Young Adults with Disabilities.
Author(s): Williams, Bob.;Tolbert, Jennifer.
Published: 2007
Available from: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
http://www.kff.org/
2400 Sand Hill Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Printable version (PDF): http://www.kff.org/medicaid/upload/7491.pdf
Abstract: This issue brief discusses the challenges and implications for young people with disabilities of losing the EPSDT benefit when they become adults. This brief focuses on those children with severe disabilities who, if they maintain Medicaid coverage as adults, will do so on the basis of their disability. Therefore, the discussion of the Medicaid benefit package for adults is limited to the existing federal rules, which will continue to apply to adults with disabilities. (Author abstract)

Title: Elements of Promising Practice for Fatherhood Programs : Evidence-Based Research Findings on Programs for Fathers.
Author(s): Bronte-Tinkew, Jacinta.;Carrano, Jennifer.;Allen,Tiffany.;Bowie, Lillian.;Mbawa, Kassim.;Matthews, Gregory.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Responsible Fatherhood Clearinghouse
http://www.fatherhood.gov
101 Lake Forest Boulevard
Suite 360
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Abstract: This report discusses the outcomes of a research review that evaluated evidence-based research findings on programs for fathers. It begins by emphasizing the importance of fatherhood interventions, identifying barriers to male participation in programs, and explaining principles that were used to identify rigorous research and the criteria used for considering fatherhood programs for the review. Different types of fatherhood programs are described, along with ten characteristics of effective fatherhood programs. Effective programs incorporated teaching methods and materials that were appropriate for fathers and the cultures of the populations served; selected teachers or leaders who believed in the program they were implementing and then provided them with training; had a higher staff-participant ratio; used targeted curricula; used theoretical approaches that have been effective in influencing parenting behaviors in other contexts; employed a variety of teaching methods designed to focus on the fathers as individuals, and thereby personalized the information; lasted a sufficient amount of time to complete important core activities adequately; had staff who engaged in one-on-one relationships with fathers; encouraged the use of an incentive to fathers and or their families; and replicated their curricula with fidelity. Ten strategies for fatherhood programs are also considered, and conclusions about the state of research on the effectiveness of fatherhood programs are shared. The appendices then describe 8 model fatherhood programs, 14 promising fatherhood programs, and 12 emerging fatherhood programs. Each description includes information on the program?s goals, targeted population, evaluation design, structure, content, design, and evaluation findings. 3 tables and 23 references.

Title: Promotion and Prevention in Mental Health: Strengthening Parenting and Enhancing Child Resilience. Report to Congress.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Printable version (PDF): http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/ken/pdf/SVP-0186.pdf
Abstract: The purpose of this report is to respond to requests made by the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services. The report begins by describing the public health context for the promotion of mental health and the prevention of mental disorders in children. It then describes opportunities for implementing evidence-based programs to reach families in need and summarizes the evidence base that shows that the programs do indeed strengthen the caretaking skills of parents and other caregivers and enhance child resilience. Next, it presents current knowledge about the economics of these programs, suggests how to reach families with interventions, and concludes with recommendations for further dissemination of these programs. (Author abstract)

Title: Strengthening Child Protective Services: Comparing SB 758, HB 2140, and HB 3916 with HB 1361.
Author(s): Burstain, Jane.
Published: 2007
Available from: Center for Public Policy Priorities
http://www.cppp.org
900 Lydia Street
Austin, TX 78702
Printable version (PDF): http://www.cppp.org/files/4/POP%20283.pdf
Abstract: In 2005, the 79th Texas Legislature considered whether to privatize any or all of the child protective responsibilities of the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS). At that time, a push to privatize resulted in a mandate to completely privatize case management and substitute care services throughout the state by 2011, with the first region to be privatized by the end of 2007. After contract difficulties, however, implementation of this mandate was put on hold. This legislative session, privatization is under reconsideration. This policy page examines privatization and whether it is the best approach to improving Texas' child welfare system. (Author abstract)

Title: Measuring Youth Program Quality: A Guide to Assessment Tools.
Author(s): Yohalem, Nicole.;Wilson-Ahlstrom, Alicia.;Fischer, Sean.;Shinn, Marybeth.;
Published: 2007
Available from: The Forum for Youth Investment
http://www.forumfyi.org/
The Cady-Lee House
7064 Eastern Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20012
Abstract: With the after-school and youth development fields expanding and maturing over the past several years, program quality assessment has emerged as a central theme. This interest in program quality is shared by practitioners, policy makers and researchers in the youth-serving sector. From a research perspective, more evaluations are including an assessment of program quality and many have incorporated setting-level measures (where the object of measurement is the program, not the participants) in their designs. At the policy level, decisionmakers are looking for ways to ensure that resources are allocated to programs likely to have an impact, and are increasingly building quality assessment and improvement expectations into requests for proposals and program regulations. At the practice level, programs, organizations and systems are looking for tools that help concretize what effective practice looks like and allow practitioners to assess, reflect on, and improve their programs. With this growing interest in program quality has come an increase in the number of tools available to help programs and systems assess and improve quality. Given the size and diversity of the youth-serving sector, it is unrealistic to expect that any one quality assessment tool will fit all programs or circumstances. While diversity in available resources is positive and reflects the evolution of the field, it also makes it important that potential users have access to good information to help guide their decisionmaking. Over the last two years, we at the Forum have found ourselves regularly fielding questions related to program quality assessment including what tools exist, what it takes to use them, and what might work best under what conditions. The need to offer guidance to the field in terms of available resources has become increasingly clear. This guide was designed to compare the purpose, structure, content and technical properties of several youth program quality assessment tools. (Author abstract)

