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Home > Child Abuse & Neglect > Impact > Impact on Child Development > Brain/Cognitive Development
Brain/Cognitive Development
Recent brain research has established a foundation for many of the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional difficulties exhibited by children who experienced maltreatment in their early years. Maltreatment (child abuse or neglect) during infancy and early childhood has been shown to negatively affect early brain development and can have enduring repercussions into adolescence and adulthood.
The experiences of infancy and early childhood provide the organizing framework for the expression of children's intelligence, emotions, and personalities. When those experiences are primarily negative, children may develop emotional, behavioral, and learning problems that persist throughout their lifetime, especially in the absence of targeted interventions.
Before It's Too Late: Neuropsychological Consequences of Child Neglect and Their Implications for Law and Social Policy
Weinstein & Weinstein
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, 33(4), 2000
View Abstract
Reviews child neglect and its impact on early cognitive impairment. Examines the history of social attitudes and disagreements about how the problem should be addressed.
Biological Stress Systems and Brain Development in Maltreated Children with PTSD
De Bellis
Traumatic StressPoints, 13(2), 1999
View Abstract
Studies conducted by the Western Psychiatric Institute and ClinicUs Developmental Traumatology Laboratory have found links between child abuse-related stress and changes in biological stress systems and brain development.
Child Victimization, Cognitive Functioning, and Academic Performance
Becker-Blease & DePrince (2005)
In Child Victimization: Maltreatment, Bullying and Dating Violence, Prevention and Intervention
View Abstract
Summarizes research on the factors that influence the relationship between victimization and cognitive functioning, specifically attention dysregulation.
Complex Trauma in Children and Adolescents (PDF - 508 KB)
Cook, Spinazzola, Ford, Lanktree, Blaustein, et al.
Focal Point, 21(1), 2007
Provides a core background for understanding the psychological and physiological effects of multiple traumatic stress experiences on the developing brain.
The Cumulative Effect of Neglect and Failure to Thrive on Cognitive Functioning
Mackner, Starr, & Black
Child Abuse and Neglect, 21(7), 1997
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A cumulative risk model was used to examine the relationship among neglect, failure to thrive, and cognitive functioning in low-income children.
Excessive Stress Disrupts the Architecture of the Developing Brain (PDF - 224 KB)
National Scientific Council on the Developing Child (2005)
Explores the biological impact of stress on fetal and early childhood brains, and offers policy recommendations for preventing the negative effects of stress.
From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development
Shonkoff & Phillips (Eds.) (2000)
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The Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development, a project of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine, reviewed findings in neurobiology and the behavioral and social sciences about the roles of nature and nurture during the first 5 years of life.
The Neuroarcheology of Childhood Maltreatment: The Neurodevelopmental Costs of Adverse Childhood Events
Perry (2001)
In The Cost of Child Maltreatment: Who Pays? We All Do
View Abstract
Examines the impact of abuse and neglect on brain development, and explores specific effects depending on the type of abuse and the developmental stage of the child when it occurs
The Psychobiology of Maltreatment in Childhood (PDF - 146 KB)
Watts-English, Fortson, Gibler, Hooper, & De Bellis
Journal of Social Issues, 62(4), 2006
Examines the adverse impact of child maltreatment on neuropsychological outcomes in the developing child and addresses practice, research, and policy implications.
Understanding the Effects of Childhood Trauma on Brain Development in Native Children (PDF - 1147 KB)
Tribal Law and Policy Institute (2005)
Helps victim advocates understand how trauma affects child development when abuse has occurred. Also describes major components of the Historical Trauma and Unresolved Grief Intervention.
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