Title: Kids' Share 2007: How Children Fare in the Federal Budget.
Author(s): Carasso, Adam.;Steuerle, C. Eugene.;Reynolds, Gillian.
Published: 2007
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Document available online at: http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=411432
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411432_Kids_Share_2007.pdf
Abstract: This study reports on trends in federal spending on children from 1960 to 2017, looking across over 100 major federal programs, including tax credits and exemptions. Children's spending increasingly shifted from broad-based programs to programs targeting low-income or special needs children over the 1960 to 2006 period. Thirteen major programs enacted between 1960 and 2006, which include Medicaid, the earned income tax credit, and Food Stamps, comprised 65 percent of federal spending on children in 2006. Overall, federal children's spending increased in real terms from $53 billion in 1960 to $333 billion in 2006, or from 1.9 to 2.6 percent of GDP. Yet as a share of federal domestic spending, children's spending declined from 20.1 to 15.4 percent. Meanwhile, spending on the automatically growing, non-child portions of Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, nearly quadrupled from 2.0 to 7.6 percent of GDP ($58 billion to $993 billion) over the same time period. Over the next ten years, children's programs are scheduled to decline both as a share of GDP and domestic spending, because they do not compete on a level playing field with these rapidly growing entitlement programs. (Author abstract)

Title: A McKinney-Vento Toolbox: Constructing a Robust and Rigorous Homeless Education Program, In Case of Disaster and Every Day.
Author(s): Calfee, Carol.;Julianelle, Patricia.
Published: 2007
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/dis_hb/toolbox.pdf
Abstract: This toolbox is designed to help school districts implement the McKinney-Vento Act fully, so they can address the needs of children and youth experiencing homelessness on a daily basis and in times of disaster. The toolbox contains information and practical lessons learned and resources developed during the recovery process following the 2005 Gulf Coast hurricanes. (Author abstract)

Title: Helping Grandparent Caregivers: Kinship Navigator Programs.
Author(s): Williams-Mbenque, Nina.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: LegisBrief
v. 15, 27, June/July 2007, p. 1-2
Available from: National Conference of State Legislatures
http://www.ncsl.org
444 North Capitol Street, N.W., Suite 515
Washington, DC 20001
Abstract: This policy brief explains the development of comprehensive, statewide kinship care navigator programs to help grandparents and relative caregivers navigate the various systems and access needed services and benefits. It describes the development of kinship navigator programs in Ohio, New Jersey, and Washington, and the authorization of navigator programs in Connecticut, Kentucky, New York, and Indiana. The proposed federal Kinship Caregiver Support Act is also noted. 1 reference.

Title: The Challenge of Workforce Management in a Global Society: Modeling the Relationship Between Diversity, Inclusion, Organizational Culture, and Employee Well-Being, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Committment.
Author(s): Findler, Liora.;Wind, Leslie H.;Barak, Michalle E. Mor.
Published: 2007
Journal Name: Administration in Social Work.
v. 31, 3, 2007, p. 63-94
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: Social work managers are increasingly challenged by the growing need to effectively manage workforce diversity and to create a welcoming and inclusive organizational environment. This is particularly important in light of the disproportional representation of women and members of minority groups in human service organizations and the gap between diversity of the client population versus the diversity of the staff. With social identity theory and inclusion-exclusion conceptual framework as a backdrop, this study tests a comprehensive theory-based model of the relationship between diversity, organizational culture, and employee outcomes. Using structural equations modeling, the proposed model was tested in a representative sample of one hundred and fourteen employees in a high tech company in Israel. The results point to significant paths between diversity and organizational-culture variables and between organizational-culture variables such as fairness, inclusion, stress, and social support to employee outcomes of well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Within the context of globalization, implications for social work management practices are drawn, particularly for implementing policies and practices that promote an inclusive organizational culture and a sense of belonging, satisfaction, and commitment in employees. (Author abstract)

Title: State Infant and Toddler Initiative Profiles.
Published: 2007
Available from: Center for Law and Social Policy
http://www.clasp.org
1015 15th Street NW, Suite 400
Washington, DC 20005
Document available online at: http://www.clasp.org/publications/state_infanttoddler_profiles.htm
Abstract: In-depth information on the state initiatives highlighted in Starting Off Right: Promoting Child Development from Birth in State Early Care and Education Initiatives.

Title: The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005: Implications for Children Receiving Child Welfare Services [Fact Sheet].
Published: 2006
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/0A45850D-3AD3-4DAD-A02F-FA69F0217EF6/1126/DeficitReductionActof2005_Fact_Sheet3_15.pdf
Abstract: This fact sheet summarizes the impact of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 on children receiving child welfare services. It highlights four aspects of the Medicaid provisions of the Act, which could adversely affect children in foster care: Medicaid eligibility and documentation of citizenship, changes affecting benefits and coverage, revisions in premium and cost-sharing rules, and restrictions on the availability of federal funding to support state expenditures for Medicaid-covered targeted case management and case management services. Possible responses and solutions are discussed.

Title: Case Planning Desk Reference for Emergency Situations.
Author(s): Webster, Sarah.;Roe, Melody.
Published: 2006
Available from: Adoption Exchange Association
http://www.adoptuskids.org/
8015 Corporate Drive
Suite C


Baltimore, MD 21236
Printable version (PDF): http://216.38.216.37/adoptusa/documents/Case_Planning_Desk_Reference_FINAL.pdf
Abstract: In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, States experienced circumstances that had never before been experienced in such magnitude and with such far-reaching impact. While disasters had been experienced before, no single prior disaster had the impact of this experience. This event has awakened the child welfare field to the need for more extensive planning for the future. While everyone hopes that there will never again be a disaster with the impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, the reality exists that disasters will occur in the future and planning now can lessen the impact such disasters could have on child welfare programs across the country. As a result of such planning, the State of Louisiana asked AdoptUsKids to prepare a reference guide for their staff who might face future situations where children in care are displaced from the State or their parish of jurisdiction, from their birth parents, from their case workers and/or from the courts that held jurisdiction. Continuing efforts to achieve permanency for children in care becomes a greater challenge in the wake of such calamity. The intent of this guide is to assist the worker in developing a well-informed recommendation to the court based upon thoughtful planning and sufficient information. It is not intended to make individual case decisions but rather to ensure critical elements are considered. While there may not be answers to every question, using these questions as a guide will assist in providing documentation to support and inform a caseworker's recommendations. This guide is based upon two basic assumptions: 1) Safety of the child is first and foremost, and 2) Obtaining permanency that affords a sense of belonging is first and foremost in a child's or youth's case plan. While it is recognized that the ultimate decision maker will be the court of jurisdiction, the agency has an obligation to provide the court with critical information and the rationale considered leading to any recommendation they may make to the court. (Author abstract)

Title: Extending Foster Care Beyond Age 18.
Author(s): Christian, Steve.
Published: 2006
Journal Name: LegisBrief
v. 14, 37, October 2006, p. 1-2
Available from: National Conference of State Legislatures
http://www.ncsl.org
444 North Capitol Street, N.W., Suite 515
Washington, DC 20001
Abstract: This policy brief explores extending foster care to young people past the age of 18. It cites States who have policies or laws providing for the extension of foster care and reviews cost considerations for funding extended care. State statistics on the cost of extending foster care are shared, as well as the argument that cost savings in the areas of indigent medical care, criminal justice, welfare, and corrections offset the increased cost of extending foster care beyond age 18. 1 reference.

Title: Meeting the Needs of GLB Youth in Residential Care Settings: A Framework for Assessing the Unique Needs of a Vulnerable Population.
Author(s): Block, Rebecca G.;Matthews, John D.
Published: 2006
Journal Name: Residential treatment for children and youth : the official journal of the American Association of Children's Residential Centers.
v. 23, 3/4, p. 181-199
Available from: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
325 Chestnut Street
Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Abstract: This article explores uses for strengths-based assessment of gay, lesbian and bisexual youth in residential care. Gay, lesbian and bisexual (GLB) youth face unique challenges such as stigma management and disclosure. In addition, GLB youth are also at increased risk for drug use, suicide and unprotected sex. Consequently, the needs of GLB youth differ upon entering residential care. Using the strengths perspective offers a variety of techniques and strategies for advancing efficacy and efficiency of assessment for GLB youth entering residential care. Applying the strengths perspective to the assessment process seeks to increase the level of empowerment experienced by the youth, enhance rapport building between client and clinician and providing an introduction into residential care that is client-centered and client driven. The pivotal nature of assessment in serving and treating youth in residential care make it a natural target for improved service delivery to GLB youth. (Author abstract)

Title: Children's Mental Health: Strategies for Providing High Quality and Cost Effective Care.
Author(s): Douglass, Nam.;Owen, Jenni.;Berlin, Lisa J.
Published: 2006
Available from: Policy Institute for Family Impact Seminars
http://www.familyimpactseminars.org/
UW-Madison/Extension
1300 Linden Drive, Rm 130


Madison, WI 53706
Printable version (PDF): http://www.familyimpactseminars.org/s_ncfis02report.pdf
Abstract: Policymakers and mental health professionals in North Carolina and across the nation are increasingly concerned about identifying children with mental illness and transforming the systems through which children receive mental health services. Along with efforts to increase the availability of services for all people with mental illness, there has been a particular emphasis on improving the quality of children's mental health services. This Family Impact Seminar briefing report discusses strategies for providing high quality and cost effective children's mental health services. A "family impact perspective" on policymaking informs this report. Just as policymakers routinely consider the environmental or economic impact of policies and programs, Family Impact Seminars help policymakers examine impact on families by providing objective, solution-oriented research to state policymakers. (Author's abstract)

Title: Helping Children and Adolescents Cope with Violence and Disasters: What Parents Can Do: For Parents of Children Exposed to Violence or Disaster.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/
Science Writing, Press, and Dissemination Branch
6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 8184, MSC 9663

Bethesda, MD 20892-9663
Document available online at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/helping-children-and-adolescents-cope-with-violence-and-disasters/parents.cfm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/helping-children-and-adolescents-cope-with-violence-and-disasters-what-parents-can-do/helping-children-and-adolescents-cope-with-violence-and-disasters-what-parents-can-do.pdf
Abstract: A booklet that describes what parents can do to help children and adolescents cope with violence and disasters.

Title: Effective Communication about the Early Years: The Elements of the Frame. Part Two.
Author(s): Rappaport, Debbie M.
Published: 2006
Available from: Zero to Three: National Center for Infants, Toddlers, and Families
http://www.zerotothree.org
2000 M Street, NW, Suite 200
Washington, DC 20036
Printable version (PDF): http://www.zerotothree.org/site/DocServer/framing_article_part_three_final.pdf?docID=1903
Abstract: The third in a series of articles on effective communication about the early years, this article continues our look at the elements of a frame and the ways in which infant-toddler advocates can use these elements effectively in communicating with policymakers. The elements of a frame help people understand new information by providing cues for how to interpret the communication. In the previous framing article, we examined the first three elements of the frame-context, numbers and messengers. This article examines three additional elements of the frame -- visuals, tone, and metaphors and simplifying models -- the research which supports each element, how to use it effectively in your communications and examples that relate each element directly to communicating infant-toddler issues. (Author abstract)

Title: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) : Seventh Annual Report to Congress.
Published: 2006
Available from: United States Administration for Children and Families
http://www.acf.hhs.gov
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Document available online at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/data-reports/annualreport7/ar7index.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/data-reports/annualreport7/TANF_7th_Report_Final_101006.doc
Abstract: This report describes the characteristics and financial circumstances of TANF recipients and presents information regarding TANF caseloads and expenditures, work participation and earnings, State High Performance Bonus awards, child support collections, two-parent family formation and maintenance activities, out-of-wedlock births, and child poverty. In addition, it documents specific provisions of State programs, summarizes current TANF research and evaluation, and provides profiles for each State. (Author abstract)

Title: Meeting the Educational Needs of Students Displaced by Disasters: Youth on Their Own.
Published: 2006
Available from: National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE
http://www.serve.org/nche
P.O. Box 5367
Greensboro, NC 27435
Printable version (PDF): http://www.serve.org/nche/downloads/briefs/csds_youth.pdf
Abstract: The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act ensures educational protections for youth who are homeless and unaccompanied. This document explains key aspects of the law and provides strategies for implementation. (Author abstract modified)

Title: Questionnaires and Guides available for UN Study on Violence against Children [Website].
Published: 2006
Available from: International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN)
http://www.ispcan.org/
245 W. Roosevelt Road, Building 6, Suite 39
West Chicago, IL 60185
Document available online at: http://www.ispcan.org/questionnaires.htm
Abstract: With assistance from UNICEF and the Oak Foundation, the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) has developed questionnaires and interview guides for collecting data on the extent and depth of child abuse. The project was undertaken in conjunction with the UN Secretary General's Study on Violence against Children and has been a joint project with UN HCHR, WHO, and UNICEF, conducted with NGOs, governments and professionals internationally. This is the first UN Study on Violence Against Children. Key components of the questionnaire development process consisted of questionnaire design, Delphi process involving expert review of the tools by more than 100 professionals from different countries, field testing of the questionnaires in 8 countries, data analysis and final refinement of questionnaire and research guides. Most child abuse research has been conducted in affluent, western countries. One significant barrier to research worldwide has been a lack of suitable tools to use in local surveys with children and young people. It is hoped that these tools that ISPCAN has developed will remove this barrier. It is also envisioned that the availability of a common tool will enable systematic comparison of data across cultures, time or between research groups even when such groups operate within the same country or use the same language. The tools are developed for gathering information in three areas: (1) parent interview that will ask about the child's exposure to violence in the home; (2) young adult version for adults who have recently become independent; (3) a complementary child instrument for children over 11 years of age. (Author abstract)

Title: The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005: Implications for Children Receiving Child Welfare Services.
Author(s): Rubin, David.;Halfon, Neal.;Raghavan, Ramesh.;Rosenbaum, Sara.;Johnson, Kay.
Published: 2006
Available from: Casey Family Programs
http://www.casey.org
1300 Dexter Avenue North, Floor 3

Seattle, WA 98109-3542
Document available online at: http://www.casey.org/Resources/Publications/DeficitReductionAct.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.casey.org/NR/rdonlyres/0A45850D-3AD3-4DAD-A02F-FA69F0217EF6/1125/CASEY_REPORTDeficitReductionActFINAL.pdf
Abstract: This report outlines policy leaders' specific concerns and recommendations for how to respond to and solve DRA challenges that relate directly to children in foster care. The report provides analysis on four potential pitfalls: (1) medicaid eligibility and documentation of citizenship, (2) changes affecting benefits and coverage, (3) revisions in premium and cost-sharing rules, and (4) restrictions on the availability of federal funding to support state expenditures for Medicaid-covered targeted case management and case management services. For each topic, the report reviews Medicaid policy and practice prior to the DRA, describes key DRA revisions, along with early federal guidance where available, and assesses the implications of these changes for child welfare policy and practice. (Author abstract)

Title: Promising Practices of Safe Start Demonstration Project Sites, 2005. Draft.
Published: 2006
Available from: Association for the Study and Development of Community
http://capacitybuilding.net/
438 N. Frederick Ave., Suite 315
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Printable version (PDF): http://www.capacitybuilding.net/Promising%20Practices/Safe%20Start%20Promising%20Practices%20Report%202006.pdf
Abstract: The National Safe Start Demonstration Project was created as a "holistic approach to prevent and reduce the harmful effects of exposure to violence on young children by improving access to, delivery of, and quality of services to children and their families at any point of entry into relevant services." The Project emphasizes both service delivery and systems change activities, as well as the inclusion and collaboration of service providers, public officials, and community members in the planning and implementation of the Project. All Safe Start Demonstration Project activities were to be designed based on the available scientific and practice literature about serving children exposed to violence, resulting in evidence-based programming. This report summarizes the promising practices that the 11 Demonstration sites have created and implemented. These practices are organized according to key issues identified by project stakeholders during site visits conducted by the National Evaluation Team in 2005. Specifically: Data-based decision-making, Improving the capacity to collaborate, Increasing awareness of children exposed to violence, Gaining entrée into communities, Increasing identification and referrals, Engaging and retaining children exposed to violence and their families in services, Improving court responses to children exposed to violence, and Sustainability. (Author abstract)

Title: Final Report to the Legislature: Child Welfare Financing.
Published: 2006
Available from: New York State Office of Children and Family Services
http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us
Capital View Office Park
52 Washington Street

Rensselaer, NY 12144-2796
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/main/reports/CWF_12_2006.pdf
Abstract: This report, which has been submitted to the Governor and Legislature, assesses the implementation of the CWF provisions through June 13, 2005. There are three components to CWF: uncapped State reimbursement of 65 percent for a variety of child welfare services, a Foster Care Block Grant, and a Quality Enhancement Fund. Each component is intended to promote safety, well being and permanency for children. (Author abstract)

Title: Spouse Abuse, Child Abuse, and Substance Abuse Among Army Families: Co-Occurrence, Correlates and Service Delivery Issues.
Author(s): Gibbs, Deborah A.
Published: 2006
Available from: Defense Technical Information Center
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/index.html
Fort Belvoir, VA
Printable version (PDF): http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA453955
Abstract: The objective of this study is to identify opportunities to help military families experiencing violence and/or substance abuse and establish best practices for coordinating multiple service delivery for these families. Researchers hypothesize significant overlap of child abuse, spouse abuse, and/or substance abuse in Army families experiencing violence, and that Army and civilian social service agency staff are not providing a coordinated response to serving these families. The study is guided by the following three aims: (1) Examine characteristics of Army personnel and families experiencing co-occurrence of child abuse, spouse abuse, and/or substance abuse; (2) Identify characteristics of Army service providers and organizations that facilitate or impede service linkage; and (3) Describe perceptions of Army and civilian responders, service providers, and families about needs regarding service delivery and linkage, current and best practices, and barriers to delivering or receiving services. (Author abstract)

Title: Statement of Shared Values and Guiding Principles / Minnesota Children's Justice Initiative-Alcohol and Other Drug Project.
Published: 2006
Available from: Minnesota Judicial Branch
http://www.mncourts.gov/
Minnesota Judicial Center
25 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd.
St. Paul, MN 55155
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mncourts.gov/documents/0/Public/Children's_Justice_Initiative/Statement_of_Shared_Values_Guiding_Principles_(final).pdf
Abstract: The purpose of this Statement is to guide the collaborative efforts of the undersigned parties as they work together to improve the effective delivery of services by local agencies and the courts, on behalf of children and families involved in the child protection system due to alcohol and other drug problems. The undersigned parties will cooperate to provide leadership and guidance to the courts, child welfare agencies and AOD service providers. (Author abstract)

Title: Promising Practices of Safe Start Demonstration Sites: A First Look.
Published: 2005
Available from: Association for the Study and Development of Community
http://capacitybuilding.net/
438 N. Frederick Ave., Suite 315
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Printable version (PDF): http://www.capacitybuilding.net/Promising%20Practices/SafeStartPromisingPractices.pdf
Abstract: The National Safe Start Demonstration Project ("Safe Start Demonstration") was created as a "holistic approach to prevent and reduce the harmful effects of exposure to violence on young children by improving access to, delivery of, and quality of services to children and their families at any point of entry into relevant services." The project emphasizes both service delivery and systems change activities, as well as the inclusion and collaboration of service providers, public officials, and community members in the planning and implementation of the Initiative. All Safe Start Demonstration activities were to be designed based on the available scientific and practice literature about serving CEV, resulting in evidence-based programming. This report summarizes the promising practices that the 11 Demonstration Sites created and were implementing. These practices are organized along the major dimensions of the Safe Start Demonstration Project national logic model. Those dimensions are: (1) Local agency and community engagement and collaboration; (2) Systems change activities, including: Development of policies, procedures, and protocols; Service integration; Resource development; and Community awareness; and (3) New/expanded/enhanced programming, including: Identification of CEV; Assessment of exposure and impact of exposure; Referral to services; Treatment and service delivery to CEV; and Follow- up of treatment and services to CEV2. The National Safe Start Demonstration Project logic model can be found in Appendix A. (Author abstract)

Title: Baby's Months 13-18.
Published: 2005
Available from: Child Development Media
http://www.childdevmedia.com/
5632 Van Nuys Blvd., Suite 286
Van Nuys, CA 91401
Abstract: This fourth curriculum in the Partners for a Healthy Baby series incorporates neurodevelopment research, infant mental health, and evidence-based best practices during later infancy. Practical applications of research are integrated throughout the curriculum in strategies families can use for promoting warm nurturing relationships, making changes toward healthier lifestyles, recognizing early warning signs of health and developmental problems, and supporting and enriching their child's development. The handouts summarize critical points on topics including supporting early language and literacy development, providing environments that support independent movement, choosing quality child care, providing appropriate guidance for young children, and the importance of routines for young children, dealing with temper tantrums and help visitors introduce topics that may otherwise be awkward to broach. (Author abstract)

Title: Media Outreach Guide for Rural Child Welfare Agencies.
Author(s): Jaudon, Brian.;McMahon, John.
Published: 2005
Available from: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
http://ssw.unc.edu/
School of Social Work
Tate-Turner-Kuralt Bldg., 325 Pittsboro St., CB# 3550
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3550
Document available online at: http://www.ruralsuccess.org/mediaguide.htm
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ruralsuccess.org/RSP_mediaguide.pdf
Abstract: This guide is meant to help directors, administrators, and supervisors from rural child welfare agencies assess and expand their ability to communicate with community stakeholders using the media.

Title: Baby's Months 7-12.
Published: 2004
Available from: Child Development Media
http://www.childdevmedia.com/
5632 Van Nuys Blvd., Suite 286
Van Nuys, CA 91401
Abstract: This third curriculum in the Partners for a Healthy Baby series incorporates neurodevelopment research, infant mental health, and evidence-based best practices during infancy. Practical applications of research are integrated throughout the curriculum in strategies for supporting baby's development such as bonding and attachment, continuity of care, the effects of stress on the parents and infant, health and safety, mother's physical and emotional health, and ways to promote the baby's overall development through daily care routines, toys and books, and building a trusting relationship. The handouts offer practical guidance to families dealing with baby's stranger anxiety, increasing mobility, and desire for independence. (Author abstract)

Title: A Statistical Portrait of Well-being in Early Adulthood.
Author(s): Brown, Brett V.;Moore, Kristin A.;Bzostek, Sharon.;Scarupa, Harriet J.
Published: 2004
Journal Name: CrossCurrents
2, August 2004,
Available from: Child Trends
http://www.childtrends.org
4301 Connecticut Avenue, NW
Suite 350

Washington, DC 20008
Printable version (PDF): http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/PDF/Young%20Adults%20Brief.pdf
Abstract: In this data brief, we describe key characteristics of young adults in the United States at or around age 25. These characteristics include educational attainment and financial self-sufficiency, health behaviors, family formation, and civic involvement. In addition, we present separate descriptive portraits for the major racial groups and among Hispanics and immigrants. These portraits reveal very distinct patterns of well-being in early adulthood, and these patterns can inform future policies directed towards these groups as the nation seeks to reduce racial disparities and facilitate better long-term outcomes for all of America's children and youth, especially those who are at risk. (Author abstract)

Title: United States Child Welfare Policies and Enforcement Across Cultural Groups.
Author(s): Fedyszyn-Carr, Natasha.
Published: 2004
Available from: East Carolina University
http://www.ecu.edu/
East Fifth St.
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
Document available online at: http://www.ecu.edu/african/sersas/Papers/Fedyszyn-CarrNatashaSpring2005.htm
Abstract: This paper explores disproportionate child abuse practices impacting minority families, and reports the results of a study that was both quantitative and qualitative in nature. The quantitative data set utilized was the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Summary Data Component for 1990-1999 on Child Abuse and Neglect. Bivariate analysis was performed and correlations were calculated between minority status and case reporting rate, case substantiation rate, and child removal rate. Quantitative data were also used from the U.S. Census Bureau reports on Poverty, the Foreign-Born population, and Racial Distribution of the population overall. An additional correlation was calculated to determine the relationship between poverty and case substantiation. Qualitative information reviewed and utilized included federal legislation, federal studies and reports, court cases, State regulations, codes, and manuals, privately funded child advocacy organizational reports and articles, journal articles, and newspaper and magazine articles. Following a literature review, the report discusses findings from the study. Quantitative findings indicated a positive correlation of .444 nationwide for the screening in of reports alleging maltreatment by minorities. In addition, virtually all States reporting the data (n=34) indicated minority population allegations far above the national average ethnic population, as well as far higher than the minority population within each State. Though the data analysis performed did not break down types of cases substantiated, it did find a positive correlation, though not at the level of significance, between minority status and substantiation of cases. Correlation of poverty level socioeconomic status and case substantiation was also performed. In this instance, a negative correlation was actually determined, though again not at a level approaching significance. Comparisons of what data were available revealed that, of the 21 States reporting in full, 12 had child removal rates above the national average. Six of those had minority populations above average and three included the largest foreign-born populations in the country. The report concludes the number of child abuse cases investigated, substantiated, and resulting in parents losing their children is disproportionately high among minority groups. 25 references.

Title: Talk and Trust: Identifying Substance Abuse Among Colorado Works Families.
Author(s): Nakashian, Mary.
Published: 2003
Available from: National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare
http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov
4940 Irvine Boulevard
Suite 202
Irvine, CA 92620
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov/files/TalkandTrust4_17.pdf
Abstract: Talk and Trust includes six chapters and appendices. After an introduction in Chapter One, Chapter Two: Substance Abuse, TANF, and Work briefly describes the extent of substance abuse and addiction in Colorado and in the country as a whole. It provides information about the connections between substance abuse treatment and work outcomes. It includes current data about the extent of substance abuse among TANF recipients and the array of problems that accompany substance abuse for these women. Chapter Three: Screening Instruments and Techniques for TANF Staff describes how screening is supposed to work. It offers suggestions regarding how workers can introduce screening tools to recipients. It also reviews the benefits and limitations of screening instruments and drug testing, and presents some widely used screening instruments. Chapter Four: Beyond Screening: Other Ways to Identify Substance Abuse describes methods some Colorado counties and other states use to better identify substance abuse. In some cases, these methods do not involve workers at all. These strategies may be as important as the screening instruments themselves, and they can enhance the effectiveness of those instruments. Chapter Five: Four Dimensions of Trust describes trust as a concept involving not only recipients, but also workers and agencies, and it suggests ways for TANF administrators to "operationalize" trust. Chapter Six: Implications, Steps to Take, and Pitfalls to Avoid lays out some of the issues that administrators should consider when developing strategies for TANF families with substance abuse. It offers feasible steps to guide administrators through the process of establishing these strategies, and shares some lessons based on ideas that did not work.

Title: Resources for Measuring Services and Outcomes in Head Start Programs Serving Infants and Toddlers.
Author(s): Kisker, Ellen Eliason.;Boller, Kimberly.;Nagatoshi, Charles.;Sciarrino, Christine.;Jethwani, Vinita.;Zavitsky, Teresa.
Published: 2003
Available from: ACF Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (OPRE)
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/
370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W.
Washington, DC 20447
Printable version (PDF): http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/ehs/perf_measures/reports/resources_measuring/resources_for_measuring.pdf
Abstract: This document contains resources to help Head Start programs that serve pregnant women and families with infants and toddlers develop a performance measurement plan and carry out data collection that will support their continuous program improvement efforts. These performance measures activities should build upon existing screening and assessment activities required by the Head Start Program Performance Standards. This document discusses the importance and development of a comprehensive plan and presents profiles of instruments that may be useful to programs. Because we anticipate that it will be used under different circumstances for different purposes, we present the background information in a book format, and the entire document on a compact disk, to enable users to search for the sections and measures that apply to them. This format will also support the continued evolution of the document, which is intended to be a "living" document to which information on new instruments can be added, through which new tools and approaches can be shared, and in which other resources that individual programs find useful can be compiled. These materials will be most useful when used in consultation with an assessment expert. (Author abstract)

Title: Father and Male Involvement : Assessment Sheet for Service Delivery.
Published: 2003
Available from: Minnesota Fathers & Families Network
http://www.mnfathers.org
161 Saint Anthony Avenue, Suite 845
Saint Paul, MN 55103
Printable version (PDF): http://www.mnfathers.org/documents/AgencySelfAssessmentQuestions.pdf
Abstract: How well is your agency or organization meeting the needs of fathers? What services and programs do you offer that are father-friendly? This brief questionnaire from the Washington State Fathers Network can help you evaluate your own readiness to meet the needs of dads. (Author abstract)

Title: State Kinship Foster Care Licensing and Payment Policies.
Author(s): Geen, Rob.
Published: 2002
Available from: Urban Institute
http://www.urban.org
2100 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037
Document available online at: http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=900611
Printable version (PDF): http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/900611.pdf
Abstract: This chart provides information on foster home licensing standards and procedures for all 50 states. Highlights include: Only 15 states require kin to meet the same licensing requirements as non-kin foster parents. In 23 states, child welfare agencies waive licensing standards (most often training) they require of all non-kin foster parents. 20 states (including 7 states that waive certain non-kin standards) have a separate, less stringent licensing process for kin than they have for non-kin. (Author abstract)

Title: Review of the Child Protective Services Intake Process.
Published: 2002
Available from: Oregon Department of Human Services
http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/
500 Summer St. NE
Salem, OR 97301
Printable version (PDF): http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/abuse/publications/children/cpsintakerpt.pdf
Abstract: This report discusses the outcomes of a review of the child protection intake process used in the Oregon Department of Human Services (DHS). The review sought to document current child protective intake practices, assess the impact of new and proposed changes in DHS policies and procedures for responding to child abuse reports, and identify possible improvements in DHS practices. The investigation included: a review of relevant previous reports and studies provided by DHS; site visits to four Service Delivery Areas, including six branch offices; and an analysis of certain 2001 data provided by DHS or obtained in the site visits. The review found that DHS has the policies, systems, and procedures in place needed to address the key performance requirements of an effective child protection intake system, and that branches were making diligent efforts to comply with DHS policies. It concludes, however, that there are opportunities for improvement related to several of the details and features of the policies, systems, and procedures. Recommendations for improving the effectiveness of DHS in protecting children from abuse and neglect are proposed.

Title: Finding Out What Matters For Youth: Testing Key Links in a Community Action Framework for Youth Development.
Author(s): Gambone, Michelle Alberti.;Klem, Adena M.;Connell, James P.
Published: 2002
Available from: Youth Development Strategies
http://www.ydsi.org/ydsi/index.html
PO Box 759
Island Heights, NJ 08732
Printable version (PDF): http://www.ydsi.org/ydsi/pdf/WhatMatters.pdf
Abstract: The first in a series of reports designed to deepen understanding of what matters for youth and what can be done to improve their conditions, this report discusses the Community Action Framework for Youth Development and the link between youth development experiences and outcomes and long-term outcomes in early adulthood. The framework is based on both academic and applied research on youth and communities, and presents a research-based set of developmental supports and opportunities to guide the design and evaluation of programs, organizations, and initiatives serving youth. Two sets of outcomes are also offered that these supports and opportunities are hypothesized to influence both directly and indirectly. Components of the framework are explained, as well as strategies for using the framework. Findings from a project are then shared that identified existing, high-quality data sets with information on youth's experience of supports and opportunities, their developmental outcomes, and/or their early adult outcomes. Chapter 3 focuses on the relationships between developmental outcomes and early adult outcomes, and Chapter 4 focuses on the relationships between supports and opportunities and developmental outcomes. Both chapters begin with a brief summary of the findings from a literature review, followed by a description of the thresholds, or tipping points, identified for the relevant elements in the framework. Information is included on what percentage of the sample from two data sets is at optimal or risk levels on these elements. All results are combined across data sets in order to provide a single finding for the importance of each element on the pathway to long-term success. Finally, the resource and liability effects are presented on how much developmental outcomes matter to early adult outcomes and how much supports and opportunities matter to later developmental outcomes. 29 references and numerous tables.

Title: An Unfinished Bridge to Independence.
Author(s): Kellam, Susan.
Published: 2001
Journal Name: AdvoCasey
v. 3, 2, Fall 2001, p. 16-25
Available from: Annie E Casey Foundation
http://www.aecf.org/
701 St. Paul St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
Abstract: This article highlights the Bridges to Independence program, a Los Angeles program started in 1996 to help foster care youth make a successful transition to independence and adulthood. The crisis foster youth face when aging out of care and the development of the program are described, as well as the need to secure housing for newly emancipated youth. Results from a survey of 257 participants found three-fourths secured housing before they left the program, however, participants showed few gains in emotional well-being and fewer than half continued to pursue higher education. Future initiatives are discussed.

Title: Foster Care Program Federal Earnings Plan.
Published: 2001
Available from: Washington Department of Social and Health Services
http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/
PO Box 45710
Olympia, WA 98504-5710
Printable version (PDF): http://www1.dshs.wa.gov/pdf/EA/GovRel/leg0102/FCPFEP.pdf
Abstract: This plan identifies how the Children's Administration plans to increase Title IV-E federal earnings for the 2001-03 Biennium.

Title: Brain Development and Early Childhood: An Arkansas Kids Count Special Report.
Author(s): Rule, Chris J.
Published: 2000
Available from: Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families
http://www.aradvocates.org/
Union Station, Suite 306
1400 West Markham

Little Rock, AR 72201
Abstract: This report uses recent economic data on State spending and information about childhood brain development to offer a snapshot of where Arkansas stands on early childhood education and spending on such programs. It begins with an explanation of the brain development in children from birth to age 3. The investment Arkansas has made in early education is then examined and findings indicate 85% of the State's spending on children occurs after a child turns 6. Outcomes of early childhood intervention programs are shared and the need for quality early education and child care is stressed. Recommendations are also made for policy makers and State officials in the areas of: promoting good parenting, promoting health care for children, promoting good early childhood care, targeting preventive early childhood programs to more high-risk children, and securing and maintaining funding for young children. The report closes with strategies parents, child advocates, and officials can use to ensure adequate financing of early childhood intervention programs. 27 references.

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